Tamer Badr

Islam Question & Answer

We are here to open an honest, calm, and respectful window into Islam.

In this section, we are pleased to introduce you to the religion of Islam as it is, from its original sources, away from misconceptions or stereotypes. Islam is not a religion specific to Arabs or a particular region of the world, but a universal message for all people, calling for monotheism, justice, peace and mercy.

Here you will find clear and simple articles that will explain it to you:
- What is Islam?
- Who is Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)?
- What do Muslims believe in?
- What is Islam's attitude towards women, science and life?

We only ask you to read with an open mind and a sincere heart to seek the truth

Question and Answer about Islam

Belief in the Creator

A person must have faith, whether in the true God or in a false god. He may call Him a god or something else. This god may be a tree, a star in the sky, a woman, a boss, a scientific theory, or even a personal desire. But he must believe in something that he follows, sanctifies, returns to in his life, and may even die for. This is what we call worship. Worshiping the true God frees a person from "slavery" to others and society.

The true God is the Creator, and worshipping anyone other than the true God involves claiming that they are gods, and God must be the Creator, and the proof that He is the Creator is either by observing what He created in the universe, or by revelation from the God who has been proven to be the Creator. If there is no proof for this claim, neither from the creation of the visible universe, nor from the words of the Creator God, then these gods are necessarily false.

We note that in times of hardship, man turns to a single truth and hopes for one God, and no more. Science has proven the unity of matter and the oneness of order in the universe by identifying the manifestations and phenomena of the universe, and by examining the similarities and similarities in existence.

Then let us imagine, at the level of a single family, when the father and mother disagree about making a fateful decision concerning the family, and the victim of their disagreement is the loss of the children and the destruction of their future. So what about two or more gods ruling the universe?

God Almighty said:

If there had been within the heavens and earth gods besides God, they both would have been ruined. So exalted is God, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe. (Al-Anbiya: 22).

We also find that:

The existence of the Creator must have preceded the existence of time, space, and energy, and based on this, nature cannot be the cause of the creation of the universe, because nature itself consists of time, space, and energy, and therefore that cause must have existed before the existence of nature.

The Creator must be omnipotent, i.e. have authority over everything.

He must be in control to command the creation to begin.

He must have omniscience, that is, he must have complete knowledge of all things.

He must be one and only, he should not need to have another cause, he should not need to be incarnated in the form of one of his creatures, and he should not need to have a wife or child in any case, because he must be all-encompassing.

He must be a wise man who does nothing except for his own wisdom.

He must be just, and His justice includes rewarding and punishing, and being relevant to human beings, for He would not be God if He created them and left them alone. That is why he sends messengers to them to show them the way and inform people of his approach. Those who follow this path deserve to be rewarded and those who deviate from it deserve to be punished.

Christians, Jews and Muslims in the Middle East use the word "Allah" to refer to God. It means the one true God, the God of Moses and Jesus, and the Creator has identified himself in the Qur'an as "Allah" and other names and attributes. The word "God" is mentioned 89 times in the ancient version of the Old Testament.

Some of the attributes of Allah Almighty that are mentioned in the Qur'an are: Creator.

He is God, the Creator, the Procreator, the Illustrator, the Illustrator; He has the best names; praise be to Him what is in the heavens and the earth; and He is the Almighty and the Wise[2] (Al-Hashr: 24).

He is the First, before whom there is nothing and the Last, after whom there is nothing: "He is the first and the last, the visible and the invisible, and He is all-knowing"[3] (Al-Hadid:3).

The one who is in control: He directs the affairs from heaven to earth...[4] (Al-Sajdah:5).

The Almighty Knower: ... that He was all-knowing and all-powerful[5] (Fatir:44).

He does not take the form of any of His creatures: ...there is nothing like Him, and He is the Hearing and Seeing[6] (Shura:11).

He has no partner and no child: Say: Say: Allah is One (1), Allah is the Solid (2), He was not born, nor was He born (3), and He has no one's sufficiency[7] (Al-Ikhlas 1-4).

Wise: ... and Allah was all-knowing and wise[8] (Al-Nisa: 111).

Justice: ...and your Lord does not oppress anyone [9] (Al-Kahab: 49).

This question is the result of a wrong perception of the Creator and his likeness to the creature, and this perception is rejected mentally and logically, for example:

Can a person answer a simple question, namely: What does the colour red smell like? Of course, there is no answer to this question because red is not a colour that can be smelled.

The manufacturer of a good or commodity, such as a TV or refrigerator, sets rules and regulations for the use of the appliance, and writes these instructions in a book explaining how to use the appliance and encloses it with the appliance. The consumer must follow and abide by these instructions if he or she is to benefit from the appliance as required, whereas the manufacturer is not subject to these laws.

From the above examples, we understand that every cause has a creator, but God is simply not a cause, and is not categorised as one of the things that can be created. God is first and foremost the primary cause. Although the law of causality is one of God's universal laws, God is omnipotent and omnipotent.

The belief in a Creator is based on the fact that things do not appear without a cause, let alone that the vast inhabited physical universe and its creatures, possess an intangible consciousness and obey the laws of immaterial mathematics. To explain the existence of a finite physical universe, we need an independent, immaterial and eternal source.

Chance cannot be the creator of the universe because chance is not a primary cause, but a secondary consequence that depends on other factors (the existence of time, space, matter and energy) for something to form from these factors by chance. The word "chance" cannot be used to explain anything because it is nothing at all.

For example, if a person enters his room and finds the window glass broken, he will ask his family who broke the window, and they will answer: It was broken by accident. The answer here is wrong, because he did not ask how the window was broken, but he asked who broke the window. Chance is a verb, not a noun. The correct answer would be to say: "Phil broke it," and then explain that whoever broke it broke it was accidental or on purpose. The same applies to the universe and creatures.

If we ask who created the universe and creatures, and some answer that they were created by chance, the answer here is wrong, because we did not ask how the universe was created, but who created the universe. Therefore, chance is neither the author nor the creator of the universe.

Here comes the question: did the Creator of the universe create it by chance or on purpose? Of course, it is the act and its results that give us the answer.

If we go back to the example of the window, and suppose someone enters his room and finds the window glass broken, and asks his family who broke it, and they answer: So-and-so broke it by accident. The answer here is acceptable and reasonable, because breaking the glass is a random thing that can happen by chance. But if the same person enters his room the next day and finds that the window glass has been repaired, and asks his family: Where did it come from? The answer here is unacceptable, and even mentally impossible, because the act of repairing the glass is not a random act, but an organised act governed by laws. First, the damaged glass must be removed, the window frame must be cleaned, then new glass must be cut with accurate sizes suitable for the frame, then the glass must be fixed to the frame with rubber material, then the frame must be fixed in place, and all these actions cannot happen by chance, but on purpose, and all these actions cannot happen by chance, but on purpose. The mental rule says: If an action is random and not subject to a system, it may have happened by chance, but an organised, interconnected action and an action that is the result of a system cannot happen by chance, but on purpose.

If we look at the universe and creatures, we will find that they are made in a perfect order, and that they are governed by precise laws, so we say: It is mentally impossible for the universe and creatures to have been created by chance, but rather they were created on purpose. This eliminates chance from the question of the creation of the universe[10]. Yaqeen channel to criticise atheism and agnosticism. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHASgETgqxI

It is also evidence of a Creator:

1- Evidence of Creation and Creation:

It means that the emergence of the universe from nothingness proves the existence of the Creator God.

Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the difference of night and day are signs for those who are wise[11] (Al-Imran:190).

2- Evidence of obligation:

If we say that everything has a source, and that this source has a source, and if this sequence goes on forever, it is logical to reach a beginning or an end. We must reach a source that does not have a source and this is what we call the "fundamental cause" which is different from the fundamental event, for example, if we assume that the Big Bang is the fundamental event, then the Creator is the fundamental cause that caused this event.

3- Mastery and Order Guide:

It means that the precision of the universe's structure and laws are proof of the existence of a Creator God.

Who created the seven heavens in a straight line; what you see in the creation of the Most Merciful is no disparity; turn back your eyes and see if you see any breakthrough[12] (Al-Mulk: 3).

We have created everything with a destiny[13] (Al-Qamar: 49).

4- Care Guide:

That the universe was built to be perfectly favourable to the emergence of human beings is a testament to the qualities of beauty and mercy of God.

God, who created the heavens and the earth, and sent down from the sky water from the sky, and brought forth therefrom fruits for your sustenance, and made the arks for you to navigate the sea by His command, and made the rivers for you[14] (Ibrahim:32).

5- Guide to harnessing and managing:

It specialises in the attributes of majesty and omnipotence.

(5) You have therein warmth and benefits, and therein you shall eat. (6) And therein you shall have beauty when you are resting and when you are travelling, and you shall carry your burdens to a country which you could not reach (7) And horses, mules and donkeys for your riding and for ornamentation, and your Lord creates what you do not know[15] (al-Nahl: 5 - 8).

6- Evidence of specialisation:

It means that what we see in the universe could have been in many forms, but God Almighty chose the best form.

(68) Did you bring down the water that you drink (68), or are we the ones who bring it down (69), and if we wished, we would have made it dry, so that you would not be thankful[16] (Al-Raqi'a: 68-69-70).

Have you not seen how your Lord stretched out the shadow, and if He had wished, He would have made it still, and then We made the sun upon it a proof[17] (Al-Furqan:45).

The Qur'an mentions possibilities to explain the creation and existence of the universe[18]: The Divine Reality: God, Islam & The Mirage of Atheism..Hamza Andreas Tzortzi

Or were they created from nothing, or are they the creators (35) Or did they create the heavens and the earth, but they do not believe (36) Or do they have the treasuries of your Lord, or are they the ones who are in control[19] (Al-Tur:35-37).

Or were they created out of nothing:

This contradicts many of the natural laws we see around us, and a simple example, such as saying that the pyramids of Egypt were created from nothing, is enough to disprove this possibility.

Or are they the creators:

Self-creation: Could the universe have created itself? The term "created" refers to something that did not exist and came into existence, self-creation is a logical and practical impossibility, this is due to the fact that self-creation means that something existed and did not exist at the same time, which is impossible, and saying that man created himself means that he existed before he existed!

Even when some sceptics speak and assert the possibility of self-creation in single-celled organisms, it must first be assumed that the first cell exists in order to make this argument, and if we assume this, this is not self-creation, but a method of reproduction (asexual reproduction), through which offspring arise from a single organism, inheriting only the genetic material of that parent.

Many people, when asked who created you, simply say, "My parents are the reason for my existence in this life: My parents are the reason for my existence in this life, which is obviously an answer intended to shortcut and find a way out of this dilemma, as man by nature does not want to think and endeavour, as he knows that his parents will die, he will remain and his offspring will come after him to give the same answer, and he knows that he has no hand in the creation of his children. The real question is: Who created the human race?

Or did they create the heavens and the earth?

No one has ever claimed to have created the heavens and the earth, except the Owner of the command and creation alone, who revealed this truth when he sent his messengers to mankind, and the truth is that he is the creator, creator and owner of the heavens and the earth and what is between them. He has no partner and no child.

God Almighty said:

Say: "Call upon those whom you have claimed from besides Allah; they do not possess the weight of an atom in the heavens or in the earth, and they have no partner in them, and none of them has a backer."[20] (Saba: 22).

As an example, when a bag is found in a public place, and no one comes to claim it as his own except for one person, who provides a description of the bag and the contents inside to indicate that it belongs to him, in this case the bag becomes his right, until another person appears and claims it as his own, according to the laws of mankind, and this is according to the laws of mankind.

The existence of a creator:

All this leads us to the inescapable answer, which is the existence of a Creator. It is strange that man always tries to assume many possibilities that are far from this possibility, as if this possibility is something imaginary and unlikely that cannot be believed or verified. If we were to take an honest and fair stand, and a scientific look, we would come to the fact that the Creator God cannot be recognised, he is the one who created the entire universe, so it is logical to assume that this unseen force is not easy to verify its existence, and this force must reveal itself by itself in the way it sees fit for human perception, and man must reach the conviction that this unseen force is real and exists and that it is inevitable to believe in this last and remaining possibility to explain the mystery of this existence.

God Almighty said:

So flee to Allah; I am for you from Him a clear warning[21] (Al-Dhariyat: 50).

It is necessary to believe and recognise the existence of this Creator God, if we are looking for the permanence of goodness, bliss and eternal immortality.

We see rainbows and mirages that don't exist! We believe in the existence of gravity without seeing it just because it has been proven by physical science.

God Almighty said:

He is not perceived by the eyes, but He perceives the eyes, and He is the All-Knowing and All-Lightful[22] (Al-An'am: 103).

For example, and only as an approximation, a human being cannot describe something as immaterial as an "idea", its weight in grams, length in centimetres, chemical composition, colour, pressure, shape and image.

Perception is divided into four types:

Sensory perception: Seeing something with the sense of sight, for example.

Imaginative perception: Comparing a sensory image to your memory and previous experiences.

Illusory perception: Feeling the emotions of others, such as when you feel that your child is sad.

These three ways are common to humans and animals.

Mental cognition: This is the cognition that is uniquely human.

Atheists want to abolish this type of perception to equate man with animals. Mental perception is the most powerful type of perception, because it is the mind that corrects the senses. When a person sees a mirage, for example, as we mentioned in the previous example, the intellect comes in to tell the owner that this is just a mirage and not water, and its appearance was only due to the reflection of light on the sand, and there is no origin to its existence, so here the sense has deceived him and the intellect has guided him. Atheists reject mental evidence and demand physical evidence and summarise this term with the term "scientific evidence". Is mental and logical evidence not also scientific? It is indeed scientific evidence, but not physical, and you can imagine just putting the idea of the existence of small microbes not visible to the naked eye to a person who lived on planet Earth five hundred years ago, how will she react[23]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P3InWgcv18A Fadel Suleiman.

Although the mind can recognise the existence of the Creator and recognise some of His attributes, it has limits, and it can recognise the wisdom of some things and not others, for example, no one can recognise the wisdom of a physicist such as Einstein.

"For God's sake, the mere thought of being able to fully comprehend God is the same as ignorance of Him; the car may lead you to the seashore, but it does not enable you to wade into the sea. If I ask you, for example, how many litres of sea water is equal to how many litres, and you answer with any number, you are ignorant, and if you answer without knowing, you are a scientist." [24] The only way to know God is through His signs in the universe and His signs in the Qur'an. From the sayings of Sheikh Muhammad Ratib al-Nabulsi.

The sources of knowledge in Islam are: The Qur'an, Sunnah, consensus and reason are subordinate to the Qur'an, Sunnah and what is indicated by correct reason that does not contradict the revelation.

God Almighty said:

Or have they not seen how Allah begins the creation and then repeats it, for this is easy for Allah. (19) Say: "Walk the earth and see how He began the creation, and then Allah will create the next creation, for Allah is all-powerful over all things."[25] (Al-Ankabut: 19-20).

And He revealed to His servant what He revealed[26] (Al-Najm: 10).

The most beautiful thing about science is that it has no limits, and the more we delve into one science, the more we will find other sciences, and we will never be able to know everything. The smartest person is the one who tries to understand everything, and the dumbest person is the one who thinks he will understand everything.

God Almighty said:

Say: "If the sea were a substitute for the words of my Lord, the sea would run out before the words of my Lord were exhausted, even if we were to bring a similar substitute."[27] (Al-Kahf: 109) (Al-Kahf: 109).

For example, and just to give you an idea, when a person uses an electronic device and controls it from the outside, he does not in any way go inside the device.

If we say that God can do this because He is the Almighty, then we must also recognise that the Creator, the One and Only God, the Most High, does not do what is not befitting His Majesty.

For example, God is the ultimate example: A priest or a person with a high religious status does not go out into the public street naked, although he can do so, but he cannot go out in public in this way, because this behaviour is not befitting his religious status.

In human law, as is well known, violating the right of a king or ruler is not equal to other offences. God's right on His servants is to be worshipped alone, as the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "God's right on His servants is that they worship Him and do not make any partnership with Him...Do you know what is the right of the servants on God if they do it?" I said: Allah and His Messenger know best, he said: "The right of the slaves is for Allah not to punish them.

It is enough to imagine that we give someone a gift and they thank and praise someone else. The same is the case of the servants with their Creator, God has given them innumerable blessings, and they in turn thank others. In all cases, the Creator is rich for them.

The Lord of the Worlds' use of the word "we" to express Himself in many verses of the Holy Qur'an expresses that He alone is the collector of the qualities of beauty and majesty. It also expresses power and greatness in the Arabic language, and in English it is also called "royal we", where the plural pronoun is used to refer to a person in a high position (such as king, monarch or sultan), but the Qur'an has always emphasised the unity of God with regard to worship.

God Almighty said:

Say: "The truth is from your Lord, so whoever wishes to believe and whoever wishes to disbelieve..."[28] (Al-Kahf: 29).

The Creator could have made us compelled to obey and worship, but compulsion does not fulfil the purpose of human creation.

Divine wisdom was represented in the creation of Adam and his distinction of knowledge.

And He taught Adam all the names and then presented them to the angels and said, "Tell me the names of these, if you are truthful."[29] (Al-Baqarah: 31)

It gives them the ability to choose.

And We said, O Adam, dwell in Paradise, and eat from it freely wherever you wish, and do not approach this tree, lest you be among the unjust[30] (Al-Baqarah: 35).

It opens the door to repentance and repentance for him, as choice must inevitably lead to error, missteps, and sin.

And Adam received words from his Lord, and He repented him, for He is the One who repents and is merciful[31] (Al-Baqarah: 37).

God Almighty wanted Adam to be a caliph on earth.

When your Lord said to the angels, "I will make you a successor on earth," they said, "Will you put therein someone who will corrupt it and shed blood, while we praise your praise and honour you?"[32] (Al-Baqarah: 30).

The will and the ability to choose is a blessing in itself, if it is used and directed in a proper and correct manner, and a curse if it is exploited for corrupt purposes.

The will and choice must be fraught with risks, temptations, struggles and self-struggle, which is undoubtedly a greater degree and honour for man than the submission that leads to false happiness.

God Almighty said:

There is no equality between those who are stationary among the believers who are not the first to suffer harm and those who fight in the way of Allah with their money and their souls. Allah has preferred those who fight with their money and their souls over those who are stationary by a degree, and Allah has promised both the good and the bad, and Allah has preferred those who fight with their money and their souls to those who are stationary by a great reward[33] (Al-Nisa: 95)[33].

What is the point of reward and punishment if there is no choice for which we deserve to be rewarded?

This is all while knowing that the space of choice actually granted to man is limited in this world, and God Almighty will only hold us accountable for what He has given us the freedom to choose, as the circumstances and environment in which we grew up did not have a choice, nor did we choose our parents, nor do we have control over our shapes and colours.

When a person finds themselves too rich and too generous, they will invite friends and loved ones over for food and drink.

God, the Creator, has attributes of majesty and beauty, He is the Merciful, the Compassionate, the Gracious Giver, He created us to worship Him, and to have mercy on us, make us happy and give us, if we are faithful to Him, obey Him and comply with His command, and all the beautiful human attributes are derived from His attributes.

He created us and gave us the ability to choose, either we choose the path of obedience and worship, or we deny his existence and choose the path of rebellion and disobedience.

God Almighty said:

(56) I have not created the jinn and mankind except that they may worship me (56) I do not want any sustenance from them, nor do I want them to feed me (57) Allah is the Provider of sustenance, the One who is all-powerful[34] (Al-Dhariyat:56-58).

As for the issue of God's alienation from His creation, it is an established issue, both textually and intellectually.

God Almighty said:

... Indeed, Allah is rich beyond the worlds[35] (Al-Ankabut: 6).

Rationally, it is well established that the Creator of perfection is characterised by the attributes of absolute perfection, and one of the attributes of absolute perfection is that He does not need anyone else, as His dependence on others is an attribute of deficiency from which He is devoid.

The jinn and human beings are uniquely distinguished from all other creatures by their freedom of choice. Man is distinguished by his direct address to the Lord of the Worlds and his devotion to Him of his own free will, thereby fulfilling the wisdom of the Creator in making man the head of the creatures.

Knowledge of the Lord of the Worlds is achieved by recognising His beautiful names and attributes, which are divided into two main groups:

Names of beauty: They are every adjective that is characterised by mercy, pardon and kindness, including Al-Rahman, Al-Rahim, Al-Razzaq, Al-Wahab, Al-Barr, Al-Raouf, etc.

Names of Jalal: These are all attributes that are characterised by power, might, greatness and majesty, such as Al-Aziz, Al-Jabbar, Al-Qahar, Al-Qutab, Al-Khafid, etc.

Knowing the attributes of Allah, the Almighty, entails worshipping Him as befits His majesty, glorifying Him, and purifying Him from what is not befitting Him, in order to seek His mercy and fear His wrath and punishment. His worship is exemplified by obeying commands, avoiding prohibitions, and undertaking reform and reconstruction of the earth. Accordingly, the concept of this worldly life becomes an examination and test for human beings, so that they may be distinguished and God may raise the grades of the pious and thereby merit the succession of the earth and the inheritance of paradise in the hereafter, while the corrupt will be disgraced in this world and doomed to the torment of hell.

God Almighty said:

We have made what is on earth an ornament for them to test them to see who can do the best work[36] (Al-Kahf: 7).

God's creation of human beings has two aspects:

A human aspect: It is explained in the Qur'an in explicit texts, which is the realisation of worship to God in order to win paradise.

We must know that the wisdom of creation is His alone and not that of any of His creatures, and our knowledge is limited, while His knowledge is complete and absolute. The creation of human beings, death, resurrection and the afterlife are a very small part of the creation, which is His business and not the business of other angels, humans or others.

The angels asked their Lord this question when He created Adam, and God gave them a definitive and clear answer:

When your Lord said to the angels, "I will make you a successor on earth," they said, "Will you put therein someone who will corrupt it and shed blood, while we praise your praise and honour you?"[37] (Al-Baqarah: 30).

God's answer to the angels' question that He knows what they do not know shows several things: That the wisdom of the creation of human beings belongs to Him, and that the whole matter is God's affair and the creatures have nothing to do with it, for He is effective for what He wills[38] and He does not ask what He does and they ask Him[39] and that the reason for the creation of human beings is one of God's knowledge, which the angels do not know, and as long as the matter concerns God's absolute knowledge, He knows the wisdom from Him, and none of His creation knows it except by His permission. (Al-Buruj: 16). (Al-Anbiya: 23).

If God wants to give His creatures the opportunity to choose whether or not to exist in life, then their existence must first be realised. How can human beings have a say when they are in nothingness? It is a question of existence and non-existence. Man's attachment to life and his fear for it is the greatest evidence of his satisfaction with this blessing.

The blessing of life is a test for human beings to distinguish the good man who is satisfied with his Lord from the bad man who is dissatisfied with Him. The wisdom of the Lord of the Worlds of creation required that those who are satisfied with Him should be drawn to His dwelling place of honour in the Hereafter.

This question shows that if the suspicion becomes entrenched in the mind, it blurs the logical thinking in it, which is one of the signs of the Quranic miracle.

Where God said:

I will turn away from My Signs those who are proud in the earth without truth, and if they see every sign, they will not believe in it, and if they see the way of righteousness, they will not take it, and if they see the way of wrongdoing, they will take it."[40] (Al-A'raf: 146) This is because they disbelieved in Our Signs and were oblivious to them.

Knowing God's wisdom of creation is not a right that we can claim, and therefore withholding it from us is not an injustice to us.

When God blesses us with the opportunity of eternal life in infinite bliss in a paradise that has what no ear has heard, no eye has seen, and no thought has entered the heart of man. What injustice is there in that?

He gives us the free will to decide for ourselves and we choose Him or we choose torment.

God tells us what awaits us and gives us a very clear roadmap to reach this bliss and avoid the torment.

God encourages us in various ways and means to take the path of Paradise and warns us repeatedly against taking the path of Hell.

God tells us the stories of the people of Paradise and how they won it and the stories of the people of Hell and how they were tormented so that we can learn.

He narrates the dialogues of the people of Paradise and the dialogues of the people of Hell that will take place between them so that we can understand the lesson well.

Allah gives us ten favours for a good deed and one bad deed, and tells us this so that we take the initiative to do good deeds.

Allah tells us that if we follow a bad deed with a good deed, it will erase it, so we gain ten good deeds and the bad deeds are erased.

It tells us that repentance cancels out the previous offence, so the one who repents is as if he had no offence.

Allah makes the doer of a good deed the same as the doer.

Allah makes earning good deeds very easy, so with Iftaar, tasbih and dhikr, we can earn great good deeds and get rid of our sins without much difficulty.

For every letter of the Qur'an, we get ten favours.

God gives us the reward for merely intending to do good even if we cannot do it, and He does not hold us accountable for intending evil if we do not do it.

Allah promises us that if we initiate good deeds, He will increase our guidance, help us and facilitate our good deeds.

How unfair is that?

In fact, God has not only treated us with justice, but also with mercy, generosity and benevolence.

The religion that the Creator has chosen for his servants

Religion is a way of life, which organises man's relationship with his Creator and those around him, and is the path to the hereafter.

The need for religion is greater than the need for food and drink. Man is religious by nature, and if he is not guided to the true religion, he will invent a religion for himself, as was the case with the pagan religions invented by mankind. Man needs security in this world as well as in his future and after his death.

The true religion is the one that gives its followers complete security in both worlds. For example:

If we are travelling down a road and do not know the end of it, we have two options, either we follow the instructions on the road on the signs, or we try to guess, which may cause us to get lost and perish.

If we were to buy a TV set and try to operate it without referring to the operating instructions, we would ruin it. A TV set from the same manufacturer, for example, arrives here with the same instruction booklet as in another country, so we have to use it in the same way.

If a person wants to communicate with another person, for example, the other person must tell them the possible means, such as telling them to talk to them by phone and not by email, and they must use the phone number that they personally provide, and they cannot use any other number.

The previous examples show us that humans cannot worship God by following their whims, because they will first harm themselves before they harm others. In order to communicate with the Lord of the Worlds, some peoples dance and sing in places of worship, and others clap to awaken God according to their belief. Some of them worship God by taking an intermediary, and imagine that God comes in the form of a human being or a stone. God wants to protect us from ourselves when we worship what does not benefit us or harm us, and even cause us to perish in the hereafter. Worshipping other than God with God is the greatest of all sins, and the punishment is eternity in hell. It is one of God's greatness that He has made a system for us all to follow, to regulate our relationship with Him and our relationship with those around us, which is called religion.

The true religion must be in accordance with man's first instinct, which needs a direct relationship with his Creator without intermediaries, and which represents the virtues and good qualities in man.

It should be one religion, simple and easy, understandable and uncomplicated, valid for all times and places.

It must be a fixed religion for all generations, for all countries, and for all types of people, with a variety of laws according to the needs of man at every time, neither increasing nor decreasing according to whims, as is the case with customs and traditions that originate from human beings.

It must contain clear doctrines and does not need an intermediary, and religion is not taken by emotion, but by correct and proven evidence.

It should cover all issues of life and every time and place, and it should be fit for the world as well as for the hereafter, building the soul and not forgetting the body.

It must protect people's lives, preserve their honour and property, and respect their rights and minds.

Those who do not follow this approach, which is in accordance with their innate nature, live in a state of turmoil and instability, and feel a sense of distress in their hearts and souls, as well as the torment of the hereafter.

The true religion must be in accordance with man's first instinct, which needs a direct relationship with his Creator without intermediaries, and which represents the virtues and good qualities in man.

It should be one religion, simple and easy, understandable and uncomplicated, valid for all times and places.

It must be a fixed religion for all generations, for all countries, and for all types of people, with a variety of laws according to the needs of man at every time, neither increasing nor decreasing according to whims, as is the case with customs and traditions that originate from human beings.

It must contain clear doctrines and does not need an intermediary, and religion is not taken by emotion, but by correct and proven evidence.

It should cover all issues of life and every time and place, and it should be fit for the world as well as for the hereafter, building the soul and not forgetting the body.

It must protect people's lives, preserve their honour and property, and respect their rights and minds.

Those who do not follow this approach, which is in accordance with their innate nature, live in a state of turmoil and instability, and feel a sense of distress in their hearts and souls, as well as the torment of the hereafter.

When mankind perishes, only the Living One will remain. Whoever says it is not important to adhere to morality under the umbrella of religion is like someone who studies for twelve years in school and says at the end: I don't want a degree.

God Almighty said:

"And We came to what they had done, and made it a waste of time."[41] (Al-Furqan: 23).

The colonisation of the earth and good manners are not the end of religion, but are in fact the means! The purpose of religion: The goal of religion is to introduce man to his Lord, and then to the source of his existence, his path and his destiny, and the good end and destiny can only be achieved by knowing the Lord of the Worlds through worshiping Him and obtaining His satisfaction. The way to achieve this is through the colonisation of the earth and good manners, provided that the servant's actions are in pursuit of the pleasure of the Almighty.

Suppose someone had subscribed to a social security organisation for a pension, and the company announced that it would no longer be able to pay pensions and would soon be closed, and he found out about it, would he still do business with them?

When man realises that humanity is doomed, that it is unable to reward him in the end, and that all the work he has done for mankind will be in vain, he will feel very disillusioned. A believer is one who works, labours, treats people well and helps humanity, but for the sake of God, and thus will obtain happiness in this world and the hereafter.

It makes no sense for an employee to maintain and respect his relationship with the rest of his colleagues, while neglecting his relationship with his employer, so for us to have a good life and be respected by others, our relationship with our Creator must be the best and strongest relationship.

In addition, what is the motive that drives man to establish morals and values and to respect laws or respect others? Or what is the control that disciplines man and forces him to do good and not evil? If they say the force of law, we reply and say that law is not available at all times and places and is not sufficient alone to resolve all conflicts at the local and international levels. Most human behaviour takes place in isolation from the law and the eyes of the people.

The need for religion is evidenced by the existence of a large number of religions to which the majority of the nations of the earth resort to organise their lives and regulate the actions of their people on the basis of religious laws. As we know that the only regulator of man is his religious belief in the absence of law, as law cannot be with man at all times and in all places.

Man's only deterrent is his inner belief in the existence of a watchdog and a guardian, and this belief is deeply rooted in his conscience and is clearly visible when he is about to commit a wrong act, as he conflicts with the angels of good and evil and tries to hide any scandalous act from people's eyes, or any act that is condemned by common sense. All this is evidence of the reality of the existence of the concept of religion and belief in the depths of the human psyche.

Religion came to fill the void that positive laws cannot fill or bind minds and hearts to it, regardless of time and place.

A person's motivation or drive to do good varies from person to person. Each person has his or her own motives and interests for doing or adhering to specific ethics or values, for example:

Punishment: It can be a deterrent to stop people from doing evil.

The reward: It may be the motivation for a person to engage in good deeds.

Self-satisfaction: It may be a control for man to restrain himself from his desires and desires. Man has a temperament and whims, and what he likes today may not like tomorrow.

Religious motivation: knowing God, fearing Him and sensing His presence wherever one goes, which is a strong and effective motivation [42]. Atheism is a giant leap of faith Dr Raida Jarrar.

Religion has a great impact in moving people's feelings and emotions either positively or negatively. This shows us that the origin of people's instinct is based on the knowledge of God, and it can often be exploited, intentionally or unintentionally, as a motive to move him. This brings us to the seriousness of religion in human consciousness because it concerns its creator.

The role of the mind is to judge and ratify things, so the inability of the mind to reach the purpose of human existence, for example, does not cancel its role, but rather gives the opportunity for religion to tell it what it could not grasp, so religion tells it about its Creator, the source of its existence and the purpose of its existence, and it understands, judges and ratifies this information, thus acknowledging the existence of the Creator that is not given by reason or logic.

Many nowadays believe that light is outside of time, and do not accept that the Creator is not subject to the law of time and space. This means that God is before everything and after everything, and that God is not surrounded by any of His creations.

Many believed that connected molecules, when separated from each other, still communicate with each other at the same time, and did not accept the idea that the Creator knowingly accompanies His servants wherever they go. He believed that he had a mind without seeing it, and refused to believe in God without seeing him as well.

Many refused to believe in heaven and hell, and accepted the existence of other worlds that they did not see. Materialistic science told him to believe and believe in things that do not exist, such as mirages, and to believe and recognise this, and at death, neither physics nor chemistry will benefit humans, as they have promised them nothingness.

Man cannot disprove the existence of a writer just because he knows the writers, they are not substitutes. Science discovered the laws of the universe but did not create them, the Creator did.

Some believers have advanced degrees in physics and chemistry, but they realise that these cosmic laws have a great Creator behind them. The materialistic science that materialists believe in has discovered the laws created by God, but science did not create these laws. Scientists will find nothing to study without these laws created by God. However, faith benefits the believer in this world and the hereafter, through their knowledge and learning of cosmic laws that increase their faith in their Creator.

When a person comes down with a severe flu or fever, he may not be able to reach for a glass of water to drink, so how can he dispense with his relationship with his Creator?

Science is ever-changing, and complete faith in science alone is an issue, as new discoveries are made and previous theories are cancelled out. Some of what we take as science is still theoretical. Even if we assume that all the discoveries of science are consistent and accurate, we still have an issue, which is that science nowadays gives all the glory to the discoverer and ignores the maker. For example, suppose someone walks into a room and discovers a beautiful painting that is very elaborate, and then goes out to tell people about the discovery. Everyone admires the man who discovered the painting and forgets to ask the most important question: "Who painted it?" This is what human beings do, they are so impressed by scientific discoveries of the laws of nature and space that they forget to ask the Creator of those laws.

With material science, man can build a rocket, but he cannot judge the beauty of a painting, for example, nor can he appreciate the value of things, nor can he define good and evil. With material science, we know that a bullet kills, but we do not know that it is wrong to use it to kill others.

Albert Einstein, the famous physicist, said: " "Science cannot be a source of morality. There is no doubt that there are moral foundations for science, but we cannot talk about scientific foundations for morality. All attempts to subject morality to the laws and equations of science have failed and will fail.

Immanuel Kant, the famous German philosopher, said: "The moral proof of the existence of God is based on what is required by justice, because the good man must be rewarded and the evil man must be punished, and this can only happen in the presence of a supreme source that holds every man accountable for what he has done. The proof is also based on what is required by the possibility of combining virtue and happiness, because they can only be combined in the presence of the supernatural, which is all-knowing and all-powerful, and this supreme and supernatural source represents God."

The reality is that religion is an obligation and responsibility, it makes the conscience alert and urges the believer to hold himself accountable in every small and big way, the believer is responsible for himself, his family, his neighbour and even the passerby, and he takes reasons and relies on God, and I do not think that these are the qualities of opium addicts [43]. Opium is a narcotic substance, extracted from the poppy plant and used to make heroin.

The real opiate of the people is atheism, not faith. Because atheism calls its followers to materialism, marginalising their relationship with their Creator by rejecting religion and abandoning responsibilities and duties, and urging them to enjoy the moment they live in regardless of the consequences, so they do whatever they like while safe from worldly punishment, believing that there is no divine watchdog or accountability, no resurrection or reckoning. Isn't this really a description of addicts?

True religion can be distinguished from others by three basic points[44]: Adapted from The Myth of Atheism. Dr Amr Sharif. 2014 edition.

The attributes of the Creator or God in this religion.

Qualities of the messenger or prophet.

The content of the message.

The divine message or religion must contain a description and explanation of the beauty and majesty of the Creator, the definition of Himself and the evidence of His existence.

Say: "He is Allah One (1), Allah the steadfast (2), He was not born (3), and He has no one's sufficiency [45]. (Ikhlas 1-4).

(22) He is the God who there is no other God but Him, who knows the unseen and the witnessed; He is the Merciful, the Compassionate, the Merciful (22) He is the God who there is no other God but Him, the King, the Holy One, the Peaceful, the Faithful, the Faithful, the Compassionate, the Almighty, the Exalted, the Exalted. (23) He is the Creator, the Almighty, the Exalted, the Exalted - He has the good names - Praise be to Him what is in the heavens and the earth - Praise be to Him what is in the heavens and the earth - Praise be to Him who is the Almighty, the Wise [46] (Al-Hashr 22-24). (Al-Hashr 22-24).

As for the concept of the messenger and his attributes, the religion or the divine message:

1- Explain how the Creator communicates with the Messenger.

I have chosen you, so listen to what is revealed[47]. (Taha:13).

2- It shows that prophets and messengers are responsible for reporting from God.

O Messenger, report what has been sent down to you from your Lord...[48]. (Al-Ma'idah:67).

3- It shows that the messengers did not come to invite people to worship them, but to worship God alone.

It was not for a man to give God the Scripture, wisdom, and prophecy, and then say to the people, "Be my slaves besides God, but be Rabbaniyyah, as you teach the Scripture, and as you study it."[49] (Al Imran:79).

4- It emphasises that the prophets and messengers are the pinnacle of limited human perfection.

And you are of great moral character[50]. (Al-Qalam:4).

5- It emphasises that the apostles represent the human example of the human being.

"You have had a good example in the Messenger of Allah for those who hope for Allah and the Last Day and remember Allah often" [51]. (Al-Ahzab :21).

It is not possible to accept a religion whose texts tell us that its prophets were adulterers, murderers, thugs and traitors, nor a religion whose texts are full of treason in its worst sense.

As for the content of the message, it should be characterised by the following:

1- Introducing the Creator God.

The true religion does not describe God with attributes that do not befit His majesty or diminish His destiny, such as coming in the form of a stone or an animal, being born or being born, or having a counterpart from any of His creatures.

...there is nothing like Him, and He is the Hearing and the Seeing[52]. (Shura: 11).

Allah, there is no God but He who is alive and resurrected, whom neither age nor sleep can take away, has what is in the heavens and what is in the earth, and who can intercede with Him except with His permission, knowing what is between their hands and what is behind them, and they cannot encompass any part of His knowledge except what He wills. What is between their hands and what is behind them, and they cannot encompass anything of His knowledge except what He wills, and His Throne has expanded the heavens and the earth, and He is the Most High[53]. (Al-Baqarah:255).

2- Clarify the purpose of existence.

And I have not created the jinn and mankind except to worship me[54]. (Dhariyat: 56).

Say: "I am a human being like yourselves, inspired to me that your God is one God, so whoever hopes to meet his Lord, let him do good deeds and make no one a partner in the worship of his Lord."[55] (Al-Kahf: 110).

3- Religious concepts should be within the limits of human possibilities.

...Allah desires for you ease and does not desire for you hardship...[56]. (Al-Baqarah: 185).

Allah does not charge a soul but what it can do, for she has what she has earned and she has what she has earned...[57] (Al-Baqarah: 57). (Al-Baqarah: 286).

God wants to relieve you of your burden, and man was created weak[58]. (Al-Nisa: 28).

4-Providing rational proof of the validity of the concepts and axioms he presents.

The message must give us clear and sufficient mental proofs to judge the validity of what it says.

The Qur'an not only provides rational evidence and proofs, but also challenges polytheists and atheists to provide proofs of the validity of what they say.

And they said, "No one will enter Paradise except he who is a Jew or a Christian."[59] (Al-Baqarah: 111).

And whoever calls with Allah another god for whom there is no proof, then his reckoning is with his Lord, and the unbelievers will not succeed[60] (Al-Mu'minoon: 117).

Say: See what is in the heavens and the earth, and the signs and warnings will not help those who do not believe[61] (Yunus: 101).

5- There is no contradiction between the religious contents of the message.

"Do they not study the Qur'an, and if it were from other than God, they would find much difference in it."[62] (Al-Nisa: 82).

"It is He Who has sent down to you the Book, of which there are some verses that are unambiguous, which are the Mother of the Book, and others that are ambiguous; but those whose hearts are wandering will follow what is ambiguous from it, seeking to seek its interpretation. Those who are established in knowledge say, "We believe in it all from our Lord"[63] and "There is no remembrance except for those who have the best minds."[63 (Al-Imran: 7).

6- The religious text should not contradict the law of human moral instinct.

"So set your face to the true religion, which is the natural instinct of Allah on which He has instilled mankind - there is no alteration of Allah's creation - this is the righteous religion, but most people do not know it."[64] The Qur'an is the most important religion. (Rum: 30).

"Allah wants to show you and guide you to the laws of those before you and repent you. Allah is all-knowing and all-wise (26) And Allah wants to repent you, but those who follow lusts want you to make a great inclination."[65] (Al-Nisa: 26-27).

7- Religious concepts should not contradict the concepts of material science.

"Did not those who disbelieve see that the heavens and the earth were once a firmament, and we opened them, and made out of water all living things, so they do not believe."[66] (Al-Anbiya: 30).

8- It should not be disconnected from the reality of human life and keep pace with the progress of civilisation.

Say: "Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah, which He has brought forth for His slaves, and the good things of life, Say: These are for those who have believed in this life, exclusive for the Day of Resurrection."[67] This is how we break down the verses for those who know. (Al-A'raf: 32).

9- Valid for all times and places.

"...Today I have completed your religion for you, and I have perfected my grace for you, and I have made Islam a religion for you..."[68]. (Al-Ma'idah:3).

10. The universality of the message.

"O people, I am the Messenger of Allah to all of you, who has the ownership of the heavens and the earth, and there is no god but Him who gives life and death. Believe in Allah and His Messenger, the Ummi Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words, and follow Him, that you may be guided."[69] The Prophet is the one who believes in Allah and His words. (Al-A'raf: 158).

There is such a thing as common sense, or common sense, so whatever is logical and conforms to common sense and correct reason is from God, and whatever is complicated is from humans.

For example:

If a Muslim, Christian, Hindu or any other religion tells us that the universe has one single Creator, who has no partner or child, who does not come to earth in the form of man, animal, stone or idol, and that we must worship Him alone and turn to Him alone in times of trouble, that is indeed the religion of God, but if a Muslim, Christian, Hindu, etc. religious scholar tells us that God incarnates in any form known to humans and that we must worship God and turn to Him through any person, prophet, priest or saint; that is from mankind.

God's religion is clear, logical, and unambiguous. If any cleric wants to convince someone that Muhammad is God and should be worshipped, the cleric will have to make a great effort to convince him of this, and he will never be convinced, because he may ask: How can Muhammad be God when he ate and drank like us? The cleric may end up telling him: You are not convinced because it is a mystery and a vague concept, which you will understand when you meet God, as many people do today in their justification of worshiping Christ, Buddha and others. This example proves that the true religion of God must be free of mysteries, and mysteries can only come from humans.

Everyone is free to pray and worship in God's houses, without having to pay subscriptions to obtain a membership to worship there, but if they are forced to register and pay money at any of the houses of worship to worship, that is human. If a cleric tells them that they should give alms to help people directly, that is the religion of God.

In God's religion, there is no difference between Arab and Ajami, white and black except by piety. If some consider that a particular mosque, church or temple is for whites only and blacks have a separate place, this is human.

Honouring and elevating women, for example, is a command from God, but oppressing women is human. If Muslim women are oppressed in a country, for example, Hindu women are also oppressed, as are Buddhists and Christians in the same country. This is the culture of peoples and has nothing to do with the true religion of God.

For example, any cigar smoker or wine drinker will always tell his children to stay away from drinking and smoking because of his deep conviction of the danger they pose to health and society. When religion forbids alcohol, for example, this is indeed a command of God, but if it comes to forbidding milk, for example, there is no logic to it, as everyone knows that milk is good for health; therefore, religion did not forbid it. It is out of God's mercy and kindness to His creation that He has allowed us to eat what is good and forbidden us to eat what is bad.

The headscarf for women and modesty for men and women, for example, is a command from God, but the details of colours and designs are from humans. The rural atheist Chinese woman and the rural Christian Swiss woman adhere to the headscarf on the basis that modesty is innate.

Terrorism, for example, is widespread in many forms in the world among sects of all religions. There are Christian sects in Africa and all over the world that kill and practice the most horrible types of oppression and violence in the name of religion and in the name of God, and they constitute 4% of the world's Christian population. Those who practice terrorism in the name of Islam constitute 0.0% of the Muslim population, and not only that, but terrorism is also widespread among Buddhist, Hindu, and other religions.

This is how we can differentiate between truth and falsehood before we read any religious book.

The religion of Islam is flexible and comprehensive in all aspects of life, because it is related to the human instinct that God created man on, and this religion is in accordance with the laws of this instinct. Namely:

Belief in one God, who is the Creator, who has no partner, no child, no human, no animal, no idol, no stone, and no trinity. Worship this Creator alone without an intermediary. He is the Creator of the universe and all that it contains, who is not like anything, and humans must worship the Creator alone, by communicating with Him directly when repenting of a sin or asking for help, and not through a priest, saint, or any intermediary. The Lord of the Worlds is more merciful to His creatures than a mother is to her children, and He forgives them whenever they return and repent to Him. The Creator has the right to be worshipped alone, and man has the right to have a direct relationship with his Lord.

The religion of Islam is justified, clear and simple, far from blind belief. Islam does not only address the heart and conscience and rely on them as a basis for belief, but it follows its principles with convincing argument, clear proof, and correct reasoning that owns the minds and takes the way to the hearts, and this was through:

The sending of messengers to answer the innate questions that people have about the purpose of existence, the source of existence, and the destiny after death. In the matter of divinity, evidence is provided from the universe, the soul, and history to prove the existence, oneness, and perfection of God. In the matter of resurrection, evidence is provided for the possibility of creating man, creating the heavens and the earth, and resurrecting the earth after its death, and demonstrating His wisdom through justice in rewarding the good and punishing the bad.

The name Islam reflects a person's relationship with the Lord of the Worlds, and does not represent the name of a person or a place, unlike other religions. For example, but not limited to: Judaism takes its name from Judah, Christianity takes its name from Christ, Hinduism takes its name from the name of the region in which it originated, etc.

Pillars of Faith

The pillars of faith are:

Belief in God: "The firm belief that God is the Lord and King of all things, that He is the Creator alone, that He is the one who deserves worship, humiliation and submission, and that He is characterised by perfect attributes and is free from all imperfection, with commitment and action."[70] The fence of belief in God, Abdul Aziz Al-Rajhi (p. 9).

Belief in angels: Believing in their existence and that they are creatures of light who obey Allah and do not disobey Him.

Belief in the revealed books: It includes every book revealed by Allah (SWT) to every messenger, including the Gospel revealed to Moses, the Torah revealed to Jesus, the Zabur revealed to David, the books of Abraham and Moses,[71] and the Qur'an revealed to Muhammad (PBUH). The original versions of these books contain the message of monotheism, which is to believe in the Creator and worship Him alone, but they were corrupted after the revelation of the Qur'an and the law of Islam.

Belief in prophets and messengers.

Belief in the Last Day: Believing in the Day of Judgement, when God sends people back for judgement and retribution.

Belief in fate and destiny: Believing in God's predetermination of things according to His foreknowledge and wisdom.

The degree of charity comes after faith and is the highest rank in religion, and the meaning of charity is evident in the words of the Prophet, peace be upon him: "Charity is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, He sees you."[72] Hadith of Jibril, reported by Al-Bukhari (4777) and Muslim (9).

Benevolence is the perfection of all actions and deeds for the sake of Allah's face, without material reward or waiting for praise or thanks from humans, and exerting all efforts to achieve this. It is the performance of deeds in such a way that they are in accordance with the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him), purely for the sake of Allah's face, with the intention of approaching Allah, and the improved people in societies are successful role models that inspire others to emulate them in performing good deeds, religious and worldly, for the sake of Allah's face, and this group achieves the development and growth of societies, the prosperity of human life, and the construction and progress of homelands through their hands

Belief in all the messengers sent by God to mankind without distinction is a pillar of the Muslim faith, and his faith is not valid without it. The denial of any messenger or prophet contradicts the fundamentals of religion. All of God's prophets heralded the coming of the Seal of the Prophets, Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. Many of the prophets and messengers sent by God to different nations are mentioned in the Holy Qur'an (e.g. Noah, Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Moses, David, Solomon, Isa, etc.), while others are not mentioned. The possibility that some religious figures in Hinduism and Buddhism (such as Rama, Krishna, and Guatama Buddha) may have been prophets sent by God is not ruled out, but there is no evidence from the Qur'an for it, so Muslims do not believe it for this reason. The differences between the beliefs emerged when peoples revered and worshipped their prophets without God.

"And We have sent messengers before you, some of whom We have narrated to you, and some of whom We have not narrated to you."[73] No messenger could bring a sign except by the permission of Allah, and when the command of Allah came, it was decided with truth, and there was a loss for those who disbelieved. (Ghafir: 78).

" The Messenger believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and the believers believe in God, His angels, His books and His messengers, and we do not differentiate between any of His messengers, and they said, "We have heard and obeyed; we have forgiven you, our Lord, and to you belongs the final destination."[74] The Messenger believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord. (Al-Baqarah: 285).

"Say, 'We believe in Allah and what was revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, the tribes, what was given to Moses and Jesus, and what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We do not differentiate between any of them, and we are Muslims.'"[75] (Al-Baqarah:136).

As for the angels: They are one of God's creations too, but a great creation, created from light, made for goodness, obedient to God's commands, praised and worshipped, never weary or weary.

"They praise day and night without ceasing."[76] (Al-Anbiya: 20).

"...they do not disobey Allah what He has commanded them and do what they are commanded."[77] (Al-Tahrim:6).

The belief in them is common to Muslims, Jews and Christians, including Gabriel, whom God assigned as mediator between Himself and His messengers, who descended with revelation to them, Michael, whose mission is rain and vegetation, and Israfil, whose mission is to blow the images on the Day of Resurrection, and others.

As for the jinn: They live with us on this earth. They are commanded to obey God and are forbidden to disobey Him, just like humans, but we do not see them, and they are created from fire and humans from clay. Allah has mentioned stories that show how powerful and capable the jinn are, including their ability to influence by whispering or suggestion without physical intervention, but they do not know the unseen and cannot harm a believer of strong faith.

"... And the devils will suggest to their proxies to argue with you..."[78] . (Al-An'am: 121).

And the devil: Any rebellious disobedient person, whether human or jinn.

The evidence of existence and phenomena all point to the fact that there is always rebuilding and recreating in life. Examples abound, such as the revival of the earth after its death by rain and others.

God Almighty said:

"He brings forth the living from the dead, and He brings forth the dead from the living, and He revives the earth after its death, and so will you be brought forth."[79] (Rum: 19).

Another proof of the resurrection is the flawless order of the universe, even the infinitesimal electron cannot move from one orbit to another orbit in the atom unless it gives or takes an amount of energy equal to its movement, so how can you imagine in this system that the murderer escapes or the oppressor escapes without accountability or punishment from the Lord of the Worlds.

God Almighty said:

"Do you think that we have created you in vain, and that you will not return to us (115): "Exalted is Allah, the true King; there is no God but He, the Lord of the honourable Throne."[80] (The Believers: 115-116).

"(21) And Allah created the heavens and the earth with truth, so that every soul may be rewarded for what it has earned, and there is no injustice."[81] Allah created the heavens and the earth with truth. (Al-Jathiyah: 21-22).

Don't we realise that in this life we lose many of our relatives and friends and we know that we will die like them one day, but deep down we feel that we will live forever. If the human body were a physical body within a physical life within the framework of physical laws without a soul that is resurrected and judged, there would be no meaning to this innate sense of freedom, a soul that transcends time and transcends death.

God resurrects the dead as He created them the first time.

He said:

"O people, if you are in doubt about the resurrection, We created you from dust, then from an embryo, then from a blastocyst, then from a leech, then from an embryo, both formed and unformed, to show you, and to fix in the wombs what We will until a certain time, and then to bring you out as infants, and then to bring you out as adults. Then you will reach your majority, and some of you will die, and some of you will be sent back to the end of the age, so that you may not know anything beyond knowledge, and you will see the earth stagnant, and if We send water upon it, it shakes and grows and bears fruit of every colourful flower."[82] (Al-Hajj: 5).

(77) And he gave us an example and forgot his own creation, saying, "Who revives the bones when they are ashes?" (78) Say, "Who revives them when they are ashes?"[83] Say, "He revives them who created them the first time, and he is all-knowing."[83 (Yus: 77-79).

"Look at the effects of God's mercy, how He revives the earth after its death, for this is the resurrection of the dead, and He is over all things capable."[84] (Al-Rum:50).

God judges His servants at the same time as He sustains them at the same time.

He said:

"Neither your creation nor your resurrection is like a single breath."[85] Allah is all-hearing and all-seeing. (Luqman: 28).

Everything in the universe is under the control of the Creator, who alone possesses omniscience, absolute knowledge, and the ability and power to bend everything to His will. The sun, planets and galaxies have been working with infinite precision since the beginning of creation, and this same precision and ability applies to the creation of human beings. The harmony that exists between human bodies and their souls shows that it is not possible to make these souls inhabit the bodies of animals, nor can they wander among plants and insects (reincarnation) or even in people. God has endowed man with reason and knowledge and made him a caliph on earth, and has favoured and honoured him and elevated him above many other creatures. It is the wisdom and justice of the Creator that there is a Day of Resurrection in which God will resurrect the creatures and judge them alone, and their fate will be heaven or hell, and all good and bad deeds will be weighed on this day.

God Almighty said:

"Whoever does an ounce of good will see it (7) and whoever does an ounce of evil will see it (8)."[86 (Al-Zalzala: 7-8).

When a person, for example, wants to buy something from the store, and decides to send the first son to buy that thing, because he knows in advance that this child is wise and will go directly to buy exactly what the father wants, knowing that the other child will be busy playing with his peers and wasting money, and this is actually an assumption on which the father has based his judgement.

The knowledge of predestination does not contradict the will to choose, because God knows our actions based on His full knowledge of our intentions and choices. He is the one who created us and knows what is in our hearts in terms of desire for good or evil, knows our intentions and is aware of our actions, and recording this knowledge with Him does not contradict the will to choose. God's knowledge is absolute, and human expectations are right and wrong.

It is possible for a person to behave in a way that is not pleasing to God, but their behaviour will not come against His will. God has given His creatures the will to choose, but their actions, even if they disobey Him, are still within God's will and cannot go against it because He has not given anyone room to override His will.

We cannot force our hearts to accept something we do not want. It is possible to force someone to stay with us under threats and intimidation, but we cannot force that person to love us. God has preserved our hearts from any form of coercion, which is why He judges and rewards us based on our intentions and what is in our hearts.

The purpose of life

The ultimate goal of life is not to enjoy a fleeting sense of happiness; it is to achieve deep inner peace through knowing and worshipping God.

Achieving this divine goal will lead to eternal bliss and true happiness. So, if this is our primary goal, then any problems and troubles will be lessened in order to achieve this end.

Imagine a person who has never experienced any suffering or pain; this person, by virtue of his luxurious life, has forgotten God, and thus has failed to do what he was created to do. Compare this person to someone whose experiences of hardship and pain led them to God and fulfilled their purpose in life. From the perspective of Islamic teachings, a person whose suffering has led them to God is better than one who has never suffered and whose pleasures have led them away from Him.

Every human being strives in this life to achieve a goal or purpose, and the purpose is often based on the belief that he has, and what we find in religion and not in science is the reason or justification for which the human being strives.

Religion clarifies and explains the reason for which man was created and life exists, while science is a means and has no definition of intention or purpose.

What people fear most when turning to religion is that they will be deprived of the pleasures of life. There is a widespread belief among people that religion necessarily means isolation, and that everything is forbidden except what is permitted by religion.

This is a mistake that many people have made and has alienated them from religion. The Islamic religion came to correct the concept, which is that the origin is halal for humans and that the taboos and limits are enumerated and no one disagrees with them.

Religion calls on the individual to integrate with all members of society and to balance the requirements of the soul and body with the rights of others.

One of the biggest challenges facing societies that are far from religion is how to deal with the evil and bad behaviours of human beings. The most severe punishments are imposed to deter those with deviant souls.

"He who created death and life in order to test which of you is the best worker..."[87]. (King 2:2).

The exam is designed to differentiate students into ranks and grades as they embark on their new working life. Despite its brevity, the exam determines the student's fate towards the new life he is about to embark on. Similarly, the worldly life, despite its brevity, is a place of testing and examination for human beings, so that they may be distinguished by grades and ranks as they move on to the life hereafter. Man comes out of this world by his deeds, not by material things. Man must understand and realise that he must work in this world for the sake of the hereafter and for the sake of the reward in the hereafter.

Happiness is achieved by surrendering to God, obeying Him, and being satisfied with His judgement and destiny.

Many claim that everything is intrinsically meaningless, and therefore we are free to find meaning for ourselves in order to have a fulfilling life. Denying the purpose of our existence is actually self-deception. It is as if we are saying to ourselves, "Let's assume or pretend that we have a purpose in this life." It's like children pretending to be doctors and nurses or mothers and fathers. We will not achieve happiness unless we know our purpose in life.

If a person was placed against his will on a luxury train and found himself in first class, a luxurious and comfortable experience, the height of luxury. Would he be happy on this journey without getting answers to questions such as: How did you get on the train? What is the purpose of the journey? If these questions remain unanswered, how can he be happy? Even if he starts enjoying all the luxuries at his disposal, he will never achieve true and meaningful happiness. Is the delicious meal on this trip enough to make him forget these questions? This kind of happiness will be temporary and false, achieved only by deliberately ignoring the answers to these important questions, like a false state of drunken ecstasy that leads its owner to perish. Thus, true human happiness will not be realised until the answers to these existential questions are found.

Religious tolerance

Yes, Islam is available to everyone. Every child is born with the right instinct to worship God without an intermediary (Muslim). Without the intervention of parents, school or any religious body, he or she worships God directly, until the age of puberty, when he or she becomes charged and accountable for his or her actions, at which point he or she either takes Jesus as a mediator between him or her and God and becomes a Christian, or takes Buddha as a mediator and becomes a Buddhist, or Krishna and becomes a Hindu, or takes Muhammad as a mediator to deviate from Islam completely, or stays with the religion of instinct and worships God alone. Following the message of Muhammad (peace be upon him) that he received from his Lord is the true religion that corresponds to the natural instinct, and everything else is a deviation, even if it is taking Muhammad as a mediator between man and God.

"Every child is born on instinct, and his parents will make him a Jew, a Nazarene, or a Christian."[88] (Sahih Muslim).

The true religion that came from the Creator is only one religion and no more, which is to believe in and worship the One and Only Creator, and everything else is an invention of mankind. It is enough for us to visit the country of India, for example, and say among the masses: The Creator God is one, everyone would answer with one voice: Yes, yes, the Creator is one. This is indeed what is written in their books [89], but they disagree and quarrel, and may slaughter each other on a basic point, namely: The image and form in which God comes to earth. For example, the Indian Christian says: God is one, but He is embodied in three persons (Father, Son and Holy Spirit), and the Hindu Indian says: God comes in the form of an animal, a human being or an idol. In Hinduism: (Chandogya Upanishad 6:1-2) "He is only one God who has no second." (Vedas, Sveta Svatara Upanishad: 4:19, 4:20, 6:9). "God is neither father nor master." "He cannot be seen, no one sees Him with the eye." "There is no likeness of Him." (Yajurveda 40:9). "They enter darkness, those who worship the natural elements (air, water, fire, etc.). They plunge into darkness, those who worship sambhuti (handmade objects such as idols, stone, etc.)...In Christianity (Christianity): (Matthew 4:10)." Then Jesus said to him: "Go, Satan, for it is written: Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God and him alone." (Exodus 20:3-5). "You shall have no other gods before me. Thou shalt not make unto thee a graven image, nor a graven image of that which is in heaven above, and that which is in the earth beneath, and that which is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or worship them, for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God; I will visit the iniquity of the fathers on the children in the third and fourth generation of those who hate me."

For example, Catholicism, Protestant and other sects, and Hinduism differ on how to communicate with the Creator, not on the concept of the existence of the Creator Himself. If they all worshipped God directly, they would be unified.

For example, at the time of Prophet Ibrahim, peace be upon him, whoever worshipped the Creator alone was on the religion of Islam, which is the true religion, but whoever took a priest or saint between him and the Creator was on the wrong path. The followers of Abraham, peace be upon him, had to worship God alone, and testify that there is no god but God, and that Abraham is the messenger of God. Abraham's followers had to accept the new prophet and testify that there is no god but God and that Moses and Abraham were God's messengers. Those who worshipped the calf at that time, for example, were in error.

When Jesus came to confirm the message of Moses, peace be upon him, the followers of Moses had to believe and follow Jesus, and testify that there is no god but God, and that Jesus, Moses and Abraham are messengers of God. Whoever believed in the Trinity and worshipped Christ and his mother, Mary, was in error.

When Muhammad came to confirm the message of the previous prophets, the followers of Christ and Moses had to accept the new prophet and testify that there is no god but God and that Muhammad, Christ, Moses and Abraham are messengers of God. Whoever worships Muhammad or begs him or seeks help from him is in error.

Islam believes in the origins of the divine religions that preceded it and extended to its time, and which were brought by the prophets appropriate to their time. As the need changes, a new phase of the new religion is introduced that agrees in its origin and differs in the law in accordance with the needs, with the later believing the former in the origin of monotheism, and by taking the path of dialogue, the believer has grasped the truth of the unity of the source of the Creator's message.

Interfaith dialogue must start from this basic concept to emphasise the concept of the one true religion and the invalidity of everything else.

Dialogue has existential and faith-based fundamentals and premises that make it imperative for humans to respect them and proceed from them to communicate with others, because the purpose of dialogue is to get rid of fanaticism and whims, which are projections of blind neurotic affiliations that prevent humans from the truth of pure monotheism and lead to clashes and destruction, as is our current reality.

The Islamic religion is based on invitation, tolerance and arguing with good judgement.

God Almighty said:

"Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good exhortation, and argue with them with that which is best, for your Lord knows best those who have strayed from His way, and He knows best those who are guided."[90] (Al-Nahl:125).

As the Holy Qur'an is the last of the divine books and the Prophet Muhammad is the last prophet, the final law of Islam opens the way for everyone to dialogue and discuss the foundations and principles of religion. The principle of no compulsion in religion is guaranteed under the Islamic religion, and no one is forced to believe in the common sense of Islam, within the limits of respecting the sanctities of others and fulfilling their obligations to the state in exchange for remaining in their religion and providing them with security and protection.

For example, the Umayyad Covenant, a book written by Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to the people of Elijah (Jerusalem) when the Muslims conquered it in 638 AD, in which they secured their churches and property. The Omarite Covenant is considered one of the most important documents in the history of Jerusalem.

"In the name of Allah, from 'Umar ibn al-Khattab to the people of the city of Elijah, they are safe for their blood, their children, their property and their churches, which shall not be destroyed or inhabited" [91]. Ibn al-Batriq: Al-Tarikh al-Tajam al-Taqleef wa al-Tadiqa, c. 2, p. (147).

While Caliph Umar was dictating this covenant, it was time to pray, so Patriarch Sophronius invited him to pray where he is in the Church of the Resurrection, but the Caliph refused and said: I fear that if you pray in it, the Muslims will overpower you and say that here Amir al-Mu'minin prayed."[92] History of al-Tabari and Mujir al-Din al-Alimi al-Maqdisi.

Islam respects and honours covenants and agreements with non-Muslims, but it is harsh on traitors and breakers of covenants and agreements and forbids Muslims from supporting such deceivers.

"O you who have believed, do not take those who have taken your religion as a mockery and a game from those who have received the Book before you and the infidels as friends, and fear Allah if you are believers."[93] (Al-Ma'idah:57).

The Qur'an is clear and explicit in more than one place about not favouring those who fight Muslims and drive them out of their homes.

"Allah does not forbid you from those who have not fought you in religion and have not driven you out of your homes to be charitable and just to them, for Allah loves those who are just (8). Allah forbids you from those who have fought you in religion, who have driven you out of your homes, and who have persisted in expelling you from your homes, that you should turn your back on them, and whoever turns his back on them, those are the ones who are unjust."[94] (Al-Mumtana: 8-9).

The Qur'an praises the monotheists of the nation of Jesus and Moses, peace be upon them, in their time.

(113) They believe in God and the Last Day, command what is good, forbid what is evil, hasten to do good, and are among the righteous."[95] "They are not equal among the People of the Scripture. (Al Imran:113-114).

"And of the People of the Scripture are those who believe in Allah and what has been revealed to you and what has been revealed to them, who fear Allah and do not buy the signs of Allah for a small price." [96]. (Al-Imran:199).

"Whoever believes in Allah, the Hereafter and the Last Day, and does good deeds, they have their reward with their Lord, and there is no fear for them, nor do they grieve."[97] (Al-Baqarah:62).

The Islamic concept of enlightenment is based on a firm foundation of faith and science, which combines the enlightenment of the mind with the enlightenment of the heart, with faith in God first, and with science, which is inseparable from faith.

The concept of the European Enlightenment has been transferred to Islamic societies like other Western concepts. Enlightenment in the Islamic sense does not rely on the abstract mind that is not guided by the light of faith, and equally, one's faith is useless if he does not use his God-given gift of reason in thinking, reflecting, pondering and managing things in a way that achieves the public interest that benefits people and remains on the earth.

In the dark Middle Ages, Muslims restored the light of civilisation that had been extinguished in all the countries of the West and East, including Constantinople.

The Enlightenment movement in Europe was a natural reaction to the tyranny exercised by ecclesiastical authorities against reason and the human will, a situation unknown to Islamic civilisation.

God Almighty said:

"Allah is the Guardian of those who believe, bringing them out of the darkness into the light; and those who disbelieve, their guardians are the oppressors, bringing them out of the light into the darkness; those are the companions of the fire, in which they are eternal" [98]. (Al-Baqarah:257).

When we reflect on these Qur'anic verses, we find that it is the divine will that brings man out of the darkness. This is the divine guidance of man, which can only take place with God's permission, because a person who is brought out of the darkness of ignorance, polytheism and superstition into the light of faith, science and true knowledge is a person whose mind, insight and conscience are enlightened.

Just as God Almighty has referred to the Holy Qur'an as light.

"...you have received from God a light and a clear book."[99] (Al-Ma'idah: 15).

God revealed the Qur'an to His Prophet Muhammad and the Torah and the Gospel (unaltered) to His Messengers Moses and Jesus, to lead people out of darkness into light, thus making guidance linked to light.

God Almighty said:

"We have sent down the Torah, in which is guidance and light..." [100]. (Al-Ma'idah: 44).

"...And We gave him the Gospel, in which is guidance and light, and a confirmation of what was before him of the Torah, and a guide and exhortation for the pious."[101] (Al-Ma'idah: 46).

There is no guidance without light from God, and there is no light that illuminates a person's heart and illuminates his life without God's permission.

God Almighty said:

"God is the Light of the heavens and the earth..."[102]. (Al-Noor: 35).

Here we note that light is singular in the Qur'an in all cases, while darkness is plural, and this is the most accurate description of these conditions [103].

From the article Enlightenment in Islam. Dr Al-Tuwaijri.

Islam's position on pantheistic theories

Some of Darwin's followers who considered natural selection (an irrational physical process), a unique creative force that solves all difficult evolutionary problems without any real empirical basis, later discovered the complexity of design in the structure and function of bacterial cells, and started using terms such as "intelligent" bacteria, "microbial intelligence", "decision-making" and "problem-solving bacteria". Bacteria became their new god[104].

The Almighty Creator has made it clear in His Book and on the tongue of His Messenger that these actions attributed to bacterial intelligence are by the action, wisdom and will of the Lord of the Worlds and in accordance with His will.

God Almighty said:

"Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is over all things."[105] (Al-Zamar: 62).

"Who created the seven heavens in a straight line; what you see in the creation of the Most Merciful is no difference, so turn your eyes back and see if you see any difference."[106] (Al-Mulk: 3).

He also said:

"We have created everything with a destiny."[107] (Al-Qamar:49).

Design, fine-tuning, coded language, intelligence, intention, complex systems, interconnected laws, etc. are terms that atheists have attributed to randomness and chance, although they have never admitted it. Scientists refer to the Creator by other names (Mother Nature, laws of the universe, natural selection, Darwin's theory, etc...), in desperate attempts to escape the logic of religion and the belief in a Creator.

God Almighty said:

"They are but names that you and your fathers have named, which God has not given them any authority, for they follow nothing but belief and what their souls desire, and they have received guidance from their Lord."[108] (Al-Najm:23).

Using any name other than "God" takes away some of His absolute attributes and raises more questions. For example:

To avoid mentioning God, the creation of universal laws and complex interconnected systems is attributed to random nature, and human insight and intelligence are attributed to a blind and foolish origin.

Islam rejects this idea completely, and the Qur'an explains that God distinguished Adam from all other creatures by creating him independently in order to honour man, and to fulfil the wisdom of the Lord of the Worlds in making him a caliph on earth.

Darwin's followers consider the believer in the existence of a creator to be a backward human being because he believed in something he did not see, even though the believer believes in what elevates him, and they believe in what degrades and degrades them. In any case, why haven't the rest of the apes evolved to become human beings?

A theory is a set of hypotheses, and these hypotheses come from observing or reflecting on a certain phenomenon, and these hypotheses require successful experiments, or direct observation that proves the validity of the hypothesis, if one of the hypotheses belonging to the theory cannot be proven either by experiment or by direct observation, then the theory is completely reconsidered.

If we take an example of evolution that happened more than 60,000 years ago, the theory would not make sense, and if we don't see it or observe it, there is no way to accept this argument. If it is observed in recent times that the beaks of birds have changed their shape in some species, but they remain birds, then according to this theory birds must have evolved into another species."Chapter 7: Oller and Omdahl."Chapter 7: Oller and Omdahl. Moreland, J. P. The Creation Hypothesis: Scientific

The truth is that the idea that man was originally an ape or evolved from an ape was never Darwin's idea, but he did say: That man and ape go back to one common and unknown origin, which he called (the missing link), which underwent a special evolution and turned into man, (and although Muslims reject Darwin's words completely), he did not say, as some people think, that the ape is the ancestor of man: The ape is the ancestor of man. Darwin himself, the author of this theory, proved that he had many doubts, and he wrote many letters to his colleagues expressing his doubts and regrets [109]. The Autobiography of Darwin - London edition: Collins, 1958, pp. 92, 93.

It has been proven that Darwin believed in the existence of God,[110] but the idea of man being of animal origin came from Darwin's future followers when they added it to his theory, and they are already atheists. Of course, Muslims know for sure that God honoured Adam and made him a caliph on earth, and it is not appropriate for this caliph to be of animal origin or something similar.

Science provides convincing evidence for the concept of evolution from a common origin, which is mentioned in the Quran.

God Almighty said:

"And We made out of water everything that lives, so that they may not believe."[111] (Al-Anbiya :30).

For example, sheep in cold countries have a certain shape and skins that protect them from the cold, and the wool increases or decreases according to the temperature of the atmosphere, and other countries are otherwise, so the shapes and types differ according to the environment, and even human beings differ in their colours, qualities, tongues and shapes, as no human being is similar to another, but they remain human beings who do not change into another type of animal. The Almighty has said:

"And among His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the difference of your tongues and colours, for there are signs for those who know."[112] (Rum: 22).

"Allah created every animal from water; some of them walk on their stomachs, some of them walk on two legs, and some of them walk on four; Allah creates what He wills; Allah is all-powerful over all things."[113] (Al-Nur:45).

The theory of evolution, which seeks to deny the existence of a Creator, states that all living organisms, animals and plants have a common origin, that they evolved from a single-celled organism, and that the formation of the first cell was the result of the combination of amino acids in water, which in turn formed the first structure of DNA, which carries the genetic characteristics of the organism. The combination of these amino acids formed the first structure of the living cell. As a result of various environmental and external factors that led to the multiplication of these cells, which formed the first sperm, then evolved into a leech and then evolved into an embryo.

As we can see, these stages are very similar to the stages of human creation in the mother's womb. However, organisms stop growing, and the organism is moulded according to its genetic traits carried on the DNA. For example, frogs complete their growth and remain frogs. Similarly, every organism develops according to its genetic traits.

Even if we include the issue of genetic mutations and their effect on genetic traits in the emergence of new organisms, this does not refute the Creator's ability and will. However, atheists say that this is done randomly. However, we believe that the theory emphasises that these stages of evolution can only take place and proceed with the intention and management of an omniscient expert. Thus, it is possible to adopt the concept of guided evolution, or divine evolution, which accepts biological evolution and rejects randomness, and that there must be a wise and capable scientist behind evolution, that is, we can accept evolution but reject Darwinism completely. The great palaeontologist and biologist Stephen Joule said: "Either one half of my colleagues are incredibly stupid or Darwinism is full of concepts that go hand in hand with religion."

The Qur'an corrects the concept of evolution by recounting the story of Adam's creation:

Man was nothing:

"Has a time come upon man when he was not a thing to be remembered?" [114]. (Al-Human:1).

The creation of Adam started from clay:

"We have created man from a chain of clay" [115]. (Al-Mu'minoon: 12).

"Who has perfected all things that He has created, and began the creation of man from clay" [116]. (Al-Sajda: 7).

"The parable of Jesus in the sight of Allah is like the parable of Adam, whom He created from dust, and then said to him, 'Be and it shall be'"[117]. (Al-Imran: 59).

Honouring Adam, the father of mankind:

He said, "O Iblis, what prevented you from prostrating yourself to what I created with my own hands, did you become arrogant or were you of the high ones?"[118] (p. 75).

The honour of Adam, the father of mankind, was not only that he was created independently from clay, but that he was created directly by the hands of the Lord of the Worlds, as indicated in the Holy Verse, and his request to the angels to prostrate to Adam in obedience to God.

"When We said to the angels, 'Prostrate yourselves to Adam,' and they prostrated themselves, except for Iblis, who refused and became arrogant and was one of the disbelievers."[119] (Al-Baqarah: 34).

The creation of Adam's offspring:

"Then he made his offspring from a string of water."[120] (Al-Sajda: 8).

"(13) Then We made him a sperm in a safe place. (13) Then We formed the sperm into a leech, and We formed the leech into a mummy, and We formed the mummy into bones, and We clothed the bones with flesh, and then created another creation."[121] Blessed be God, the best of creators. (Al-Mu'minoon 13-14).

"And it is He who created out of water a human being, and made him a son-in-law and a son-in-law, and your Lord is mighty." [122]. (Al-Furqan 54).

Honouring the descendants of Adam:

"We have honoured the children of Adam and carried them on land and sea and provided them with good things and gave them preference over many of those we have created."[123] (Al-Isra': 70).

We note here the similarity in the stages of Adam's offspring's development (humiliating water, embryo, leech, embryo...) and the evolutionary theory of the origin and reproduction of living organisms.

"He has made for you from yourselves spouses, and from the cattle spouses, and He enriches you therein; there is nothing like Him, and He is the all-hearing and all-seeing."[124] (Shura: 11).

God made Adam's offspring start from humble water to signify the unity of the source of creation and the oneness of the Creator, and that He distinguished Adam from other creatures by creating him independently to honour man and to fulfil the wisdom of the Lord of the Worlds in making him a caliph on earth. The creation of Adam without a father or mother is also to signify the fluency of the Almighty, and he gave another example in the creation of Jesus without a father to be a miracle of the fluency of the Almighty and a sign to the people.

"The parable of Jesus in the sight of Allah is like the parable of Adam, whom He created from dust and then said to him, 'Be and it shall be'"[125]. (Al-Imran: 59).

What many try to deny with the theory of evolution is evidence against them.

For example, no matter how many different concepts and perceptions people have about the means of transport used by a person who owns a black car, for example, it does not negate the fact that he owns a black car, and if the whole world believes that this person's car is red, this belief does not make it red, there is only one truth, which is that it is a black car.

The multiplicity of concepts and perceptions about the truth of something does not negate the existence of one fixed truth for that thing.

No matter how many perceptions and concepts people have about the origin of existence, this does not negate the existence of one reality, which is the one and only Creator God, who has no image known to humans and has no partner or child. If the whole world wants to adopt that the Creator is embodied in the image of an animal, for example, or a human being, this does not make him so, God is exalted above that.

It is illogical for the conviction of a human being governed by his whim to decide whether rape is evil or not, but it is clear that in rape itself there is a violation of human rights and a violation of his value and freedom, and this indicates that rape is evil, as well as homosexuality, which is a violation of cosmic laws, and extramarital relationships. What is right is right, even if the whole world agrees that it is invalid, and what is wrong is as clear as the sun, even if all human beings recognise its validity.

Similarly, if we admit that each era should write history from its own point of view, because each era's assessment of what is important and meaningful to it differs from the assessment of the other era, but this does not make history relative. This does not negate the fact that events have a single truth, whether we like it or not, and human history, which is subject to distortion and inaccuracy of events and based on whims, is not the same as the history of the Lord of the Worlds, which is extremely accurate, past, present and future.

The statement that there is no absolute truth espoused by many is itself a belief about what is right and wrong, and they try to impose it on others, they adopt a standard of behaviour and force everyone else to adhere to it, thereby violating the very thing they claim to uphold - a self-contradictory position.

The evidence for the existence of absolute truth is as follows:

Conscience is the set of ethical guidelines that constrain human behaviour, evidence that the world works in a certain way and that there is right and wrong. These moral principles are social commitments, which cannot be disputed or become the subject of a public referendum. They are social truths that are indispensable to society in their content and meaning, for example: Disrespecting parents or stealing is always seen as abhorrent behaviour and cannot be justified as honesty or respect. This is generally true in all cultures at all times.

Science: Science is the realisation of things as they really are, it is knowledge and certainty, so science is necessarily based on the belief that there are objective facts in the world that can be discovered and proven. What can be studied if there are no established facts? And how does one know if scientific findings are true? In fact, the very rules of science are built on the existence of absolute truths.

Religion: All the world's religions provide a conceptualisation, meaning and definition of life, as a result of man's urgent desire for answers to his deepest questions. Through religion, man searches for his source and destination, and for the inner peace that can only be achieved by obtaining these answers. The very existence of religion is proof that man is more than just an evolved animal, that there is a higher purpose to life, and that there is a Creator who created us for wisdom and planted in man's heart a desire to know Him. In fact, the existence of the Creator is the standard of absolute truth.

Logic: All human beings have limited knowledge and limited minds, so it is logically impossible to make negative absolute statements. A person cannot logically say: "There is no God," because in order to make such a statement, one must have absolute knowledge of the entire universe from beginning to end. Since this is impossible, the most a person can logically do is to say: "With the limited knowledge I have, I do not believe in the existence of God."

Compatibility: Denial of absolute truth leads to:

Contradiction with the certainty of our conscience and life experiences and with reality.

There is no right or wrong to anything in existence. If it were right for me to ignore traffic rules, for example, I would endanger the lives of those around me. So there is a clash of standards of right and wrong among human beings. It is therefore impossible to be certain about anything.

Human beings have absolute freedom to commit as many offences as they like.

The impossibility of making laws or achieving justice.

With absolute freedom, man becomes an ugly creature, and it has been proven beyond any doubt that he is incapable of withstanding such freedom. Wrong behaviour is wrong, even if the world agrees that it is right, and the only true fact is that morality is not relative and does not change with time or place.

Order: The absence of absolute truth leads to chaos.

For example, if the law of gravity were not a scientific fact, we would not trust that we are standing or sitting in the same place until we move again. We wouldn't trust that the sum of one and one is two every time, and the impact on civilisation would be serious. The laws of science and physics would be irrelevant, and it would be impossible for people to buy and sell.

The parable of human beings on planet Earth floating in space is like passengers from different cultures gathered on board an aeroplane on a journey of unknown direction and unknown leader, who are forced to serve themselves and endure the troubles on board.

One of the crew received a message from the pilot explaining why they were there, where they were taking off and where they were going, his personal characteristics and how to contact him directly.

The first passenger said: Yes, it is obvious that the aeroplane has a captain and he is merciful because he sent this person to answer our questions.

The second one said: The aeroplane has no captain and I don't believe in an envoy: We came from nothing and we are here without purpose.

The third one said: No one brought us here, we were randomly grouped together.

The fourth one said: The aircraft has a commander, but the envoy is the commander's son, and the commander has come in the form of his son to live among us.

The fifth said: The plane has a captain, but he did not send anyone a message, the captain of the plane comes in the form of everything to live among us, there is no final destination for our journey and we will stay on the plane.

The sixth one said: There is no leader and I want to take for myself a symbolic imaginary leader.

The seventh one said: The commander is there, but he put us on the plane and got busy, and no longer interfered in our affairs or those of the aircraft.

Eighth said: The leader exists and I respect his envoy, but we don't need laws on board to determine whether an action is good or bad. We want references in dealing with each other that belong to our own whims and desires, so we do what makes us happy.

The ninth said: The Commander is there and he is my Commander, and all of you are here to serve me. You will not reach your destination in any case.

The tenth said: The existence of the leader is relative, he exists for those who believe in his existence, and does not exist for those who deny his existence, and each of the passengers' perceptions of this leader, the purpose of the flight, and the way the passengers of the aircraft deal with each other are correct.

We understand from this fictional story that it gives a glimpse of the actual human perceptions that currently exist on planet Earth about the origin of existence and the purpose of life:

It is axiomatic that an aircraft has a single pilot who knows the controls and leads it from one destination to another for a specific purpose, and no one will dispute this axiom.

A person who denies the existence of the pilot or has multiple perceptions of the pilot is the one who is required to provide an explanation and clarification and whose perception may be right or wrong.

If we apply this symbolic example to the reality of the existence of the Creator, we find that the multiplicity of theories of the origin of existence does not negate the existence of one absolute truth, viz:

The One and Only Creator God, who has no partner or child, is independent of His creation and does not appear in the form of any of them, so if the whole world wants to adopt the idea that the Creator is embodied in the form of an animal or a human being, this does not make Him so, and God is far above that.

The Creator God is just, and one of His justice is to reward and punish, and to be related to human beings. He would not be God if He created them and left them alone, so He sends messengers to them to show them the way and inform people of His approach, which is to worship Him and resort to Him alone without a priest, saint or any intermediary. He deserves reward for those who follow this path and punishment for those who deviate from it, and this is represented in the Hereafter in the bliss of Paradise and the torment of Hell.

This is called the religion of Islam, which is the true religion that the Creator has chosen for His servants.

Wouldn't a Christian consider a Muslim to be a disbeliever, for example, because he does not believe in the doctrine of the Trinity, which he will not enter the Kingdom unless he believes in it? The word disbelief means denying the truth, and the truth for a Muslim is monotheism, and for a Christian it is the Trinity.

The Final Book

The Qur'an is the last book sent by the Lord of the Worlds, as Muslims believe in all the books that were sent before the Qur'an (the Books of Abraham, the Zabur, the Torah and the Gospel...etc.) Muslims believe that the true message of all books was pure monotheism (belief in God and singling Him out for worship), but unlike the previous heavenly books, the Qur'an was not monopolised by a certain group or sect without others, there are no different versions of it, nor has any change been made to it, but is one copy for all Muslims. The text of the Qur'an is still in its original language (Arabic), without any change, distortion or alteration, and is still preserved as it is to this day, and will remain so, as the Lord of the Worlds has promised to preserve it. It is in the hands of all Muslims and kept in the chests of many of them, and that the current translations of the Qur'an in multiple languages that are in circulation among people are only translations of the meanings of the Qur'an. The Lord of the Worlds challenged the Arabs and non-Arabs to come up with such a Quran, knowing that the Arabs at that time were masters of eloquence, statement and poetry, but they realised that this Quran could not be from anyone other than God. This challenge remained for more than fourteen centuries and no one was able to do so, which is one of the greatest proofs that it is from God.

If the Qur'an was written by the Jews, they would have been the quickest to claim it for themselves. Did the Jews at the time of the revelation claim this?

Then let us look at the testimony of non-Muslims that the Qur'an is distinct from other books, that it is inhuman, and that it contains scientific miracles. When the owner of a belief recognises the validity of the doctrine that contradicts him, it is the greatest proof of its validity. It is one message from the Lord of the Worlds and should be one. Prophet Muhammad's revelations are not evidence of his fraud, but of his truthfulness. God challenged the then eloquent Arabs and non-Arabs to come up with even a single verse like it and they failed, and the challenge still stands.

Ancient civilisations were full of myths and legends. How could an illiterate prophet growing up in a desolate desert copy from these civilisations only what was true and leave the myths behind?

There are thousands of languages and dialects in the world, and if it was revealed in one of these languages, people would wonder why not the other. God sends the messenger in the language of his people, and God Almighty chose his messenger Muhammad to be the Seal of the Messengers, and the language of the Qur'an was in the language of his people, and he preserved it from distortion until the Day of Judgement, just as he chose Aramaic for the Book of Christ.

God Almighty said:

"We have not sent any messenger except in the language of his people to make it clear to them..."[126](Ibrahim:4).

Naskh and Mansukh is a development in the provisions of legislation, such as the cessation of a previous ruling, the substitution of a later ruling, the restriction of the absolute, or the release of the restricted, which is a common occurrence in previous laws and since the time of Adam. The marriage of brother and sister was a benefit in the time of Adam, peace be upon him, and then became a harm in all other laws; the permissibility of work on Saturday was a benefit in the law of Abraham, peace be upon him and before him, and in all other laws, and then became a harm in the law of Moses, peace be upon him; God ordered the Israelites to kill themselves after they worshipped the calf, and then removed this ruling from them after that, and many other examples, replacing one ruling with another in the same law or between one law and another law, as we mentioned in the previous examples.

For example, a doctor who starts treating his patient with a certain medicine and over time increases or decreases the dosage of the medicine as a gradual progression in the treatment of his patient is considered wise. Likewise, the existence of naskh and mansukh in Islamic rulings is the wisdom of the Great Creator.

The Prophet left the Qur'an in the hands of the Companions to recite and teach it to others, and when Abu Bakr - may Allah be pleased with him - assumed the caliphate, he ordered the collection of these papers to be in one place and can be referred to. During the reign of 'Uthman, he ordered the burning of the copies and journals that were in the hands of the companions in different dialects and sent them new copies identical to the original copy left by the Prophet and collected by Abu Bakr, in order to ensure that all countries refer to the same original and only copy left by the Prophet.

The Qur'an has remained unchanged, and has always been with Muslims throughout the ages, circulating it among them and reciting it in prayers.

Islam does not contradict empirical science, and many Western scientists who did not believe in God came to the inevitability of the existence of the Creator through their scientific discoveries, which led them to this truth. Islam favours reason and intellect and calls for meditation and reflection on the universe.

Islam calls upon all human beings to contemplate the signs of God and the splendour of His creation, to walk the earth, to look at the universe, to use reason and logic, and even to revisit more than once the horizons and within oneself, one will inevitably find the answers they are looking for and will find themselves believing in the existence of a Creator. He will eventually come to the conclusion that Islam calls for, that there is no god but God.

God Almighty said:

"Who created the seven heavens in a straight line - what you see in the creation of the Merciful is no difference - so turn your eyes back, do you see any breakthrough (3) Then turn your eyes back twice, and your eyes will turn back to you while you are sad"[127]. (Al-Malik:3-4).

"We will show them Our signs in the horizons and in their souls until it becomes clear to them that it is the truth." [128] Or is it not sufficient for your Lord that He is over all things a witness? (Faslat:53).

"In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the difference of night and day, and the vessels that run on the sea for the benefit of men, and what Allah has sent down from the sky from water, by which He has made the earth alive after its death, and has sown therein every kind of animal, and the direction of the winds and the clouds between heaven and earth are signs for those who understand." [129] This is a sign to those who understand. (Al-Baqarah:164).

"He has made for you the night and the day, the sun and the moon, and the stars, which are moulded by His command." [130] This is indeed a sign for wise people. (Al-Nahl:12).

"And the heavens we have built with hands, and we are not expansive."[131] (Dhariyat:47).

"Have you not seen that Allah sent down water from the sky, and it flows into the earth, and then brings forth crops of different colours, and then it waxes hot, and you see it yellowed, and then it becomes ashes, and then it becomes debris." [132] This is for the remembrance of those who have the best minds. (Al-Zamar:21). The water cycle as discovered by modern science today was described 500 years ago. Before that, people believed that water came from the ocean and penetrated the land, thus forming springs and groundwater. It was also believed that moisture in the soil condensed and formed water. The Qur'an categorically explained how water was formed 1400 years ago.

"Did not those who disbelieve see that the heavens and the earth were once a firmament, and we opened them up, and made out of water everything that lives, and do they not believe?"[133]. (Al-Anbiya:30). Only modern science has been able to discover that life was formed in water and that the primary component of the first cell is water. This information was unknown to non-Muslims, as was the balance in the plant kingdom. It was revealed in the Qur'an to prove that Prophet Muhammad does not speak from the heart.

"We have created man from a clay (12), then we made him a sperm in a secure place (13), then we made the sperm into a leech, then we made the leech into a mummy, then we made the mummy into bones, then we made the bones into flesh, then we made the bones into flesh, then we created another creation, and blessed be Allah, the best of creators."[134] Allah is the best of creators. (The Believers:12-14). Keith Moore, a Canadian scientist, is one of the most prominent anatomists and embryologists in the world, with a prestigious scientific journey through many universities, and has chaired several international scientific societies, such as the Society of Anatomists and Embryologists of Canada and America, and the Council of the Biosciences Consortium. He has been elected to the Royal Medical Society of Canada, the International Academy of Cell Sciences, the American Federation of Anatomists, and the Federation of the Americas in Anatomy. In 1980, Keith Moore converted to Islam after reading the Qur'an and the verses dealing with the formation of the embryo, which preceded all modern science: I was invited to attend the International Conference on Scientific Miracles held in Moscow in the late 1970s, and while some Muslim scientists were reviewing cosmic verses, specifically the Almighty saying: "He directs the matter from heaven to earth and then returns to Him in a day that was a thousand years of what you are counting," Surat Al-Sajda: Verse 5". Muslim scholars continued to recite other verses about the formation of the foetus and the human being, and as I was very interested in knowing other verses of the Qur'an more broadly, I continued to listen. These verses were a strong response to everyone and had a special impact on me, as I began to feel that this is what I want, and I have been searching for it for many years through laboratories and research and using modern technology, but what the Qur'an came up with was comprehensive and complete before technology and science.

"O mankind, if you are in doubt about the resurrection, We created you from dust, then from an embryo, then from a blastocyst, then from a leech, then from an embryo, both formed and unformed, to show you; and We fix in the wombs what We will until a named time, and then We bring you out as infants, and then so that you may attain your old age. Then you shall reach your majority; and of you is one of you who dies, and of you is one of you who is sent back to the end of the age, that he may not know anything beyond knowledge."[135] And you see the earth stagnant, and if We send water upon it, it shakes and grows and bears fruit of every bright flower. (Al-Hajj:5). This is the exact cycle of embryonic development as discovered by modern science.

The Final Prophet

The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is: Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdulmuttalib ibn Hashim, from the Arab tribe of Quraysh, who lived in Mecca, and is a descendant of Ishmael ibn Ibrahim al-Khalil.

As stated in the Old Testament, God promised to bless Ishmael and bring forth a great nation from his offspring.

"And as for Ishmael, I have heard you in him, behold, I will bless him and make him fruitful and multiply him very much, twelve heads, he shall bring forth and make him a great nation."[136] (Old Testament, Genesis 17:20).

This is one of the biggest proofs that Ishmael was the legitimate son of Abraham. (Old Testament, Genesis 16:11).

"And the angel of the Lord said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son, and shalt call his name Ishmael: for the Lord hath heard thy humiliation." [137] (Old Testament, Genesis 16:3).

"And Sarah, the wife of Abraham, took Hagar the Egyptian, her slave, after ten years of Abraham's sojourn in the land of Canaan, and gave her to Abraham as his wife."[138]

The Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca, his father died before he was born, his mother died when he was a small child and he was sponsored by his grandfather, then his grandfather died and he was sponsored by his uncle Abu Talib.

He was known for his sincerity and honesty, not participating with the people of Jahiliyyah or engaging with them in playing games, dancing and singing, or drinking wine, and he did not approve of it. Then the Prophet began to go to a mountain near Mecca (the Cave of Hira) to worship, and it was in this place that revelation came to him. The king said to him: Read. The Prophet could neither read nor write, and the Prophet said: I am not a reader - i.e. I do not read well - so the king repeated the request: The king repeated the request a second time, and held him tightly until he was exhausted, then he said: Read, and he said: The third time he said: "Read in the name of your Lord who created (1) He created man from a stick (2) Read and your most honourable Lord (3) Who taught with the pen (4) He taught man what he did not know" [139]. (Al-Alaq: 1-5).

Evidence of the truthfulness of his prophethood:

We find it in his biography, for he was known as an honest and truthful man. God Almighty said:

"And thou didst not recite a book before it, nor write it with thy right hand, so that the unbelievers would be suspicious."[140] (Al-Ankabut: 48).

The Prophet was the first to put into practice what he preached and believe his words with deeds, and he did not ask for a worldly reward for what he preached, so he lived poor, generous, merciful and humble, and he was the most sacrificial and ascetic of what people had. God Almighty said:

"Those are those whom Allah has guided, so lead by their guidance."[141] Say: "I do not ask you for a reward, but it is only a remembrance of the worlds."[141 (Al-An'am: 90).

He provided evidence of the truthfulness of his prophethood by the revelations of the Holy Qur'an, which came in their language and was so eloquent and eloquent that it was superior to the words of human beings. God Almighty said:

"Do they not study the Qur'an, and if it were from other than God, they would find much difference in it."[142] (Al-Nisa: 82).

"Or do they say he has fabricated it? Say, 'Bring ten suras like it, and call upon whomever you can from besides Allah, if you are sincere'" [143]. (Hud: 13).

"If they do not respond to you, then know that they follow their own whims, and whoever follows his whims without the guidance of Allah, Allah does not guide those who are unjust" [144]. (Stories: 50).

When people in Medina rumoured that the sun was eclipsed due to the death of the Prophet's son Ibrahim, the Prophet (peace be upon him) preached to them and made a statement that serves as a message to all those who adopt countless superstitions about solar eclipses to this day. More than fourteen centuries ago, he said clearly and unequivocally:

"The sun and the moon are two of Allah's signs; they are not eclipsed for the death or life of anyone, so when you see this, flee to the remembrance of Allah and prayer" [145]. (Sahih Bukhari).

Had he been a false prophet, he would have certainly taken advantage of this opportunity to convince people of his prophethood.

One of the signs of his prophecy is the mention of his description and name in the Old Testament.

"The book will be given to someone who does not know how to read, and he will be told: 'Read this,' and he will say: I do not know how to read."[146] (Old Testament, Isaiah 29:12).

Although Muslims do not believe that the books of the Old and New Testaments that are currently in existence are from God because they have been corrupted, they believe that they both have a valid source, which is the Torah and the Gospel (what God revealed to his prophets: Moses and Jesus). Therefore, there may be something in the Old Testament and the New Testament that is from God. Muslims believe that this prophecy, if true, speaks of the Prophet Muhammad and is a remnant of the true Torah.

The message that Prophet Muhammad preached was pure faith (belief in one God and monotheism in worship), which is the message of all the prophets before him and he brought it to all human beings. As stated in the Holy Quran:

"O people, I am the Messenger of Allah to all of you, who has the kingdom of the heavens and the earth; there is no God but He who gives life and death; so believe in Allah and His Messenger, the Ummi Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words, and follow Him, that you may be guided." [147] (Al-A'raf: 158).

Jesus did not glorify anyone on earth, as Muhammad glorified him.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "I am the most beloved of men to Jesus, the son of Mary, in the first and the last." They said: "How come? O Messenger of Allah, he said: 'The prophets are brothers from different families, with different mothers, and their religion is the same, so there is no prophet between us (between Jesus and me)." [148]. (Sahih Muslim).

The name of Jesus Christ is mentioned more times in the Qur'an than the name of the Prophet Muhammad (25 times vs. 4 times).

Mary, the mother of Jesus, was favoured over the women of the world according to the Qur'an.

Mrs Maryam is the only one mentioned by name in the Quran.

There is a whole surah in the Quran named after Mrs Maryam[149]. www.fatensabri.com Book Eye on Truth. Faten Sabri.

Had he been a false prophet, he would not have mentioned the names of his wives, mother or daughters, and had he been a false prophet, he would not have glorified Christ or made belief in him a pillar of a Muslim's faith.

A simple comparison between the Prophet Muhammad and any priest today will make us realise his sincerity. He refused all the privileges offered to him such as money, prestige or even any priestly position, he would not hear a confession or forgive the sins of believers. He ordered his followers to go directly to the Creator.

One of the greatest proofs of the sincerity of his prophethood is the spread of his call, its acceptance by the people, and God's success for him, as God has never given success to a false prophet in human history.

The English philosopher Thomas Carlyle (1881-1795) said: "It has become the greatest shame for any civilised person of this age to listen to the belief that the religion of Islam is a lie, that Muhammad is a deceiver, and that we should fight against the spread of such ridiculous and shameful statements. The message delivered by that Prophet has been the light for twelve centuries to about two hundred million people like us, created by the God who created us. And have you ever seen, brothers, that a false man can create and spread a religion? Wonder of God, a false man cannot build a house of bricks, for if he does not know the properties of lime, plaster, earth and the like, what is that which he builds but a hill of rubble and a dune of mixed materials, yes, and not worthy to remain on its foundations for twelve centuries inhabited by two hundred million souls, but worthy to have its foundations collapse and be destroyed as if it had never been."[150] The Book of Heroes.

Human technology has delivered the voice and images of human beings to all parts of the world at the same moment, so could not the Creator of humanity more than 1400 years ago take his Prophet, in spirit and body, to the heavens[151]? The Prophet's ascent was on the back of an animal called Al-Buraq. Al-Buraq: A long, white animal, above a donkey and below a mule, with its hoof at the end of its limb, with a bridle and a saddle, on which the prophets, peace be upon them, used to ride. (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim).

The journey of Isra' and Mi'raj took place according to the fluency of the divine ability and will, which is higher than our perception, and different from all the laws we know, which are signs and proofs of the ability of the Lord of the Worlds, as He is the one who enacted and established these laws.

In Sahih al-Bukhari (the most authentic book of the Prophet's hadith), we find that Mrs Aisha's love for the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is very strong and she never complained about this marriage.

The strange thing is that at that time, the enemies of the Prophet accused the Prophet Muhammad of the most heinous accusations, calling him a poet and a madman, and no one gave him any credit for this story, and no one ever mentioned it, except for some prejudiced people now. History tells us stories of royal marriages at a young age, such as the age of Lady Mary in the Christian faith when she was engaged to a ninety-year-old man before she became pregnant with Christ, which was close to the age of Lady Aisha when she married the Prophet. Or the story of Queen Isabella of England in the eleventh century, who was married at the age of eight and others,[152] or that the story of the Prophet's marriage did not happen in the way they imagine.

The Jews of Banu Qurayzah broke the covenant and allied themselves with the polytheists to destroy the Muslims. The retribution for betrayal and breaking covenants contained in their law was fully applied to them, after the Messenger of Allah allowed them to choose who would judge them, one of the Companions of the Prophet, and he ruled against them by applying the retribution contained in their law [153]. History of Islam" (2/307-318).

Imagine a group determined to kill you, kill your family, and steal your money; what would you do with them? The Jews of Bani Qurayza broke the covenant and allied themselves with the polytheists to eliminate the Muslims; what should the Muslims have done at that time to protect themselves? What the Muslims did about it was, by the simplest logic, their right to self-defence.

The first verse: "There is no compulsion in religion; it is clear what is right from what is wrong..." [154] establishes a great Islamic principle that prohibits compulsion in religion; while the second verse: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah or the Last Day..." [155] has a special theme, concerning those who block the path of Allah and prevent others from accepting the call of Islam, so there is no real conflict between the two verses. (Al-Baqarah: 256). (Repentance: 29).

Faith is a relationship between a slave and his Lord, and if he wants to break it, it is up to God, but when he wants to declare it and use it as a pretext to fight Islam, tarnish its image and betray it, it is an axiom of the positive laws of war that he must be killed, and this is what no one disagrees about.

The root of the problem with the suspicion of the apostasy threshold is the illusion that all religions are equally valid, and that believing in the Creator, worshipping Him alone, and purifying Him from all shortcomings and defects is equal to disbelieving in His existence or believing that He is embodied in the form of a human being or a stone or that He has a son, may God be exalted above all that. The reason for this delusion is the belief in the relativity of belief, i.e. that all religions can be right, which is not possible for those who know the basics of logic. It is obvious that faith contradicts atheism and disbelief, which is why a person of sound faith finds that the belief in the relativity of truth is a logical absurdity. Therefore, it is not right to consider two contradictory beliefs to be right together.

However, apostates from the religion of truth never fall under the Hudud of apostasy if they do not openly declare their apostasy, and they know this very well, but they demand that Muslim society open the way for them to spread their mockery of God and His Prophet with impunity, and urge others to disbelief and disobedience. This is, for example, what no king of the earth would accept on the territory of his kingdom, such as one of his people denying the existence of the king, or mocking him or one of his entourage, or attributing to him something unworthy of his status as a king, let alone the King of Kings, the Creator and King of all things.

Some also think that if a Muslim commits blasphemy, the hadd will be carried out on him directly, but the truth is that there are excuses that may prevent him from being blasphemed at all, such as ignorance, interpretation, compulsion and error, and for this reason, most scholars have emphasised that the apostate must be questioned because he may be confused in knowing the truth, except for the warrior apostate [156]. Ibn Qadama in al-Mughni.

The Muslims treated the hypocrites as Muslims, and they had all the rights of Muslims, even though the Prophet knew who they were, and he told the Companion Hudhayfah their names. However, the hypocrites did not declare their disbelief.

Prophet Moses was a fighter, and David was a fighter. Moses and Muhammad, peace be upon them all, took over the reins of political and worldly affairs, and both of them emigrated from the pagan society, Moses took his people out of Egypt, Muhammad emigrated to Yathrib, and before that, his followers emigrated to Abyssinia, to escape the political and military influence in the countries from which they fled with their religion. The difference in the call of Jesus, peace be upon him, is that it was for non-pagans, the Jews (unlike Moses and Muhammad because their environments were pagan: Egypt and Arabia), which made the circumstances more severe and difficult, as the change entrusted to the calls of Moses and Muhammad is a radical and comprehensive change and a huge quantum leap from paganism to monotheism.

The number of victims of the wars that took place during the time of the Prophet Muhammad does not exceed a thousand people, which were in self-defence, in response to aggression, or to secure the religion, while the number of victims of wars waged in the name of religion in other religions has been in the millions.

The Prophet Muhammad's mercy was also evident on the day of the conquest of Makkah and the empowerment of Allah Almighty, when he said: Today is the day of mercy. He issued a general amnesty for the Quraysh, who had spared no effort to harm the Muslims.

God Almighty said:

"Neither the good nor the bad is equal to the one that is best, and if the one between you and him who is enmity is like a close friend."[157] (Faslat:34).

Among the qualities of the pious, God said:

"...and those who suppress wrath and those who spare people, and God loves those who do good" [158]. (Al Imran: 134).

Delivering the correct religion

Jihad means jihad of the soul in refraining from sins, jihad of the mother in her pregnancy by enduring the pain of pregnancy, the diligence of the student in his studies, jihad of the defender of his wealth, honour and religion, even perseverance in worship such as fasting and praying on time is considered a type of jihad.

We find that the meaning of jihad is not, as some understand it, the killing of innocent and peaceful non-Muslims.

Islam values life. It is not permissible to fight peaceful people and civilians. Property, children and women must be protected even during wars, and it is not permissible to mutilate or mutilate the dead, as this is not Islamic morality.

God Almighty said:

"Allah does not forbid you from those who have not fought you in religion and have not driven you out of your homes to be charitable and just to them, for Allah loves those who are just (8). Allah forbids you from those who have fought you in religion, who have driven you out of your homes, and who have persisted in expelling you from your homes, that you turn your back on them, and whoever turns his back on them, those are the ones who are unjust" [159]. (Al-Mumtana: 8-9).

"For this reason We have written upon the children of Israel that whoever kills a life without life or corruption in the land, it is as if he had killed all men, and whoever lives, it is as if he lives all men."[160] Our messengers came to them with proofs, but after that many of them are profligate in the land. (Al-Ma'idah: 32).

A non-Muslim is one of four:

A trustee: A person who has been given safety.

God Almighty said:

"And if one of the disbelievers takes refuge with you, give him shelter until he hears the word of Allah, and then give him his place of safety, because they are people who do not know."[161] (Al-Tawbah:6).

Ma'ahad: A person to whom the Muslims have made a covenant not to fight.

God Almighty said:

"If they break their oaths after their covenant and challenge your religion, then fight the leaders of disbelief, for they have no oaths, that they may cease."[162] (Al-Tawba: 12).

Dhimmi: Dhimmah is a covenant, and dhimmis are non-Muslims who have contracted with Muslims to pay jizya and abide by certain conditions in exchange for remaining in their religion and providing them with security and protection. It is a small amount to be paid according to their ability, and it is taken from those who can afford it, which are free adult men who can fight, but not women, children, or those who are not sane. It is a small amount to be paid according to their ability, and it is taken from those who can afford it. Whereas the tax paid by millions today includes all individuals and large sums of money in return for the state taking care of their affairs and they are subject to this positive law.

God Almighty said:

"Fight those who do not believe in Allah, nor in the Last Day, nor forbid what Allah and His Messenger have forbidden, nor condemn the religion of truth from those who have received the Book until they give the jizyah from the hand while they are humble."[163] (Al-Tawba: 29).

Muhareb: This is the one who has declared war against the Muslims, for whom there is no covenant, no trust, and no security. They are the ones in whom Allah Almighty said:

"And fight them until there is no fitna, and all religion belongs to God, and if they cease, then God is aware of what they do" [164]. (Al-Anfal: 39).

God did not command killing but fighting, and there is a big difference between the two, as fighting here means confrontation in war between a fighter and a fighter in self-defence, and this is what all positive laws stipulate.

God Almighty said:

"And fight in the way of Allah against those who fight against you, and do not commit aggression, for Allah does not love aggressors" [165]. (Al-Baqarah: 190).

We often hear from monotheistic non-Muslims that they did not believe that there was a religion on earth that said there is no God but Allah. They thought that Muslims worshipped Muhammad, Christians worshipped Christ, Buddhists worshipped Buddha, and the religions they found on earth did not match what was in their hearts.

Here we realise the importance of the Islamic conquests that were and still are eagerly awaited by many. They were intended to deliver the message of monotheism only within the limits of no compulsion in religion, by respecting the sanctities of others and fulfilling their obligations to the state in exchange for remaining in their religion and providing them with security and protection. As happened in the conquest of Egypt, Andalusia and many others.

It is illogical for the giver of life to command the recipient to take it away, and to take the lives of innocent people without guilt, while he says: "And do not kill yourselves" [166], and other verses that forbid killing oneself unless there is a justification such as retribution or payment of aggression, without violating the sanctity of sanctity or exposing oneself to death to serve the interests of groups that have nothing to do with religion or its purposes, and are far from the tolerance and morality of this great religion. The bliss of paradise should not be based on the narrow view of obtaining only eye candy, for paradise has what no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no thought has entered the heart of mankind. (Al-Nisa: 29).

Young people today are suffering from economic conditions and the inability to obtain the financial means to help them get married, making them easy prey for the promoters of these shameful acts, especially addicts and those suffering from psychological disorders. If the promoters of this idea are sincere, they should start with themselves, before sending young people to this task.

The word sword is not mentioned once in the Holy Qur'an. The countries in which the history of Islam has not witnessed wars are where most of the world's Muslims reside today, such as Indonesia, India, China, etc. This is evidenced by the presence of Christians, Hindus and others to this day in the countries conquered by Muslims, while there are few Muslims in the countries colonised by non-Muslims. These were wars of genocide and forcing people to convert to their faith, such as the Crusades and others.

Edouard Montet, director of the University of Geneva, said in a lecture: "Islam is a fast-spreading religion, which spreads on its own without any encouragement from any organised centres, because every Muslim is a missionary by nature, a Muslim with a strong faith, and the intensity of his faith takes over his heart and mind, and this is a feature of Islam that no other religion has, and that is why you see a Muslim with a burning faith preaching his religion wherever he goes and wherever he lives, and transmitting the contagion of strong faith to all the pagans he comes into contact with. In addition to faith, Islam has adapted to social and economic conditions, and has a marvellous ability to adapt to the environment and to adapt the environment as required by this powerful religion."[167] The Garden is a collection of masterful literature and eloquent wisdom. Sulaiman bin Saleh al-Kharashi.

The ideology of Islam

A Muslim follows the example of the righteous and the companions of the Prophet, loves them and tries to be good like them, and worships God alone as they did, but does not sanctify them or make them a mediator between him and God.

God Almighty said:

"...and do not take each other as gods other than Allah..." [168]. (Al Imran: 64).

The word Imam means one who leads his people in prayer or takes care of their affairs and leadership. It is not a religious rank restricted to certain people, and there is no caste or priesthood in Islam, and the religion is for all, and people are equal like the teeth of the comb before God, and there is no difference between an Arab and a Gentile except by piety and good deeds. No matter how much respect the imam receives from Muslims, in all cases he does not hear a confession and does not forgive sins as is the case with a priest.

God Almighty said:

"They took their pontiffs and their priests as gods other than Allah and Jesus Christ, and they were only commanded to worship one God, and there is no God but Him, and He is above their polytheism" [170]. (Al-Tawbah:31).

Islam emphasises the infallibility of the prophets from error in what they report from God, and there is no infallibility or revelation for a priest or saint, and it is absolutely forbidden in Islam to resort to anyone other than God for help and request, even if the request is from the prophets themselves, for what is lost is not given. How can a person ask others for help when he cannot help himself, and asking God for help is honourable and asking others is humiliating. Does it make sense to equate the king with the common people by asking for help, reason and logic refute this idea completely. Asking other than God is futile in the face of belief in the existence of an omnipotent God, and it is shirk, which is contrary to Islam and is the greatest of all sins.

God Almighty said on the tongue of the Prophet:

"Say, 'I can neither do myself any good nor any harm except what Allah wills, and if I knew the unseen, I would make more of the good and I would not be afflicted with the bad, but I am only a warning and a proclamation for people who believe'" [171]. (Al-A'raf:188).

He also said:

"Say: 'I am a human being like you, inspired to me that your God is one God, so whoever hopes to meet his Lord, let him do good deeds and make no one a partner in the worship of his Lord'" [172]. (Al-Kahf: 110).

"And that the mosques are for Allah, so do not call with Allah anyone else."[173] (Jinn: 18).

If he sent an angel as a messenger to them and did what was difficult for them, they would argue that he was an angel who could do what they could not.

God Almighty said:

"Say, 'If there were angels on earth who walked in peace, We would have sent down to them from heaven an angel as a messenger'"[174] . (Al-Israa':95).

"If We had made him an angel, We would have made him a man, and We would have confused them with what they are wearing" [175]. (Al-An'am: 9).

One of the signs of God's communication with His creation through revelation:

1- Wisdom: For example, if a person builds a house and then leaves it without any benefit to himself, others, or even his children, we would naturally judge him as an unwise or abnormal person. Therefore, it is obvious that there must be wisdom in creating the universe and harnessing what is in the heavens and the earth for man.

2- Instinct: Within the human psyche, there is a strong innate drive to know the origin, source and purpose of his existence, and man's instinct always pushes him to search for the cause of his existence. However, man alone cannot discern the qualities of his Creator, the purpose of his existence and his destiny except through the intervention of these unseen forces, by sending messengers to reveal this truth to us.

We find that many peoples have found their way in the divine messages, while others are still in their misguided search for the truth, stopping in their thinking at earthly material symbols.

3- Ethics: Just as our thirst for water is evidence of the existence of water before we know it, so our longing for justice is evidence of the existence of the just.

A person who witnesses the shortcomings of this life and the injustice of people to each other is not convinced that life can end with the survival of the oppressor and the loss of the right of the oppressed. Rather, the human being is comforted and reassured when the idea of resurrection, the afterlife and retribution is presented to him or her. There is no doubt that a person who will be held accountable for his actions cannot be left without guidance and direction, without encouragement or intimidation, and this is the role of religion.

The existence of current monotheistic religions, whose followers believe in the divinity of their source, is direct evidence of the Creator's communication with mankind. Even if atheists deny that the Lord of the Worlds sent messengers or heavenly books, their existence and survival is sufficient proof of one fact: man's unbridled desire to communicate with God and fulfil his innate emptiness.

Between Islam and Christianity

The lesson that God taught mankind when He accepted the repentance of Adam, the father of mankind, for eating from the forbidden tree, is the first forgiveness of the Lord of the Worlds to mankind, as there is no meaning of the sin inherited from Adam, which is believed by the Christians, and no one is responsible for his own guilt; this is the mercy of the Lord of the Worlds to us, and man is born pure and sinless, and responsible for his actions starting from the age of puberty.

Man will not be held accountable for a sin he did not commit, nor will he be saved except by his faith and good deeds. God gave life to man and gave him the will to be tested and tested, and he is only responsible for his actions.

God said:

"...and do not put one ounce of weight on top of another...and then to your Lord you will return, and He will inform you of what you have been doing, for He knows best."[176] (Al-Zamar:7).

The Old Testament states the following:

"Fathers shall not be killed for children, nor shall children be killed for fathers. Every man shall be put to death for his sin."[177] (Deuteronomy 16:24).

Forgiveness is not incompatible with justice, and justice does not preclude forgiveness and mercy.

The Creator God is alive, resurrected, rich and capable, and did not need to die on the cross in the form of Christ for humans, as the Christians believe, as He is the one who gives life or takes it away, so He did not die, nor was He resurrected. He is the one who protected and saved his messenger Jesus Christ from being killed and crucified, just as he protected his messenger Abraham from the fire, and Moses from Pharaoh and his soldiers, and as he always does with his righteous servants in protecting and preserving them.

God Almighty said:

"They did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but he was confused for them, and those who disputed about him are in doubt about him, for they have no knowledge of him except by following a guess, and they did not kill him with certainty (157), but Allah raised him up to Him, and Allah was mighty and wise" [178]. (Al-Nisa: 157-158).

A Muslim husband respects the origin of his Christian or Jewish wife's religion, her book and her prophet. He gives her the freedom to practice her rituals, but the opposite is not true: once a Christian or Jew believes that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, we marry him our daughters.

If a Muslim wants to convert to Christianity, for example, he must lose his faith in Muhammad and the Quran, and lose his direct relationship with the Lord of the Worlds by believing in the Trinity, and by resorting to priests, pastors and others, and if he wants to convert to Judaism, he must lose his faith in Christ and the true Gospel, although it is not originally available for anyone to convert to Judaism because it is a national, not universal religion in which nationalism is manifested in its clearest form.

The Uniqueness of Islamic Civilisation

The Islamic civilisation has dealt well with its Creator and put the relationship between the Creator and His creatures in the right place, while other human civilisations have mishandled God by disbelieving in Him, associating His creatures with Him in faith and worship, and lowering Him to places that are not commensurate with His majesty and destiny.

The true Muslim does not confuse civilisation with civilisation, and adopts a moderate approach in determining how to deal with ideas and sciences, distinguishing between:

The cultural element: Represented by doctrinal, mental, intellectual, behavioural and ethical values.

The civil element: Scientific achievements, physical discoveries, and industrial inventions.

He takes advantage of these sciences and inventions within the framework of his faith and behavioural concepts.

The Greek civilisation believed in the existence of God, but denied His oneness, describing Him as useless and harmless.

The Roman civilisation, which denied the Creator at first, and polytheism when it embraced Christianity, entered its doctrines with manifestations of idolatry and power.

Before Islam, the Persian civilisation disbelieved in God, worshipped the sun without Him, and worshipped and worshipped fire.

The Hindu civilisation abandoned the worship of the Creator and worshipped the created God, embodied in the Holy Trinity, consisting of three divine images: God Brahma as Creator, God Vishnu as Preserver and God Siva as Destroyer: Brahma as the Creator, Vishnu as the Preserver, and Siva as the Destroyer.

The Buddhist civilisation denied the Creator God and made the created Buddha its god.

The civilisation of the Sabians, they were people of the Book who denied their God and worshipped the planets and stars. With the exception of some Muslim monotheistic sects mentioned in the Holy Quran.

Although the Pharaonic civilisation reached a great degree of monotheism and disregard for God during the reign of Akhenaten, it did not abandon the images of anthropomorphism and likeness of God to some of his creatures, such as the sun and others, which were a symbol of God. The disbelief in God reached its peak when Pharaoh, in the time of Moses, claimed divinity without God and made himself the first legislator.

The civilisation of the Arabs who left the worship of the Creator and worshipped idols.

The Christian civilisation denied the absolute oneness of God, shared Jesus Christ and his mother Mary, and adopted the doctrine of Trinitarianism, which is the belief in one God incarnate in three persons (Father, Son, and Holy Spirit).

The Jewish civilisation denied its Creator, chose its own god and made him a national god, worshipped the calf, and described God in their books with unworthy human qualities.

The previous civilisations had decayed, and Jewish and Christian civilisations were transformed into two non-religious civilisations, namely capitalism and communism. According to the ways in which these two civilisations deal with God and life doctrinally and intellectually, they are backward and undeveloped, brutal and immoral, while reaching the peak of civil, scientific and industrial progress, and this is not how the progress of civilisations is measured.

The criterion for sound civilisational progress is based on its rational evidence, the correct idea of God, man, the universe and life, and the correct civilisation that leads to the correct concepts of God and his relationship with his creatures and knowledge of the source of his existence and his fate, and puts this relationship in its right place, and thus we reach the conclusion that the Islamic civilisation is the only advanced one among these civilisations, simply because it has achieved the required balance[179]. The book Capitalism and Communism's Abuse of God. Professor Dr Ghazi Inayat.

Religion calls for good morals and avoiding bad actions, so the bad behaviour of some Muslims is due to their cultural habits or their ignorance of their religion and their departure from the correct religion.

There is no contradiction in this case. Does the fact that the driver of a luxury car commits a terrible accident due to his ignorance of proper driving practices contradict the fact of the luxury of the car?

The Western experience was a reaction to the medieval alliance of church and state over the people's power and minds. The Islamic world has never faced this issue, due to the process and logic of the Islamic system.

In fact, we need a constant divine law that suits man in all his circumstances. We do not need references that belong to man's whims, desires and mood swings! As in the case of analysing usury, homosexuality and others, nor references written by the strong to be a burden on the weak, as in the capitalist system, nor communism that opposes the instinct of the desire to own property.

Muslims have something better than democracy, which is the shura system.

Democracy is: When you take into account the opinion of all members of your family, for example, in a crucial decision concerning the family, regardless of their experience, age or wisdom, from a kindergarten child to a wise grandfather, and equate their opinions in making the decision.

Shura is: Your tendency to consult elders, elders, and those with expertise on what works and what doesn't.

The difference is very clear, and the biggest proof of the flaw in the use of democracy is the legitimisation in some countries of behaviours that are in themselves contrary to nature, religion, customs and traditions, such as homosexuality, usury and other abhorrent practices, just to obtain a majority in the vote, and by increasing the number of voices calling for moral decay, democracy has contributed to the creation of immoral societies.

The difference between Islamic Shura and Western democracy is related to the source of sovereignty in legislation. Democracy makes sovereignty in legislation initially for the people and the nation, while Islamic Shura is that sovereignty in legislation is initially for the rulings of the Almighty Creator, which are embodied in the Sharia, which is not a human production, and man has only the authority to build on this divine law, as well as the authority to make ijtihad in what is not revealed by heavenly law, provided that the human authority remains governed by the framework of halal and haram sharia.

Hudududs are designed to deter and punish those who intend to corrupt the earth, as evidenced by the fact that they are suspended in cases of manslaughter or theft due to hunger and extreme need. Hudududs are not applied to the young, the insane or the mentally ill. They are primarily for the protection of society, and their harshness is a benefit that religion provides to society, which should be rejoiced by members of society, for their existence is a mercy for the people through which they will achieve security, and only criminals, bandits and corrupt people will object to these hududs for fear of their own safety. Some of these limits are already present in positive laws, such as the death penalty and others.

Those who challenge these penalties have considered the interest of the offender while forgetting the interest of society, pitying the offender while neglecting the victim, and exaggerating the punishment while overlooking the severity of the crime.

If they had paired the punishment with the offence, they would have come away convinced of the justice of the legal penalties and their equality with their offences. If we recall, for example, the act of the thief who walks under cover of darkness, breaks the lock, draws weapons and terrorises the safe, violating the sanctity of homes and intending to kill those who resist him, and the crime of murder often occurs as a means for the thief to complete his theft or flee from its consequences, so he is killed indiscriminately. If we recall the act of this thief, for example, we would realise the extreme wisdom of the harshness of the legal punishments.

In the same way, we have to recall the crimes, the dangers and harms, injustice and aggression, so that we can be sure that God Almighty has legislated for each crime what is appropriate for it, and made the punishment out of the kind of work.

God Almighty said:

"...and your Lord does not oppress anyone."[180] (Al-Kahib: 49).

Before prescribing deterrent penalties, Islam has provided enough means of education and prevention to keep criminals away from the crime they committed, if they had hearts of reason or souls of mercy. Moreover, it never applies them until it has ensured that the individual who committed the offence committed it without justification or suspicion of compulsion. The fact that he has committed the offence after all this is proof of his corruption and abnormality, and his deserving of painful deterrent punishments.

Islam strives to distribute wealth fairly, making the wealth of the rich a known right for the poor, requiring maintenance for the spouse and relatives, commanding hospitality to the guest and charity to the neighbour, and making the state responsible for sponsoring its members by providing them with sufficient food, clothing, housing and other necessities so that they can live a decent and dignified life. It also sponsors its members by opening the doors of decent work for those who can, enabling each capable person to work according to his ability, and creating equal opportunities for all.

Suppose a person returns home and finds that his family members have been killed by someone with the aim of theft or revenge, for example, and the authorities come to arrest him and sentence him to a certain period of imprisonment, long or short, in which he eats and uses the services in the prison, which the afflicted person himself contributes to providing by paying taxes.

What would be his reaction at that moment? He would end up going crazy, or addicted to drugs to forget his pain. If the same situation were to occur in a country that applies Islamic law, the authorities would behave differently. They will bring the criminal to the family of the victims, to give a decision regarding this offender, either to take retribution, which is justice itself, or to pay diyah, which is the money due for killing a free human being, instead of his blood, or to forgive him, and forgiveness is better.

God Almighty said:

"...and if you pardon, forgive and forgive, then God is a forgiving and merciful God."[181] (Al-Taghabin: 14).

Any student of Islamic law will realise that hudud is more of an educational and preventive method than an act of revenge or out of a desire to enforce hudud. For example:

The Prophet Muhammad said: "Prevent borders with suspicion." The Prophet Muhammad said: "Prevent borders with suspicion.

Whoever sins and is covered by Allah and does not show his sin to people, there is no limit on him; it is not Islamic to track people's shame and spy on them.

The victim's pardon of the perpetrator stops the hudud.

"...so whoever is forgiven something from his brother, follow what is known and pay it back to him in charity..."[182] This is a mitigation from your Lord and a mercy. (Al-Baqarah:178).

The perpetrator must be chosen and not coerced, so the hadd cannot be imposed on a coerced person. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said:

"My nation is forgiven for error, forgetfulness, and what they are compelled to do" [183]. (Hadith Sahih).

The wisdom of harsher legal punishments that are described as brutal and barbaric (as they claim), such as killing the murderer, stoning the adulterer, cutting off the thief, and other punishments, is that these crimes are considered the mother of all evils, and each of them involves an attack on one or more of the five great interests (religion, soul, offspring, property, and mind), which the laws and positive laws of all times are unanimous in preserving and protecting them, as life cannot be sustained without them.

For this reason, those who commit any of these offences deserve to be punished more severely, in order to deter them and deter others.

The Islamic approach must be taken as a whole, and Islamic hudud cannot be applied in isolation from the teachings of Islam regarding the economic and social approach. People's distance from the true teachings of the religion is what leads some people to commit crimes. These major crimes are plaguing many countries that do not apply Islamic law, despite all the resources, capabilities, and material and technological progress.

There are 6348 verses in the Holy Qur'an, and the hudud verses do not exceed ten verses, which were placed with great wisdom by an expert sage. Does one lose the opportunity to enjoy reading and applying this approach, which is considered by many non-Muslims to be unique, just because they are ignorant of the wisdom behind ten verses?

The moderation of Islam

One of the general rules in Islam is that money is God's money and people are stewards of it, and that money should not be a state among the rich. Islam forbids hoarding money without spending a small percentage of it for the poor and needy through zakat, a worship that helps people overcome the qualities of generosity and giving over the tendencies of stinginess and miserliness.

God Almighty said:

"What Allah has bestowed upon His Messenger from the people of the villages is for the Messenger, and for those who are close to him, the orphans, the poor, and the son of the way, so that it may not be a state between the rich among you, and what the Messenger has given you, take it and what he has forbidden you to do, and fear Allah, for Allah is severe in punishment"[184]. (Al-Hashr: 7).

" Believe in Allah and His Messenger and spend from what He has made you stewards of; those of you who believe and spend have a great reward."[185] (Al-Hadid: 7).

"...those who hoard gold and silver and do not spend them in the way of Allah, then I promise them a painful punishment" [186]. (Al-Tawbah:34).

Islam also encourages work for everyone who is able.

God Almighty said:

"It is He who made the earth for you to walk in its paths and eat from its sustenance; and to Him belongs the resurrection."[187] (King: 15).

Islam is a religion of action, and God commands us to have tawakkul, not tawakkul. Tawakkul requires determination, exerting energy and taking the necessary means, and then surrendering to God's judgement.

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to the person who wanted to leave his camel loose in reliance on Allah:

"Believe it and trust it" [188]. (Sahih al-Tirmidhi).

In this way, the Muslim will have achieved the desired balance.

Islam forbids extravagance and raises the standard of individuals to control the standard of living. However, Islam's concept of wealth is not only the fulfilment of basic needs, but also the ability to eat, dress, live, marry, perform the Hajj, and give charity.

God Almighty said:

"And those who, when they spend, do not spend extravagantly and do not cut back, and there is a balance between the two" [189]. (Al-Furqan: 67).

In the eyes of Islam, the poor are those who have not attained a standard of living that enables them to satisfy their basic needs according to the standard of living in their country, and the wider the standard of living, the wider the actual meaning of poverty. For example, if it is customary in a society for every family to have a separate house, the lack of a separate house for a particular family is considered a colour of poverty. Thus, balance means enriching each individual (Muslim or Dhimmi) to the extent that is commensurate with the capabilities of the society at that time.

Islam ensures that the needs of all members of society are met, and this is achieved through general solidarity, as a Muslim is a Muslim's brother and it is obligatory for him to sponsor him; hence, Muslims must not show up among them in need.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

"Whoever is in need of his brother's help is in need of Allah's help, and whoever relieves a Muslim of an anguish, Allah relieves him of an anguish on the Day of Resurrection, and whoever covers a Muslim, Allah will cover him on the Day of Resurrection."[190] (Sahih Bukhari).

A simple comparison between the economic system in Islam and capitalism and socialism, for example, shows how Islam has achieved this balance.

Regarding freedom of ownership:

In capitalism: Private property is the general principle.

In socialism: Public ownership is the general principle.

In Islam: Allowing property of various forms:

Public property: It is common to all Muslims, such as public lands.

State property: Natural resources such as forests and minerals.

Private property: Acquired only through investment work that does not jeopardise the public balance.

Regarding economic freedom:

In capitalism: Economic freedom is left unlimited.

In socialism: The total confiscation of economic freedom.

In Islam: Economic freedom is recognised in a limited scope, namely:

Self-determination stemming from the depths of the soul based on Islamic education and the spread of Islamic concepts in society.

Objective determination, which is represented by specific legislation that prohibits specific acts such as: Cheating, gambling, usury, etc.

God Almighty said:

"O you who have believed, do not eat usury in multiples, and fear Allah, that you may prosper."[191] (Al Imran:130).

"And what you give in usury to multiply in the wealth of men, it will not multiply with Allah; and what you give in zakat to seek the face of Allah, those are the ones who are weaker."[192] (Rum: 39).

"They ask you about wine and soft drinks, say: 'In them is great harm and benefit to people, and their harm is greater than their benefit.'"[193] They ask you what to spend, say: "God will show you the verses so that you may think. (Al-Baqarah:219).

Capitalism drew a free path for man and invited him to follow it. Capitalism claimed that this open approach would lead man to pure happiness, but man eventually found himself in a class-based society, with either obscene wealth based on injustice to others, or abject poverty for the morally committed.

Communism abolished all classes and tried to draw more solid principles, but it created poorer, more painful, and more revolutionary societies.

As for Islam, it has achieved moderation, and the Islamic Ummah has been the middle nation, offering humanity a great system, as witnessed by the enemies of Islam. However, there are some Muslims who fail to adhere to the great values of Islam.

Extremism, militancy and intolerance are qualities that are fundamentally forbidden by true religion. The Holy Qur'an calls in many verses for kindness and mercy in dealing with others, and the principle of forgiveness and tolerance.

God Almighty said:

"By the mercy of Allah, you would have been kind to them; but if you were harsh and hard-hearted, they would have fled from around you; so forgive them, forgive them, and consult with them in matters; and if you are determined, rely on Allah, for Allah loves those who rely" [194]. (Al Imran: 159).

"Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good advice, and argue with them in the way that is best, for your Lord knows best those who have strayed from His way, and He knows best those who are guided."[195] (Al-Nahl: 125).

The basis of religion is halal, with the exception of a few taboos that are clearly mentioned in the Holy Quran and on which no one disagrees.

God Almighty said:

"O children of man, take your adornment at every mosque, eat and drink, and do not be extravagant, for He does not love the extravagant."(31) Say: Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah, which He has revealed to His slaves, and the good things of life, Say: These are for those who believe in this life, and are exclusive on the Day of Resurrection. (32) Say: "My Lord has forbidden obscenity, what is apparent and what is hidden, iniquity and wrongdoing without right, and that you should associate with Allah unless He has given you authority, and that you should say against Allah what you do not know" [196]. (Al-A'raf: 31-33).

Religion has attributed anything that calls for extremism, extremism, or prohibition without legal evidence to satanic acts, and religion is innocent of them.

God Almighty said:

"O mankind, eat from what is in the earth as a good thing, and do not follow the footsteps of Satan, for he is a clear enemy to you (168). He only commands you to do evil and obscenity, and to say against God what you do not know."[197] (Al-Baqarah: 168-169).

"And I will lead them astray and give them security and command them to cut off the ears of cattle and command them to change the creation of Allah, and whoever takes the devil as a guardian besides Allah, he has lost a clear loss."[198] (Al-Nisa: 119).

Religion originally came to relieve people of many self-imposed restrictions. In Jahiliyyah and before Islam, for example, abhorrent practices such as female infanticide, prohibiting certain foods for males and forbidding them for females, disinheriting females, eating the dead, adultery, drinking alcohol, eating orphan money, usury, and other abominations were widespread.

One of the reasons why people turn away from religion and resort to materialistic science alone is the existence of contradictions in some religious concepts among some peoples. Therefore, one of the most important features and main reasons that invite people to turn to the true religion is its centrality and balance. This is what we find clearly in the Islamic religion.

The issue of other religions, which arose from the perversion of the one true religion:

Purely spiritual, it encourages its followers to monasticism and seclusion.

Purely physical.

This is what has caused many people to turn away from religion in general in many peoples and former religions.

We also find in some other peoples many wrong legislations, judgements and practices that have been attributed to religion as a pretext to force people to follow them, which have deviated them from the right path and the innate concept of religion, and thus many people have lost the ability to distinguish between the true concept of religion, which fulfils the innate needs of man that no one disagrees with, and the positive laws, traditions, customs and practices inherited by the peoples, which later led to the demand to replace religion with modern science.

The true religion is the one that comes to alleviate the suffering of the people, and to set rulings and legislations that primarily aim to facilitate the people.

God Almighty said:

"...and do not kill yourselves, for Allah has been merciful to you" [199]. (Al-Nisa:29).

" .... And do not throw your hands to destruction ۛ and do good, for Allah loves those who do good" [200]. (Al-Baqarah: 195).

"...And He shall give them good things and forbid them evil things, and He shall remove from them their burdens and the shackles that were upon them..."[201]. (Al-A'raf: 157).

He said:

"Make things easy and not difficult, and preach good news and not alienate."[202] (Sahih Bukhari).

I mention here the story of three men who were talking amongst themselves, one of them said: As for me, I pray the night forever, and another said: I fast all day and do not break my fast, and another said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, came to them and said:

But I fast and fast, pray and lie down, and marry women, so whoever desires my Sunnah is not from me."[203] The Prophet (peace be upon him) said, "You are the ones who said such and such."[204 (Sahih al-Bukhari).

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stated this to Abdullah ibn Amr when he was informed that he performs the whole night, fasts the whole day, and finishes the Qur'an every night:

"Do not do so; rise and sleep, fast and break the fast, for your body has a right against you, your eyes have a right against you, your husband has a right against you, and your wife has a right against you."[204] (Sahih Bukhari).

Women in Islam

God Almighty said:

"O Prophet, say to your wives, your daughters, and the women of the believers that they should draw their robes over them, for this is the least that they may be known and not harmed."[205] And Allah is forgiving and merciful. (Al-Ahzab:59).

When she loved her father, brother, son and husband, she understood that her love for each of them is special, as her love for her husband and her love for her father or brother requires her to give each person his due. Her father's right of respect and righteousness is not the same as her son's right of care and upbringing and so on. She understands when, how and to whom she shows her adornment. She does not dress the same with a stranger as she does with a neighbour, nor does she appear in the same form to everyone. The Muslim woman is a free woman who refuses to be captive to the whims of others and fashion. She wears what she deems suitable for her and pleases her Creator. See how women in the West have become captive to fashion and fashion houses, if they say, for example: If they say that the fashion this year is to wear tight short trousers, women rush to wear them, regardless of their suitability or even whether they feel comfortable wearing them or not.

It is no secret that women today have become a commodity, and almost no advertisement or publication is without a picture of a naked woman, which gives an indirect message to Western women about their value in this era. By hiding her adornment, the Muslim woman has sent a message to the world, namely: She is a valuable human being, honoured by God, and those who deal with her must judge her knowledge, culture, convictions and ideas, not her body.

Muslim women also understood the human nature that God created people to be, so they do not show their adornment to strangers to protect society and protect themselves from harm, and I do not think anyone denies the fact that every beautiful girl who is proud of showing her charms in public, when she reaches old age, wishes that all women in the world wore the hijab.

Let people reflect on the statistics of death and disfigurement caused by cosmetic surgery nowadays. Why did women have to go through all this suffering? Because they forced them to compete for physical beauty instead of intellectual beauty, which made them lose their true value and even their lives.

Uncovering the head is going backwards. Is there anything further back than the time of Adam? Since God created Adam and his wife and placed them in Paradise, He has ensured that they are covered and clothed.

God Almighty said:

"You shall not be hungry in it, nor shall you be naked."[206] (Taha:118).

God also revealed clothing to Adam's descendants to cover their modesty and adorn them, and since that time, humanity has been evolving in its clothing, and the development of peoples is measured by the evolution of clothing and concealment. It is known that peoples isolated from civilisation, such as some African peoples, wear only what covers their nakedness.

God Almighty said:

"O children of Adam, We have sent down to you a garment that hides your modesty and a garment of piety, which is better; this is one of the signs of Allah, that they may remember."[207] (Al-A'raf:26).

Westerners can look at pictures of their grandmother on her way to school and see what she was wearing. When the swimsuit first appeared, there were demonstrations in Europe and Australia against it because it was against nature and custom, not for religious reasons. The manufacturing companies made extensive advertisements using girls as young as five years old to appear in it first to encourage women to wear it, and the first child appeared to walk in it very shyly and could not continue the show. At the time, women and men were swimming in black and white full-body swimsuits.

The world has agreed on the obvious difference in physical composition between men and women, as evidenced by the fact that a man's swimsuit is different from a woman's in the West. Women cover their entire body to prevent seduction, and has anyone ever heard of an incident of a woman raping a man? Women in the West go out in demonstrations demanding their rights to a safe life without harassment or rape, and we have not heard of similar demonstrations by men.

Muslim women are looking for justice, not equality, as equality with men would make them lose many of their rights and uniqueness. Suppose a person has two sons, one five years old and the other eighteen years old. He wants to buy a shirt for each of them. Equality here would be to buy them both the same size, which would cause one of them to suffer, but justice would be to buy each of them the right size, thus achieving happiness for everyone.

In this day and age, women are trying to prove that they can do everything that men do. But in reality, women lose their uniqueness and privilege in this case. God created her to do what men cannot do. The pain of childbirth has been proven to be one of the most excruciating pains, and religion has given women the honour of not being responsible for maintenance and work, or even having their husbands share their own money with them, as is the case in the West. While God did not give men the strength to endure the pain of childbirth, He gave them the ability to climb mountains, for example.

If a woman likes to climb mountains, work and toil, and claims that she can do that just like a man, she can do that, but in the end she will be the one who will also give birth to children, take care of them and feed them, as a man cannot do this in any case, and this is a double effort for her, which she could have avoided.

What many don't know is that if a Muslim woman wants to claim her rights through the United Nations and give up her rights in Islam, it will be a loss for her, because she has more rights in Islam. Islam fulfils the complementarity for which men and women were created, providing happiness for all.

According to global statistics, males and females are born in approximately the same proportion. It is scientifically recognised that female babies are more likely to survive than male babies. In wars, males are more likely to be killed than females. It is also scientifically known that the average life span of females is longer than that of males. As a result, the percentage of female widows in the world is higher than the percentage of male widows. Thus, we will come to the conclusion that the world's female population is more than the male population. Accordingly, it may not be practical to restrict each man to one wife.

In societies where polygamy is legally prohibited, it is common for men to have mistresses and several extramarital relationships. This is a tacit acknowledgement of polygamy, but it is illegal for them, a situation that was prevalent before Islam, and Islam came to correct it, preserving women's rights and dignity and transforming them from mistresses to wives with dignity and rights for themselves and their children.

Surprisingly, these societies have no issue with accepting relationships without marriage or even same-sex marriage, as well as accepting relationships without clear responsibility or even accepting children without parents, etc. But they do not tolerate a legal marriage between a man and more than one woman. Whereas Islam is wise in this matter and explicit in allowing a man to have multiple wives in order to preserve the dignity and rights of women, and as long as he has less than four wives if the conditions of justice and ability are met. And to solve the issue of women who cannot find a single husband and have no choice but to marry a married man or be forced to accept being a mistress.

Although Islam permits polygamy, it is not the case that Muslims are forced to marry more than one wife.

God Almighty said:

"And if you fear that you will not be just in your dealings with orphans, then marry as many women as you please, in twos, threes, and quartets, and if you fear that you will not be just, then only one..."[208]. (Al-Nisa':3).

The Qur'an is the only religious book in the world that states that monogamy is to be observed when the condition of justice is not met.

God Almighty said:

"And you will not be able to do justice between the women, even if you endeavour to do so, so do not lean so far that you leave them as if they were suspended, and if you are righteous and pious, then God is forgiving and merciful." [209]. (Al-Nisa: 129).

In all cases, a woman has the right to be the sole wife of her husband by stating this condition in the marriage contract, which is a basic condition that must be adhered to and may not be broken.

One very important point that is often overlooked in modern society is the right that Islam gives to women that it does not give to men. Men can only marry unmarried women. Whereas a woman can marry a single or unmarried man. This is to ensure the children's lineage to the biological father and to protect the children's rights and inheritance from their father. However, Islam allows a woman to marry a married man, as long as he has fewer than four wives, if the conditions of justice and ability are met. So women have a wider choice of men to choose from. She has the opportunity to know how the other wife will be treated and to enter into the marriage venture knowing the ethics of that husband.

Even if we admit that it is possible to preserve the right of children through DNA testing with the development of science, what is the guilt of the children when they come into the world and their mother identifies them with their father through this test, how will their psychological state be? Then how can a woman play the role of a wife to four men with the fluctuating mood she has?

It is an honour for women and a duty for men to take care of their affairs and meet their needs. A Muslim woman plays the role of the queen that every woman on earth wishes to be. It is the smart one who chooses what she should be, either an honoured queen, or a toiler on the roadside.

Even if we admit that some Muslim men misuse this guardianship, this does not shame the guardianship system, but rather those who misuse it.

Before Islam, women were deprived of inheritance, but when Islam came, it included them in inheritance, and they even receive more shares than or equal to males, and may inherit more than men in some cases. In other cases, males receive higher proportions than females, depending on the degree of kinship and lineage, which is the case the Qur'an speaks of:

"God commands you in your children, so that the male has the same share as the female..."[210]. (Al-Nisa: 11).

A Muslim woman said one day that she was suffering from not understanding this point until her father-in-law died, and her husband inherited twice the amount that his sister had inherited, and he bought the essentials that he was missing from a private house for his family and a car, and his sister bought jewellery with the amount she received and saved the rest of the money in the bank, since it is her husband who has to provide housing and other essentials, so she understood at that moment the wisdom behind this ruling, and she thanked God.

Even if in many societies women work and toil to take care of their families, the rule of inheritance is not corrupted. Because, for example, the malfunction of a mobile phone caused by the owner of the phone by not following the operating instructions is not evidence that the operating instructions are corrupted.

Muhammad never hit a woman in his life, and the Qur'anic verse that talks about beating, refers to non-violent beating in the case of disobedience, and this type of beating was described in positive law in the United States of America at one time as a permissible beating that does not leave a trace on the body, and is used to prevent a greater danger, such as a person shaking his son's shoulder when he wakes him from deep sleep so that he does not miss the time of the exam.

Imagine a person who finds his daughter standing on the window sill to throw herself, his hands will involuntarily move to her and grab her and push her back so that she does not hurt herself, this is what is meant here by beating a woman, the husband tries to prevent her from destroying her home and destroying the future of her children.

This comes after several stages as mentioned in the verse:

"And those who fear their disobedience, exhort them, leave them in the bed, and beat them; and if they obey you, then you shall have no recourse against them."[211] (Al-Nisa: 34).

Due to the vulnerability of women in general, Islam gives them the right to resort to the judiciary if their husbands misbehave with them.

The basis of the marital relationship in Islam is based on affection, tranquillity and mercy.

God Almighty said:

"And among His signs is that He created for you out of yourselves spouses to dwell with, and made between you love and mercy, for there are signs for those who think."[212] (Rum: 21).

Islam honoured women when it exempted them from the burden of Adam's sin as in other faiths, but Islam made sure to elevate their status.

In Islam, God forgave Adam and taught us how to return to Him when we have sinned throughout life. God said:

"And Adam received from his Lord words, and He repented him, for He is the Compassionate and Merciful One" [213]. (Al-Baqarah: 37).

Mary, the mother of Jesus, is the only woman mentioned by name in the Qur'an.

Women have played a major role in many of the stories mentioned in the Quran, such as Bilquis, Queen of Sheba, and her story with Prophet Solomon, which ended with her faith and Islam to the Lord of the Worlds. As stated in the Holy Quran: "I have found a woman who owns them, and she has everything and a great throne." [214] (Al-Naml: 23).

Islamic history shows us that the Prophet Muhammad consulted women and took their opinions in many situations. He also allowed women to attend mosques like men, provided they were modest, knowing that praying in their homes was better. Women joined men in wars and assisted in nursing. They also participated in commercial transactions and competed in the fields of education and knowledge.

Islam has greatly improved the status of women compared to ancient Arab cultures, forbidding female infanticide and giving women an independent personality. It also arranged contractual matters regarding marriage, preserving women's right to a dowry, guaranteeing their rights to inheritance and their right to own property and manage their own money.

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "The most perfect believers are the ones with the best manners, and the best of you are the best of you to your women." [215] (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi).

God Almighty said:

"Indeed, Muslims and Muslim women, believers and believing men and women, believers and believing women, believers and believing men, believers and believing women, believers and believing women, believers and believing men, believers and believing women, believers and believing women, believers and believing women, believers and believing men, believers and believing women, truthful and truthful men and women, patient and patient women, those who are submissive and submissive Those who fast, those who observe fasting, those who guard their vaginas, those who keep their vaginas clean, those who remember Allah often, and those who remember Allah, Allah has prepared for them forgiveness and a great reward."[216] (Al-Ahzab:35).

"O you who have believed, it is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will, and do not hinder them to go away with some of what you have given them, unless they commit a clear obscenity, and live with them in a manner that is honourable, and if you hate them, it is unlikely that you will hate something and Allah will make it a great good."[217] (Al-Nisa: 19).

"O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from a single soul, and created from it her husband, and from them gave birth to many men and women, and fear God, with whom you ask for mercy, for God has been a watchful guardian over you."[218] (Al-Nisa':1).

"Whoever does good deeds, male or female, while he is a believer, we will give him a good life; and we will reward them with their reward for the best of what they have done."[219] (Al-Nahl:97).

"...they are a garment for you and you are a garment for them..." [220]. (Al-Baqarah:187).

"And among His signs is that He has created for you from yourselves spouses to dwell with, and made between you love and mercy, for there are signs for those who think" [221]. (Rum:21).

"They ask you about women; say, 'Allah will advise you about them, and what is read to you in the Book concerning the orphans of women who do not give them what has been written for them and desire to marry them, and those who are weak among the children, and that you should stand up for the orphans with justice, and whatever you do that is good, Allah is well-informed of it. (127) And if a woman fears that her husband is disobedient or disobedient, it is not forbidden for them to reconcile between them, and reconciliation is good."[222] And if you are good and pious, Allah is well aware of what you do. (Al-Nisa:127-128).

God Almighty ordered men to spend on women and maintain their finances without the woman having any financial obligations towards the family. Islam also preserved the identity of the woman by allowing her to keep her family name even after joining her husband.

Judaism, Christianity and Islam are in complete agreement on the severity of punishment for the offence of adultery [223] . (Old Testament, Leviticus 20:10-18).

In Christianity, Christ emphasised the meaning of adultery, not limiting it to the physical act, but transferring it to the moral perception[224]. Christianity forbids adulterers to inherit the Kingdom of God, and there is no other option for them than eternal torment in hell[225]. The punishment for adulterers in this life is as prescribed by the Law of Moses, i.e. death by stoning[226]. (New Testament, Matthew 5:27-30). (New Testament, 1 Corinthians 6:9-10). (New Testament, John 8:3-11).

Biblical scholars today recognise that the story of Christ's pardon of the adulteress is not found in the earliest copies of the Gospel of John, but was added to it later, as modern translations[227] acknowledge. Most importantly, Christ had declared at the beginning of his call that he did not come to break the law of Moses and the prophets before him, and that it would be easier for him to destroy the heavens and the earth than to drop a single point of the law of Moses, as stated in the Gospel of Luke[228]. Hence, Christ could not break the law of Moses by leaving the adulterous woman unpunished. https://www.alukah.net/sharia/ 0/82804/ (New Testament, Gospel of Luke 16:17).

The hudud is imposed by the testimony of four witnesses with a description of the incident of adultery that confirms its occurrence, not just the mere presence of a man and a woman in one place, and if one of the witnesses retracts his testimony, the hududud is suspended. This explains the paucity and rarity of the enforcement of the hudud of adultery in Islamic law throughout history, because it can only be proven in this way, which is difficult and almost impossible unless the perpetrator confesses.

If the hudud for adultery is based on the confession of one of the two sinners - and not on the testimony of the four witnesses - there is no hudud on the second party who did not confess his offence.

God has made the door of repentance open.

God Almighty said:

"Repentance is upon Allah for those who do wrong in ignorance and then repent soon afterwards, then Allah repents upon them, and Allah is all-knowing and all-wise."[229] (Al-Nisa: 17).

"And whoever does wrong or wrongs himself, and then asks Allah for forgiveness, Allah will be forgiving and merciful."[230] (Al-Nisa: 110).

"God wants to relieve you and man was created weak" [231]. (Al-Nisa: 28).

Islam recognises this innate human need. But it works to satisfy this innate drive through the legitimate way: It calls for early marriage, and helps to complete it from the House of Money if special circumstances prevent it. It is also keen to cleanse society from all means of spreading immorality, to set high goals that exhaust energy and direct it for the sake of good, and to occupy leisure time in drawing closer to God, all of which prevents any justification for committing the crime of adultery. However, Islam does not initiate punishment until the act of adultery is proven by the testimony of four witnesses, knowing that the presence of four witnesses is rare unless the perpetrator has openly committed the offence, and thus deserves this severe punishment, knowing that committing adultery is one of the great sins, whether secretly or openly.

A woman came to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asking him to impose the hadd on her, as she was pregnant from adultery. The Prophet called her guardian and said: This shows the perfection of the Shari'ah and the perfection of the Creator's mercy towards His creatures.

The Prophet told her: Go back until you give birth. When she returned, he told her: "Go back until you have weaned your son." Based on her insistence on returning after the baby was weaned to the Prophet, he imposed the hadd on her and said: "She has repented a repentance that if it were distributed among seventy of the people of Madinah, it would be enough for them.

The Prophet's mercy was manifested in this noble attitude.

Creator's Justice

Islam has called for justice between people and fairness in weighing and measuring.

God Almighty said:

He said, "O my people, worship Allah, for you have no other God besides Him, for you have received a proof from your Lord, so fulfil the weight and the balance, and do not deprive people of their possessions, and do not corrupt the earth after it has been reformed. and do not deprive people of their things, and do not corrupt the earth after it has been reformed; this is better for you if you are believers" [232]. (Al-A'raf: 85).

"O you who have believed, be stewards of God, witnesses of justice, and do not let the resentment of some people cause you not to be just; be just is the closest thing to piety; and fear God, for God is aware of what you do."[233] (Al-Ma'idah:8).

"Allah commands you to pay the trusts to their rightful owners, and when you judge between men, you must judge justly, for Allah is not afraid to admonish you." [234]. (Al-Nisa: 58).

"Allah commands justice, charity and giving to one's neighbour, and forbids obscenity, immorality and oppression, so that you may remember" [235]. (Al-Nahl: 90).

"O you who have believed, do not enter houses other than your own until you ask permission and greet their occupants; this is better for you, that you may remember" [236]. (Al-Nur:27).

"If you do not find anyone in them, do not enter them until you are given permission, and if you are told to go back, go back; it is wiser for you, and Allah is aware of what you do."[237] (Al-Nur:28).

"O you who have believed, if a false report comes to you, be sure, lest you injure some people in ignorance and regret what you have done" [238]. (Al-Hujrat:6).

"If two groups of believers fight each other, reconcile between them, and if one of them prevails over the other, then fight the one that prevails until it comes to the command of Allah, and if it fails, then reconcile between them with justice and fairness, for Allah loves the fair-minded."[239] (Al-Hujrat:9).

"Believers are brothers, so reconcile between your brothers, and fear Allah, that you may have mercy" [240]. (Al-Hujrat:10).

"O you who believe, do not make fun of men of men, who may be better than them, nor women of women, who may be better than them, and do not insult yourselves, and do not call each other names; the worst name is immorality after faith, and whoever does not repent, those are the ones who are unjust."[241] (Al-Hujrat:11).

"O you who have believed, avoid a great deal of suspicion, for some suspicion is a sin, and do not spy on one another, and do not slander one another, for would one of you like to eat his brother's dead flesh?"[242] Fear Allah, for Allah is a forgiving and merciful God. (Al-Hujrat:12).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "One of you does not believe until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself. "[243] Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim.

Rights in Islam

Before Islam, slavery was a system that existed among peoples, and it was unrestricted. Islam's fight against slavery aimed to change the outlook and mentality of the entire society, so that after their liberation, slaves would become full and active members of society, without the need to resort to demonstrations, strikes, civil disobedience, or even ethnic revolutions. Islam's goal was to get rid of this abhorrent system as quickly and peacefully as possible.

Islam does not allow the ruler to treat his subjects as slaves, and Islam grants both the ruler and the ruled rights and duties within the limits of freedom and justice guaranteed to all. Slaves are gradually freed through expiation, opening the door of charity, and hastening in goodness by freeing necks to bring them closer to the Lord of the Worlds.

A woman who gave birth to her master was not sold and automatically gained her freedom upon her master's death. Unlike all previous traditions, Islam legalised that the son of a slave woman could join his father and become free. It also legalised that a slave could buy himself from his master by paying a sum of money or working for a certain period of time.

God Almighty said:

"...and those who seek the Scripture from what you have in your hands, write to them if you know that there is good in them..." [244]. (Al-Nur: 33).

In battles fought in defence of religion, soul and property, the Prophet Muhammad ordered his companions to treat captives with kindness. Captives could gain their freedom by paying a sum of money or teaching children to read and write. Islam's system of captivity did not deprive a child of his mother or a brother of his brother.

Islam commands Muslims to show mercy to those fighters who surrender.

God Almighty said:

"And if one of the disbelievers asks you for refuge, give him shelter until he hears the words of Allah, and then give him his place of safety, for they are people who do not know."[245] (Al-Tawbah: 6).

Islam also stipulates that slaves can be helped to free themselves by paying from Muslim funds or the state treasury, as the Prophet (peace be upon him and his companions) paid a ransom to free slaves from the public treasury.

God Almighty said:

"And your Lord has decreed that you shall worship none but Him, and that you shall do good to your parents. (23) And lower for them the wing of humility out of mercy, and say, 'Lord, have mercy on them as they brought me up as a little child'" [246]. (Al-Israa':23-24).

"And We have commanded man to his parents in charity; his mother bore him against his will and gave birth to him against his will; and his pregnancy and parturition are thirty months; until he came of age and reached forty years of age, when he said. "Lord, enable me to give thanks for Your grace which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents, and to do good deeds pleasing to You, and reform me in my offspring; I repent to You, and I am of the Muslims."[247] (Al-Ahqaf:15).

"And give the neighbour his due, and the poor, and the son of the wayfarer, and do not squander prodigally."[248] (Al-Israa':26).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "By Allah, he does not believe, by Allah, he does not believe, by Allah, he does not believe, by Allah, he does not believe: The one who does not trust his neighbour with his evil." [249]. (Agreed upon).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "The neighbour is entitled to his neighbour's intercession (the right of the neighbour to own the property forcibly against the buyer), even if he is absent, if their paths are the same." [250] The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "The neighbour is entitled to the intercession of his neighbour. (Musnad al-Imam Ahmad).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "O Abu Dharr, if you cook a broth, increase its water and help your neighbours." [251] (Narrated by Muslim).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever has land and wants to sell it, let him offer it to his neighbour."[252] The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "Whoever has land and wants to sell it, let him offer it to his neighbour. (Sahih hadith in Sunan Ibn Majah).

God Almighty said:

"And there is no beast on earth, nor a bird that flies on its wings, except nations like yourselves; we have not omitted anything in the Book, and then to their Lord they will be gathered." [253] (Al-An'am:38).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "A woman was tormented in a cat, which she imprisoned until it died, and she went into the Fire; neither did she feed it, nor did she water it when she locked it up, nor did she let it eat from the grass of the earth." [254] (Agreed upon).

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "A man saw a dog eating thirst, so the man took his moccasin and scooped it up until he watered it, and Allah thanked him and let him into Paradise." [255] (Narrated by Bukhari and Muslim).

God Almighty said:

"And do not corrupt the earth after it has been reformed, and call upon Him in fear and hope, for the mercy of Allah is near to those who do good." [256]. (Al-A'raf:56).

"Corruption has appeared on land and sea because of what people's hands have done, that they may taste some of what they have done, that they may return." [257]. (Rum:41).

"And when he turns away, he endeavours to wreak havoc in the land, to destroy the crops and the offspring, and Allah does not love corruption" [258]. (Al-Baqarah: 205).

"And in the earth there are pieces of land, and gardens of grapevines, and crops and palm trees, both healthy and unhealthy, watered by the same water, and we prefer some of them over others in eating, for there are signs for those who are wise."[259] (Al-Ra'd: 4).

Islam teaches us that social duties should be based on affection, kindness and respect for others.

Islam establishes foundations, standards and controls and defines rights and duties in all relationships that bind society.

God Almighty said:

"Worship Allah, and make no common cause with Him." [260] "And you shall worship Allah and make no common cause with Him, and you shall do good to your parents, to your relatives, to orphans, to the poor, to your neighbour, to your next-door neighbour, to your neighbour on the side, to your companion on the side, to the son of the way, and to what you have in your possession, for Allah does not love those who are proud and proud. (Al-Nisa: 36).

"...and live with them in a manner that is honourable, and if you hate them, it is unlikely that you will hate something and Allah will make it a great good." [261]. (Al-Nisa':19).

"O you who have believed, when you are told to make room in the councils, make room, and Allah will make room for you; and when you are told to make room, make room for you." [262] Allah raises those who have believed among you and those who have acquired knowledge by degrees, and Allah is aware of what you are doing. (Al-Mujadala: 11).

Islam encourages sponsoring an orphan, and urges the sponsor to treat the orphan as he treats his own children, but leaves the right for the orphan to identify his real family, to preserve his right to his father's inheritance, and to avoid genealogical confusion.

The story of the Western girl who accidentally learnt thirty years later that she was an adopted daughter and committed suicide is the biggest proof of the corruption of the adoption law. If they had told her when she was young, they would have had mercy on her and given her the opportunity to search for her family.

God Almighty said:

"But as for the orphan, do not oppress him."[263] (Al-Duha: 9).

And they ask you about the orphans; Say: "Reforming them is good; if you associate with them, you are your brothers; and Allah knows what is corrupt from what is good; but if Allah willed, He would have helped you; for Allah is the Almighty, the Wise" [264]. (Al-Baqarah: 220).

"And when those who are close relatives, orphans and the poor are present in the division, provide for them from it, and say to them a well-known word."[265] (Al-Nisa: 8).

No harm or damage in Islam

Meat is an essential source of protein, and humans have flat teeth and pointed teeth, and these teeth are suitable and adapted for chewing and grinding meat. God made man's teeth suitable for eating plants and animals, and created a digestive system suitable for digesting plant and animal foods, which is proof that eating them is permissible.

God Almighty said:

"...Allowed to you are the livestock..." [266]. (Al-Ma'idah: 1).

The Qur'an provides some rules regarding food:

"Say: I find nothing in what has been revealed to me that is forbidden to a person who eats it, unless it be dead meat, or blood that has been spilled, or pork, for it is an abomination, or an abomination sacrificed to other than Allah."[267] If one is forced to do so, and does not seek revenge, your Lord is forgiving and merciful. (Al-An'am: 145).

"Forbidden to you are death, blood, pork, and that which is sacrificed to other than Allah, as well as that which is sacrificed to Allah, and that which is smothered, that which is culled, that which is culled, that which is muttered, that which is eaten by the seven seals, except that which you have sacrificed, and that which is sacrificed on stones."[268] This is fornication. (Al-Ma'idah: 3).

God said:

"And eat and drink, and do not be extravagant, for He does not love the extravagant."[269] (Al-A'raf:31).

Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him)[270] said: "He instructed His servants to include what sustains the body in terms of food and drink, and that it should be as much as is beneficial to the body in terms of quantity and quality, and when it exceeds that, it is wasteful, and both of them are a barrier to health and a cause of disease, namely not eating and drinking, or being wasteful, so all health is preserved in these two words." "Zad al-Ma'ad" (4/213).

Allah, the Almighty, in describing the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), said: "...and He permits them the good things and forbids them the bad things..."[271] The Almighty said: "...and He permits them the good things and forbids them the bad things... The Almighty said: "They ask you what is permitted for them, say: 'I have permitted for you good things...'"[272] (Al-A'raf:277). (Al-A'raf: 157). (Al-Ma'idah: 4).

Every good thing is halal and every bad thing is haram.

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) explained what a believer should eat and drink, saying: "No human being has ever filled a vessel with anything worse than his stomach, and the son of man should eat enough food to sustain his body, and if he has no choice, one-third should be for his food, one-third for his drink, and one-third for his breath." [273] The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) (Narrated by al-Tirmidhi).

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "There is no harm and no damage."[274 (Narrated by Ibn Majah).

The method of Islamic slaughter, which is cutting the throat and esophagus of the animal with a sharp knife, is more merciful than stunning and strangulation, because once the blood flow to the brain is interrupted, the animal does not feel pain, and the animal's uprising when slaughtered is not due to pain, but because of the rapid blood flow, which facilitates the exit of all blood to the outside, unlike other methods that trap the blood inside the animal's body, which harms the health of those who eat this meat.

The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "Allah has written benevolence on everything, so if you kill, kill well, and if you slaughter, slaughter well, and let one of you sharpen his blade, and let him rest his carcass." [275]. (Narrated by Muslim).

There is a great difference between the soul of an animal and the soul of human beings. The soul of an animal is the driving force of the body, if it leaves it by death it becomes a lifeless corpse, which is a kind of life, and plants and trees also have a kind of life, which is not called a soul, but it is called a life that flows in its parts with water, if it leaves it, it withers and falls.

God Almighty said:

"... And We have made from water all things alive, so that they may not believe."[276] (Al-Anbiya:30).

However, it is not like the human soul, which is attributed to God for the purpose of honouring and honouring, and its meaning is known only by God and belongs only to man. The human soul is a divine command that is not required for man to understand its essence, and it is a fusion of the moving force of the body and the thinking forces (intellect), perception, knowledge and faith, which distinguishes it from the soul of animals.

It is one of God's mercies and kindnesses to His creation that He has allowed us to eat good things and forbidden us to eat bad things.

God Almighty said:

"Those who follow the Messenger, the Ummi Prophet, whom they find written before them in the Torah and the Gospel, commanding them to do what is good and forbidding them to do what is evil, and forbidding them to do what is good and forbidding them to do what is evil, and removing from them their burdens and the shackles that were upon them. And He removes from them their burdens and the shackles that were upon them, so those who believe in Him, strengthen and support Him, and follow the light that was sent down with Him, those are the ones who are successful" [277]. (Al-Imran: 157).

Some converts to Islam cite the pig as the reason for their conversion.

Since they knew in advance that this animal is very dirty and causes many diseases to the body, they hated eating it. They thought that Muslims do not eat pork only because it is forbidden in their book because they revere it and worship it, until they later realised that eating pork is forbidden by Muslims because it is a dirty animal and its meat is harmful to health, and then they realised the greatness of this religion.

God Almighty says:

"What is forbidden to you is death, blood, pork, and that which is dedicated to other than Allah, but if you are forced to do so, there is no sin on you, for Allah is forgiving and merciful" [278]. (Al-Baqarah: 173).

The prohibition against eating pork is also found in the Old Testament.

"And the swine, because it cuts off one hind limb and divides it into two hind limbs, but it does not burrow, it is unclean to you. Of their flesh you shall not eat, and of their carcasses you shall not touch. They are unclean to you."[279] (Leviticus 7:11-8).

"And the swine, because it splits the hoof, but does not burrow, is unclean to you. Of its flesh you shall not eat, and of its carcass you shall not touch."[280] (Deuteronomy 8:14).

It is well known that the Law of Moses is also the Law of Christ according to what the New Testament says in the words of Christ.

"Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets. I have not come to destroy, but to fulfil. For verily I say unto you: Until heaven and earth pass away, not one letter or one point of the law shall pass away, until all be fulfilled. Whoever breaks one of these least commandments, and teaches men accordingly, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven. But whoever does and teaches, he will be called great in the kingdom of heaven."[281] (Matthew 5:17-19).

Therefore, eating pork is as forbidden in Christianity as it was in Judaism.

The concept of money in Islam is for trade, the exchange of goods and services, construction and urbanisation. When we lend money for the purpose of earning money, we have taken money out of its original purpose as a means of exchange and development and made it an end in itself.

The interest or usury charged on loans is an incentive for lenders as they cannot afford to lose, so the cumulative profits that lenders receive over the years will increase the gap between the rich and the poor. In recent decades, governments and institutions have been widely involved in this area, and we have seen many examples of the collapse of the economic system of some countries. Riba has the ability to spread corruption in society in a way that other crimes cannot[282].

God Almighty said: Based on Christian principles, Thomas Aquinas condemned usury or borrowing with interest, and the Church, due to its great religious and secular role, was able to generalise the prohibition of usury to its subjects after it committed to prohibiting it to the clergy from the second century, and the justifications for prohibiting interest, according to Thomas Aquinas, are that interest cannot be the price of the lender's waiting on the borrower, that is, a price for the time owned by the borrower because they see that procedure as a commercial transaction. The philosopher Aristotle believed that money is a means of exchange, not a means of collecting interest. Plato, on the other hand, saw interest as a form of exploitation, practised by the rich against the poor members of society. Usurious transactions were prevalent during the time of the Greeks. The creditor had the right to sell the debtor in the slave market if the debtor was unable to pay his debt. The Romans were no different. It is worth noting that this prohibition was not subject to religious influences as it occurred more than three centuries before the advent of Christianity. The Bible forbade its followers to deal in usury, as did the Torah.

"O you who have believed, do not eat usury in multiples, and fear Allah, that you may be successful."[283] (Al Imran:130).

"And what you give in usury to multiply in the wealth of men, it will not multiply with Allah; and what you give in zakat to seek the face of Allah, those are the ones who are weaker" [284]. (Rum: 39).

The Old Testament also prohibited usury, as we find in the book of Leviticus, for example:

"If your brother is poor and his hand is short with you, support him as a stranger or as a settler, and he shall live with you. Thou shalt not take usury or usury from him, but fear thy God, and thy brother shall live with thee. Your silver shall not be given by usury, and your food shall not be given by usury."[285]

As mentioned earlier, it is well known that the Law of Moses is also the Law of Christ according to what the New Testament says about Christ (Leviticus 25:35-37).

"Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets. I have not come to destroy, but to fulfil. For verily I say unto you: Until heaven and earth pass away, not one letter or one point of the law shall pass away, until all be fulfilled. Whoever breaks one of these least commandments, and teaches men accordingly, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven. But whoever does and teaches, he will be called great in the kingdom of heaven."[286] (Matthew 5:17-19).

Therefore, usury is as forbidden in Christianity as it was in Judaism.

As stated in the Holy Quran:

"By injustice of those who have gone astray, We have forbidden to them good things that had been granted to them, and by their turning away from the way of Allah (160) and taking usury, from which they have forbidden, and eating the money of men in vain, and We have prepared for those who disbelieve a painful punishment." [287]. (Al-Nisa: 160-161).

Allah, the Almighty, has distinguished man from all other creatures by his intellect, and Allah has forbidden us what harms us and harms our minds and bodies, and therefore He has forbidden everything that gets drunk, because it covers the minds, harms them and leads them to all kinds of corruption. A drunk person may kill others, commit adultery, steal, and other great evils that result from drinking alcohol.

God Almighty says:

"O you who have believed, wine and gambling are an abomination from the work of Satan, so avoid them, that you may be successful" [288]. (Al-Ma'idah:90).

The Messenger of Allah said: "Every intoxicant is a wine, and every intoxicant is forbidden." [289] The Messenger of Allah said: "Every intoxicant is a wine, and every intoxicant is forbidden. (Narrated by Muslim).

Its prohibition is based on its great harm to the individual and society.

Alcohol was forbidden in Christianity and Judaism as well, but most people today do not practice it.

"Wine is a mocker, drunkenness is a mocker, and whoever staggers with them is not wise."[290] (Book of Proverbs, chapter 20, number 1).

"And do not get drunk with wine in which there is lewdness."[291] (Book of Ephesians, chapter 5, number 18).

The well-known medical journal The Lancet published research in 2010 on the most destructive drugs for the individual and society. The study was based on 20 drugs, including alcohol, heroin, tobacco and others, and was evaluated on the basis of 16 criteria, including nine criteria related to harm to the individual himself and seven criteria related to harm to others, and was given a score out of 100 points.

The result was that if we consider both individual harm and harm to others together, alcohol is the most harmful drug of all and ranks number one.

Another study on safe alcohol consumption said:

"Zero! is the safe level of alcohol consumption to avoid loss of life from alcohol-related illness and injury." So announced the researchers in a report on the website of the renowned scientific journal Lancet itself. The study involved the largest data analysis to date on the subject. It surveyed 28 million people worldwide representing 195 countries from 1990 to 2016 to estimate the prevalence of alcohol consumption and quantities consumed (using 694 data sources) and the relationship of that consumption to alcohol-related health harms and risks (extracted from 592 before-and-after studies). The results reveal that alcohol is responsible for 2.8 million deaths annually around the world.

The researchers recommended that alcohol taxation should be introduced to reduce its presence in the market and advertising as a precursor to banning it from the market in the future. Truly, God Almighty has said:

"Is Allah not the wisest of all judges?" [292]. (Al-Teen:8).

Pillars of Islam

Shahada and acknowledgement of the oneness of the Creator and his worship alone, and acknowledgement that Muhammad is his slave and messenger.

Maintaining communication with the Lord of the Worlds through prayer.

Strengthening human will and self-control and developing feelings of compassion and empathy for others through fasting.

Spending a small percentage of his savings to the poor and needy through Zakat, which is a worship that helps a person to overcome the qualities of generosity and giving over the tendencies of stinginess and miserliness.

The act of devotion to the Creator at a specific time and place by performing the same rituals and feelings for all believers through the pilgrimage to Mecca. It is a symbol of unity in orientation to the Creator across all human affiliations, cultures, languages, degrees and colours.

A Muslim prays in obedience to his Lord, who commanded him to pray and made it one of the pillars of Islam.

Muslims pray at five in the morning every day, and their non-Muslim friends do their morning exercise at exactly the same time. For them, prayer is physical and spiritual nourishment, and exercise is physical nourishment only, which is different from supplication, which is asking God for a need, without physical movement of bowing and prostration, which a Muslim can do at any time.

Look at how much we take care of our bodies while the soul is starving, and the result is countless suicides of the most affluent people in the world.

Worship cancels out the sensation in the brain's feeling centre, the sense of self and the sense of those around us, and the person feels a great deal of transcendence, a sensation that can only be understood by the person who experiences it.

Worship moves the feeling centres in the brain, transforming faith from theoretical information and rituals to subjective emotional experiences. Is a father satisfied with a verbal welcome when his son returns from travelling? He does not rest until he hugs and kisses him. The mind has an innate desire to materialise beliefs and ideas in a physical form, so worship and obedience are embodied in prayer and fasting, and so on.

Dr. Andrew Newberg[293] says: "Worship plays a major role in improving physical, mental and psychological health, and in achieving tranquillity and spiritual elevation, and turning to the Creator leads to greater tranquillity and elevation." Director of the Centre for Spiritual Studies at the University of Pennsylvania, USA.

A Muslim follows the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and prays exactly as the Prophet prayed.

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Pray as you saw me pray" [294]. (Narrated by Bukhari).

By praying, a Muslim addresses his Lord five times a day because of his strong desire to communicate with him throughout the day. It is the means that God has provided for us to address Him and has commanded us to adhere to it for our own good.

God Almighty said:

Recite what has been revealed to you from the Book and observe the prayer, for the prayer forbids obscenity and immorality, and the remembrance of God is greater, and God knows what you do."[295] (Al-Ankabut:45).

As humans, we hardly stop talking to our spouses and children on the phone every day, because we love them so much and are so attached to them.

The importance of prayer also appears in that it deters the soul when it is tempted to do wrong and pushes the soul to do good whenever it recalls its Creator, fearing His punishment and aspiring for His forgiveness and reward.

Since it is difficult for humans to constantly remember or renew their intentions, there must be times of prayer to communicate with the Lord of the Worlds and to renew their devotion to Him in worship and work. These times are a minimum of five times a day and night that reflect the main times and phenomena of day and night fluctuations during the day (dawn, noon, afternoon, evening, maghrib, and dinner).

God Almighty said:

"Be patient with what they say, and praise the praise of your Lord before the sun rises and before it sets, and during the night, praise Him, and at the end of the day, that you may be satisfied."[296] (Taha:130).

Before sunrise and before sunset: Fajr and Asr prayers.

It is a night prayer: The evening prayer.

And daytime prayers: Dhuhr and Maghrib prayers.

These five prayers cover all the natural changes that occur during the day and remind us of our Creator and Sustainer.

God made the Ka'ba [297] the Sacred House the first house of worship and a symbol of the unity of believers, as all Muslims turn to it when praying, forming circles from different parts of the earth with Mecca at its centre. The Qur'an presents us with many scenes of the interaction of worshippers with nature around them, such as the praise and chanting of the mountains and birds with the Prophet David: "We have given David a favour from us, O mountains and birds, and we have softened iron for him."[298] The Qur'an affirms that the entire universe is one. Islam emphasises in more than one situation that the entire universe, including its creatures, praises and glorifies the Lord of the worlds. God Almighty said: (Saba:10).

"The first house that was established for mankind was the one in Bakkah, blessed and a guide for the world."[299] (Al Imran: 96). The Kaaba is a square, almost cube-shaped building located in the centre of the Grand Mosque in Makkah. This building has a door and no windows. There is nothing in it and it is not a tomb. It is a room for prayer. A Muslim praying inside the Kaaba can pray in any direction. The Kaaba has been rebuilt many times throughout history. Prophet Ibrahim was the first to raise the bases of the house with his son Ishmael. In the corner of the Kaaba is the Black Stone, which is believed to have come from the time of Adam, but it is not a supernatural stone or has no supernatural powers, but it is a symbol for Muslims.

The spherical nature of the earth, the succession of night and day, and the joining of Muslims with their circumambulation of the Kaaba and their five prayers throughout the day from different parts of the earth towards Mecca are part of the system of the universe in the permanent and continuous communication in the glorification and praise of the Lord of the Worlds. The Creator commanded Abraham to raise the bases of the Kaaba and circumambulate it, and ordered us to make the Kaaba the qibla of prayer.

The Kaaba has been mentioned many times throughout history, visited annually by people from even the most remote parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and its sanctity is respected throughout the Arabian Peninsula. It is mentioned in the Old Testament prophecies, "They who pass through the valley of Baka shall make it a spring."[300] It is mentioned in the prophecies of the Old Testament.

The Arabs revered the Sacred House in their jahiliyyah, and when the Prophet Muhammad was sent to the Prophet, God first made him pray to the Holy House of Jerusalem, then commanded him to switch from it to the Sacred House in order to extract from the followers of the Prophet Muhammad those who are faithful to God from those who turn against him. The purpose of the qibla shift was to dedicate hearts to God and strip them of attachment to others, until the Muslims surrendered and turned to the qibla directed by the Prophet, and the Jews considered the Prophet's direction to pray to Jerusalem as an argument. (Old Testament, Psalms: 84).

The conversion of the Qibla was also a turning point and signalled the transfer of religious leadership to the Arabs after it was taken away from the Israelites, due to their breaking of the covenants with the Lord of the Worlds.

There is a big difference between pagan religions and the veneration of certain places and feelings, whether religious or national and national.

For example, throwing the Jamarat is, according to some sayings, to show our opposition to the devil and not to follow him, and following the example of our master Abraham, peace be upon him, when the devil appeared to him to prevent him from carrying out the command of his Lord and slaughtering his son, so he threw stones at him[301]. Similarly, seeking between Safa and Marwah is an imitation of the action of Mrs Hajar when she sought water for her son Ishmael. In any case, regardless of the opinions on this matter, all the rituals of Hajj are meant to establish the remembrance of God and to signify obedience and submission to the Lord of the Worlds and are not intended to worship stones, places or people. Islam calls for the worship of one God, who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and everything in between, and the Creator and Owner of everything. Imam al-Hakim in al-Mustadrak and Imam Ibn Khuzaymah in his Sahih on the authority of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him).

Should we fault someone for kissing an envelope containing a letter from his father, for example, all the rituals of the Hajj are for the remembrance of God and to signify obedience and submission to the Lord of the Worlds, and are not intended to worship stones, places or people. Islam calls for the worship of one God, who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth and everything in between, and the Creator and Owner of everything.

God Almighty said:

"I have set my face to the One who established the heavens and the earth, and I am not of the polytheists" [302]. (Al-An'am:80).

Death due to crowding in Hajj has only happened in a few years, and it is usual that those who die due to crowding are very few, but those who die due to drinking alcohol, for example, are in the millions every year, and the victims of football stadiums and carnivals in South America and more. In any case, death is right, meeting God is right, and dying in obedience is better than dying in disobedience.

Malcolm X says:

"For the first time in my twenty-nine years on this earth, I stood before the Creator of all things and felt that I was a complete human being, and I have never witnessed anything truer than this brotherhood between people of all colours and races, and America needs to understand Islam because it is the only religion that has the solution to the issue of racism." [303] He corrected the march of the Islamic movement in America after it deviated strongly from the Islamic faith. An African-American Islamic preacher and human rights defender, he corrected the path of the Islamic movement in America after it deviated strongly from the Islamic faith, and called for the correct doctrine.

The Creator's Mercy

Individualists consider the defence of the interests of the individual to be paramount and should be placed above state and group considerations, while opposing any external interference with the interest of the individual by society or institutions such as the government.
There are many verses in the Qur'an that refer to God's mercy and love for His servants, but God's love for His servant is not like the love of servants for each other, because love in human standards is a need that the lover lacks and finds it in the beloved, but God is rich in us, so His love for us is a love of favour and mercy, love of the strong for the weak, love of the rich for the poor, love of the able for the helpless, love of the great for the small, and love of wisdom.

Do we allow our children to do whatever they want under the pretext of our love for them? Do we allow our young children to throw themselves out of the window or play with exposed electrical wires under the pretext of our love for them?

It is not possible for an individual's decisions to be based on his personal benefit and pleasure and to be the centre of the main concern, and to achieve his personal interests above the considerations of the country and the influences of society and religion, and allow him to change his gender, do what he likes, wear and behave on the road as he wants, under the pretext that the road is for everyone.

If a person lived with a group of people in one common house, would he accept that one of his housemates would do something disgraceful such as defecating in the hall under the pretext that the house is for everyone? Would he accept life in this house without rules and regulations? With absolute freedom, man becomes an ugly being, and it has been proven beyond any doubt that he is unable to bear this freedom.

Individualism cannot be an alternative identity to the collective identity, no matter how powerful or influential the individual may be. The members of society are layers, some of which are indispensable to each other. Soldiers, doctors, nurses, judges, how can any of them put their own interests above others to achieve their own happiness and become the centre of attention?

Man's release of his instincts makes him a slave to them, and God wants him to be a master of them. God wants him to be a sane and wise man who controls his instincts, not to disable them, but to direct them to elevate the soul and elevate the spirit.

When a father obliges his children to devote time to study, so that they can gain academic status in the future, but they only want to play, is he a cruel father?

God Almighty said:

Walut said to his people, "You are committing abominations that no one in the world has preceded you. (80) Indeed, you lust for men rather than women, but you are an extravagant people. (81) The response of his people was only that they said, "Take them out of your village, for they are people who purify themselves."[305] (Al-A'raf: 80-82).

This verse confirms that homosexuality is not hereditary, nor is it part of the human genetic code, because Lot's people were the first to invent this type of obscenity. This coincides with the most extensive scientific study, which confirms that homosexuality has nothing to do with genetics[306]. https://kaheel7.net/?p=15851 Al-Kahil Encyclopaedia of Miracles in the Qur'an and Sunnah.

Do we accept and respect the thief's tendency to steal? This is also a tendency, but in both cases it is an unnatural tendency, it is a departure from human nature, an assault on nature, and must be corrected.

God has created man and guided him to the right path, and he has the freedom to choose between the path of good and the path of evil.

God Almighty said:

"And We guided him to the two paths" [307]. (Al-Balad: 10).

Therefore, we find that societies in which homosexuality is forbidden rarely show this abnormality, and the environment that permits and encourages this behaviour increases the percentage of homosexuals, which shows that what determines the likelihood of homosexuality in humans is the environment and the teachings surrounding it.

The identity of the human being changes every moment, depending on whether he watches satellite TV, uses technology or is a fan of a football team, for example, globalisation has made him a complex human being. The traitor has become the owner of a point of view, the homosexual has become the owner of normal behaviour, and he has the legal right to participate in public debates, and we even have to support and reconcile with him. If the homosexual is the one with the technology, he will impose his convictions on the other party, which leads to the corruption of man's relationship with himself, his society, and his Creator. As individualism is directly linked to homosexuality, the human nature to which the human race belongs has faded, and the concepts of the single family have fallen, so the West began to develop solutions to get rid of individualism, because continuing with this concept will lose the gains achieved by modern man, as it lost the concept of the family, and thus the West still suffers today from the issue of shrinking numbers of individuals in society, which led to opening the doors to attract immigrants. Believing in God, respecting the laws of the universe that He created for us, and abiding by His commands and prohibitions is the path to happiness in this world and the hereafter.

God is forgiving and merciful to those who commit sins that are committed without persistence and due to human humanity and weakness, then repent, and do not intend to defy the Creator, but He will punish those who defy Him and deny His existence or depict Him in an idol or animal. Similarly, those who persist in their disobedience and do not repent, and God does not wish to repent them. If a person insults an animal, no one will blame him, but if he insults his parents, he will be severely blamed. We should not look at the smallness of the sin, but we should look at the one we have disobeyed.

Evil does not come from God, evil is not existential, existence is purely good.

If a person, for example, beats another person until he is unable to move, he has acquired the quality of injustice, and injustice is evil.

But it is not evil to have the power to take a stick and beat someone else with it.

Having a God-given will is not evil.

And being able to move his hand is not evil?

Isn't the presence of the striking quality in the stick not evil?

Based on this example, the existence of the scorpion and the snake is not evil in itself unless a person is exposed to it and is stung by it. God is not attributed evil in His actions, which are purely good, but in the events that God allowed to occur by His judgement and destiny for a certain wisdom and entail many interests, with His ability to prevent them from happening, and which resulted from the misuse of this goodness by humans in a wrong way.

The Creator has established the laws of nature and the laws that govern it, and it protects itself when corruption or environmental imbalance appears and maintains the existence of this balance in order to reform the earth and continue life in a better way, and that what benefits people and life is what stays and remains in the earth, and when disasters occur in the earth that affect humans such as diseases, volcanoes, earthquakes and floods, God's names and attributes are manifested as Al-Qawi, Al-Shaafi and Al-Hafiz, for example, in His healing of the sick and preservation of the survivor, or His name Justice in the punishment of the unjust to others and the disobedient. For example, He heals the sick and saves the survivor, or His name Justice is manifested in the punishment of the oppressor of others and the disobedient, and His name Wise is manifested in the testing and testing of the disobedient, for which He is rewarded with charity if he is patient and with torment if he is weary, so that man recognises the greatness of his Lord through these tests just as he recognises His beauty through His gifts, if man only knows the attributes of divine beauty, he does not know God Almighty.

The existence of misfortune, evil and pain was the reason behind the atheism of many modern materialist philosophers, including the philosopher Anthony Flew, who acknowledged the existence of God before his death and wrote a book called "There is a God", even though he was a leader of atheism during the second half of the twentieth century, and when he acknowledged the existence of God:

"The presence of evil and pain in human life does not negate the existence of God, but it pushes us to reconsider the divine attributes." Anthony Flew considers that these disasters have many positives, as they provoke man's material capabilities, so he creates what brings him safety, and also provokes his best psychological traits and pushes him to help people, and the presence of evil and pain has been instrumental in building human civilisations throughout history: No matter how many theses there are to explain this dilemma, the religious explanation will remain the most acceptable and most consistent with the nature of life."[308] Adapted from The Myth of Atheism. Dr Amr Sharif. 2014 edition.

In fact, we sometimes lovingly take our little ones into the operating theatre to have their stomachs cut open, fully trusting the doctor's wisdom and love for the little ones and their survival.

The questioner who asks why evil exists in this worldly life as a pretext to deny the existence of God, reveals to us his short-sightedness and fragility of thought about the wisdom behind it, and his lack of awareness of the inner workings of things, and the atheist has implicitly admitted that evil is an exception.

So before asking about the wisdom of the emergence of evil, it would be more realistic to ask the more realistic question, "How did goodness come into being in the first place?"

Undoubtedly, the most important question to start with is: Who created the good? We must agree on the starting point or the inherent or prevailing principle. Then we can find explanations for the exceptions.

Physics, chemistry, and biology first establish fixed laws, and then study the exceptions and anomalies to these laws. Similarly, atheists can only overcome the hypothesis of evil when they first recognise the existence of a world full of countless beautiful, orderly and good phenomena.

Comparing periods of health and periods of illness over the average lifespan, or comparing decades of prosperity and prosperity with periods of devastation and destruction, or centuries of tranquillity and peacefulness with volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, where does the prevailing goodness come from in the first place? A world based on chaos and chance cannot produce a good world.

Ironically, scientific experiments confirm this. The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy (the degree of disorder or randomness) in an isolated system without any external influence will always increase, and that this process is irreversible.

In other words, organised things will always collapse and fade away unless something from the outside brings them together. As such, blind thermodynamic forces would never produce anything good on their own, or be as widely good as they are, without the Creator organising these random phenomena that appear in wonderful things such as beauty, wisdom, joy and love, and that is only after proving that good is the rule and evil is the exception, and that there is an omnipotent, omniscient, omnipotent, omnipotent God. And that there is an omnipotent God.

Whoever disowns his mother and father, insults them, kicks them out of the house and puts them on the street, for example, how would we feel about such a person?

If a person says that he will take him into his house, honour him, feed him and thank him for this act, will people appreciate him for this act? Will people accept this from him? God has the highest example, what do we expect to be the fate of those who reject their Creator and disbelieve in Him? Whoever is punished with hell, it is as if he was put in his rightful place, this person despised peace and goodness on earth, so he did not deserve the bliss of Paradise.

What do we expect those who torture children with chemical weapons, for example, to enter paradise without judgement?

Their guilt is not a guilt limited in time but a constant characteristic.

God Almighty said:

"...and if they had been turned back, they would have returned to what they had forbidden, and they would have been liars." [309] (Al-An'am: 28).

They also confront God by swearing falsely, and they are in His presence on the Day of Judgement.

God Almighty said:

"On the Day when Allah will call them all together, they will swear to Him as they swear to you, and they think that they are on something, but they are the ones who are lying." [310] (Al-Mujadalah: 18).

Evil can also come from people who are envious and jealous and cause trouble and conflicts between people. It was just that their punishment should be fire, which is in accordance with their nature.

God Almighty said:

"Those who disbelieve in Our Signs and are arrogant about them, those are the companions of the Fire, in which they are eternal."[311] (Al-A'raf: 36).

In Christianity, God is only "love", in Judaism only "wrath", and in Islam He is a just and merciful God with all the beautiful names, which are the attributes of beauty and majesty.

Moreover, in the practical reality of life, we use fire to isolate impurities from pure substances, such as gold and silver, so God Almighty - for example - uses fire to purify His servants in the Hereafter from sins and misdeeds, and ultimately, those who have even an atom of faith in their hearts will come out of the fire through His mercy.

In fact, God wants faith for all His servants.

God Almighty said:

If you are thankful, He will be pleased with you."[312] "He does not give His slaves the pleasure of disbelief, but if you are thankful, He will be pleased with you."[313] Then to your Lord you shall return, and He will inform you of what you have been doing, for He knows best. (Al-Zamar: 7).

However, if God sent everyone to heaven without judgement, there would be a gross violation of justice; God would treat His prophet Moses and Pharaoh in the same way, and each oppressor and his victims would enter heaven as if nothing had happened. A mechanism is needed to ensure that those who enter Paradise do so on the basis of merit.

The beauty of Islamic teachings is that God, who knows us better than we know ourselves, has told us that we have what it takes to take the worldly means to gain his favour and enter paradise.

God Almighty said:

"Allah does not charge a soul but what it can afford..."[313]. (Al-Baqarah :286).

A lot of people have been asked to connect بأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻬﺎ to ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺑﺪ. Is it an injustice, because ﺣ ﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺑﺪ injustice, because ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺐ ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺘﻪ ﺑﺪﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺘﻪ ﺑﺪﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﺓ? Because ﺣ ﻜﻢ ﻜﻢ tithe ﺳﻨﻮﺍﺕ ﺣ ﻜﻢ ﻇﺎﻟﻢ, because ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﻡ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺨﺘﻠﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺍﻝ except for ﺳﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ only. However, this is not the first time that we will be honouring the Tenth of Ramadan, as this is the first time that we will be honouring the Tenth of Ramadan.

A mother exhausts her children by warning them whenever they travel or go to work, to be careful on their way back and forth, is she considered a cruel mother? This is a reversal of the scales and makes mercy into cruelty. God warns and warns His servants out of His mercy and guides them to the path of salvation, promising to exchange their bad deeds for good deeds when they repent to Him.

God Almighty said:

"Except for those who repent and believe and do righteous deeds, Allah will exchange their bad deeds for good deeds." [314]. (Al-Furqan:70).

Why didn't we notice the great rewards and bliss in the Paradise of Eternity for a small amount of obedience?

God Almighty said:

"Whoever believes in Allah and does good deeds, He will expiate his sins from him and admit him into gardens from under which rivers flow, where they will live forever."[315] That is the great victory. (Al-Taghabin:9).

A mother exhausts her children by warning them whenever they travel or go to work, to be careful on their way back and forth, is she considered a cruel mother? This is a reversal of the scales and makes mercy into cruelty. God warns and warns His servants out of His mercy and guides them to the path of salvation, promising to exchange their bad deeds for good deeds when they repent to Him.

God Almighty said:

"Except for those who repent and believe and do righteous deeds, Allah will exchange their bad deeds for good deeds." [314]. (Al-Furqan:70).

Why didn't we notice the great rewards and bliss in the Paradise of Eternity for a small amount of obedience?

God Almighty said:

"Whoever believes in Allah and does good deeds, He will expiate his sins from him and admit him into gardens from under which rivers flow, where they will live forever."[315] That is the great victory. (Al-Taghabin:9).

God has guided all His servants to the path of salvation, and He does not like disbelief, but He does not like the same sinful behaviour that man takes by disbelieving and corrupting the earth.

God Almighty said:

"If you disbelieve, Allah is more than enough for you, and He does not satisfy His slaves with disbelief; and if you give thanks, He will satisfy you with it."[316] And do not put one weight on another. (Al-Zamar:7).

What can we say about a father who repeats in front of his children that I am proud of all of you, if you steal, commit adultery, murder, and corrupt the earth, you are to me like a good worshipper? The simplest description of this father is that he is like Satan, urging his children to corrupt the earth.

The Creator's right over his servants

If a person wants to disobey God, let him not eat from his livelihood, let him leave his land, and let him seek a safe place where God will not see him. If the angel of death comes to him to take his soul, let him say, ‘Delay me until I repent sincerely and do righteous deeds for Allah,’ and if the angels of torment come to him on the Day of Judgement to take him to Hell, let him not go with them, but resist them and refuse to go with them, and take himself to Paradise." [317] Can he do that? The story of Ibrahim bin Adham.

When a person acquires a pet in his home, the most he can hope for from it is obedience, and this is because he only bought it and did not create it, so what about our Creator and Sustainer, does He not deserve our obedience, worship and surrender. Our heart beats, our digestive system works, our senses are fully aware, and we only have to surrender to God in the rest of our affairs in which we have been given the choice to reach safety.

We must differentiate between faith and submission to the Lord of the Worlds.

The right required of the Lord of the Worlds, which no one can abandon, is to acknowledge His oneness and worship Him alone, without any partner, and that He is the Creator alone, with ownership and command, whether we like it or not, and this is the basis of faith (and faith is by word and deed), and we have no other choice, against which man will be judged and punished.

The opposite of surrender is criminality.

God Almighty said:

‘Shall we make the Muslims like the criminals?’ [318]. (Al-Qalam: 35).

Injustice is making a partner or equal to the Lord of the Worlds.

God Almighty said:

‘...so do not make Allah your rivals, even though you know it.’ [319]. (Al-Baqarah: 22).

‘Those who have believed and have not clothed their faith in injustice, those are the ones who have security and are guided’ [320]. (Al-An'am: 82).

Faith is a metaphysical issue that requires belief in God, His angels, His angels, His books, His messengers and the Last Day, and acceptance and satisfaction with God's judgement and destiny.

God Almighty said:

‘If you obey Allah and His Messenger, you will not lose anything from your deeds, for Allah is a forgiving and merciful God’ [321]. (Al-Hujrat: 14).

The above verse tells us that faith is a higher and higher degree of satisfaction, acceptance, and contentment, and that faith has degrees and ranks that increase and decrease. The ability and capacity of the human heart to comprehend the unseen varies from person to person, and human beings differ in their perception of the attributes of beauty and majesty and their knowledge of their Lord.

Man will not be punished for his lack of understanding of the unseen or his narrow-mindedness, but God will hold man accountable for the minimum acceptable level to survive eternity in Hell, and he must acknowledge God's oneness, his creation and command and worship him alone, and with this acknowledgement, God will forgive all other sins for whomever He wills. There is no other choice before man, either faith and victory or disbelief and loss, either it is something or nothing.

God Almighty said:

‘Allah does not forgive polytheism, but He forgives anything less than that to whomever He wills, and whoever commits polytheism with Allah has committed a great sin.’[322]

Faith is a matter of the unseen and ceases when the unseen is revealed or the signs of the hour appear. (Al-Nisa: 48).

God Almighty said:

‘...on the Day when some of the Signs of your Lord will come, a soul will not benefit from its faith if it had not believed before, or if it had earned good in its faith...’[323]. (Al-An'am: 158).

If a person wants to benefit from his faith with good deeds and increase his good deeds, it must be before the Hour of Resurrection and the revelation of the unseen.

As for the person who has no righteous deeds, he should not leave this world unless he surrenders to God and accepts the issue of oneness and worshiping Him alone, if he hopes to survive eternity in Hell, as temporary immortality may happen to some people who commit sins, but this is under the will of God, if He wills to forgive him and if He wills to send him to Hell.

God Almighty said:

‘O you who have believed, fear Allah truly, and do not die until you are Muslims’ [324]. (Al Imran: 102).

In the religion of Islam, faith is neither faith alone, as in the teachings of Christianity today, nor work alone, as in atheism. The deeds of a person in the stage of believing in the unseen and being patient are not equal to the person who has seen and witnessed the unseen in the hereafter, nor is the person who worked for God in the stage of distress, weakness and not knowing the fate of Islam, equal to the person who worked for God and Islam is visible, dear and strong in the hereafter, as it is in the stage of distress, weakness and not knowing the fate of Islam.

God Almighty said:

‘...There is no equal among you who spent before the conquest and fought, and those who spent afterwards and fought, and those who spent afterwards and fought, and both promised Allah the good, and Allah is aware of what you do’ [325]. (Al-Hadid: 10).

The Lord of the Worlds does not punish without a reason, so man is either held accountable and punished for losing the rights of the servants or the rights of the Lord of the Worlds.

The truth that no one can abandon in order to survive eternity in Hell, which is to acknowledge the Lord of the Worlds oneness and worship Him alone, without any partner, by saying: ‘I testify that there is no god but Allah alone, without any partner, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and messenger, and I testify that Allah's messengers are true, and I testify that Paradise is true and Hell is true.’ And doing what's right.

Not to obstruct the path of God or to aid or support any action intended to stand in the way of the call or the spread of God's religion.

Not digesting or losing people's rights or oppressing them.

Preventing evil from happening to creation and creatures, even if it means distancing oneself or isolating oneself from people.

A person may not have many good deeds, but he does not harm anyone or engage in any work that harms himself or others, and testifies to Allah's monotheism, so it is hoped that he will be saved from the torment of the Fire.

God Almighty said:

‘Allah will not do anything to punish you if you give thanks and believe, and Allah is all-knowing and thankful’ [326]. (Al-Nisa: 147).

Human beings are categorised into ranks and degrees starting from their actions in the world of testimony until the resurrection of the Hour, the revelation of the unseen world and the beginning of the judgement in the Hereafter, some people are afflicted by God in the Hereafter as mentioned in the Hadith.

The Lord of the Worlds punishes people according to their deeds and bad deeds, either hastening them in this world or delaying them for the hereafter, depending on the gravity of the act, whether it has repentance, and the extent of its impact and damage to the crops, offspring and other creatures, and God does not like corruption.

The people of Noah, Hud, Saleh, Lot, Pharaoh and others who lied to the messengers were punished by God in this world because of their abominable deeds and their tyranny. They did not distance themselves or stop their evil, but persisted. The people of Hud became arrogant in the land, the people of Saleh killed the camel, the people of Lot persisted in fornication, the people of Shuaib persisted in corruption and lost the rights of the people in the scale and balance, the people of Pharaoh followed the people of Moses in wickedness and aggression, and before them the people of Noah persisted in polytheism to worship the Lord of the worlds, and the people of Noah persisted in idolatry to the worship of the Lord of the two worlds.

God Almighty said:

‘Whoever does good, does so for himself; whoever does evil, does so for himself; and your Lord is not unjust to the slaves.’[327] (Faslat: 46).

‘Some of them We sent a hailstorm upon them, some of them were taken by the thunderbolt, some of them by the thunderbolt, some of them by the earthquake, and some of them by drowning.’ [328] Allah would not oppress them, but they were oppressing themselves. (Al-Ankabut: 40).

Self-determination and safety

It is man's right to seek knowledge and research the horizons of this universe. God Almighty has deposited in us these minds to use them and not to disable them. without using his mind, without thinking and analysing this religion, he is undoubtedly unjust to himself, despising this great blessing that Allah Almighty has deposited in him, namely the mind.

How many Muslims grew up in a monotheistic family and strayed from the path by polytheism, while others grew up in a polytheistic or Christian family that believed in trinitarianism, rejected this doctrine and said: "There is no god but Allah.

The following symbolic story illustrates this point: A wife cooked a fish for her husband, but she cut off the head and tail before she cooked it, and when her husband asked her: Why did you cut off the head and tail? My mother cooks it that way, the husband asked the mother: ‘Why do you cut off the head and tail when you cook fish?’ The mother replied: My mother cooks it that way. The husband then asked the grandmother: Why do you cut off the head and tail? The cooking pot at home was small and I had to cut off the head and tail to be able to fit the fish in the pot.

In fact, many of the previous events that took place in the eras that preceded us were hostage to their era and time, and had their own reasons that were associated with them. Perhaps the previous story reflects this, and indeed it is a human catastrophe that we live in a time that is not our time and imitate the actions of others without thinking or asking, despite the different circumstances and the change of times.

God Almighty said:

‘...Allah does not change what is in a people until they change what is in themselves...’ [329]. (Al-Ra'd: 11).

These people will not be wronged by Allah, the Almighty, but He will test them on the Day of Judgement.

Human beings who have not had the opportunity to see Islam properly have no excuse, because, as we have mentioned, they should not neglect to research and think. However, the establishment of the argument is difficult to verify, each person is different, and the excuse of ignorance or failure to reach the argument is up to God in the hereafter, while worldly judgements are based on appearances.

God's sentence of torment on them is not unjust after all these arguments that He has presented to them, from reason, instinct, messages and signs in the universe and in themselves, and the least they were supposed to do in return for all this is to know God Almighty and unify Him, while adhering to the pillars of Islam as a minimum, and if they did this, they would survive eternity in Hell, and achieve happiness in this world and the next, do you think that is difficult?

The right of God to His servants is to worship Him alone, and the right of the servants to God is not to torture those who do not share anything with Him. It is a simple matter, words that a person says, believes and acts upon, and it is enough to survive the fire, isn't this justice? This is the judgement of God Almighty, who is the just, kind and expert judge, and this is the religion of God Almighty, the Almighty.

The real issue is not that a person makes a mistake or commits a sin, because it is human nature to make a mistake; every son of Adam is a sinner, and the best sinners are those who repent, as told by the Prophet (peace be upon him), but the issue is the persistence in committing sins and insisting on them, and it is also a shame when a person is advised but does not hear the advice and does not act upon it, and is reminded but does not benefit from the reminder, and is preached to but does not consider, repent, or forgive, but insists and turns away in arrogance and arrogance.

God Almighty said:

‘When our verses are recited to him, he turns away in disbelief as if he had not heard them, as if there were dullness in his ears.’[330] (Luqman: 7).

The end of life's journey and reaching safety is summarised in these verses.
God Almighty said:
‘And the earth shines with the light of its Lord, and the Book is laid down, and the Prophets and the witnesses are brought, and there is judgement between them in truth, and they do not suffer any injustice.’ (69) And every soul has fulfilled what it has done, and He knows best what they do.‘ (70) And those who disbelieve are led to Hell in crowds, until when they come there, its gates are opened, and its chamberlains say to them, ’Have not messengers come to you from among you? disbelievers to Hell in droves, until when they came to it, its gates were opened, and its keepers said to them, ‘Have not messengers from among you come to you reciting to you the signs of your Lord and warning you of the meeting of your day?’ They said, "Yes, but the word of punishment has come. (71) It was said, ‘Enter the gates of hell, and remain therein forever, for that is the abode of the proud.’ (72) Those who fear their Lord are led to Paradise in crowds, until when they come to it and its gates are opened (73) And they said, ‘Praise be to Allah, who has fulfilled His promise and inherited the land for us to take a place of paradise wherever we wish, and the reward of the labourers will be excellent.’[331] (Al-Zamar, 69-44): 69-74).

I bear witness that there is no god but God alone, without partner

I bear witness that Muhammad is his servant and messenger

I bear witness that the messengers of God are true

I bear witness that Paradise is true and Hell is true.

Source: Book (Question and Answer about Islam) Faten Sabri

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