{"id":21952,"date":"2025-03-27T12:10:25","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T12:10:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21952"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:10:04","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:10:04","slug":"fdsgfsd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/archives\/21952","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Wadi al-Makhazin hay Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Ba Vua"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 2019<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf Malta, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa tinh th\u1ea7n anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay.
T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng trong s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00e0y.

Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Wadi al-Makhazin hay Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Ba Vua<\/strong>

Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Wadi al-Makhazin, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Ba Vua, di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa Maroc v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30 Jumada al-Akhira 986 AH (ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1578 SCN). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tham gia v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc Phi, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n x\u00f3a b\u1ecf H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ecba Trung H\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t Eo bi\u1ec3n Gibraltar. Khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u1ecd t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Reconquista, m\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Saadi, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Andalusia. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng cho Maroc, trong khi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha m\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 vua, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn<\/strong>
Sebastian l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1557. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u Phi, Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9. \u00d4ng khao kh\u00e1t gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Phi t\u1eeb tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fa m\u00ecnh, Vua Philip II c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha, m\u1eddi \u00f4ng tham gia m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 chinh m\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Maghreb, nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Saadi, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman, t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Andalusia.
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Saadi Sharif c\u1ee7a Maroc l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Muhammad ibn al-Nafs al-Zakiyya, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean tri. Sau nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Almoravid, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Almohad ra \u0111\u1eddi, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Marinid, r\u1ed3i nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Wattas, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Saadi Sharif. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 923 AH (1517 SCN) tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha. D\u00f2ng h\u1ecd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Maroc nh\u00ecn ra \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb T\u00e2y Ban Nha chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng trong nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Marrakesh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 931 AH (1525 SCN), sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Fez v\u00e0o n\u0103m 961 AH (1554 SCN). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1011 AH (1603 SCN).
Khi Abdullah al-Ghalib al-Saadi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Saadi, qua \u0111\u1eddi, con trai \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Muhammad al-Mutawakkil l\u00ean ng\u00f4i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 981 AH (1574 SCN). N\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng t\u00e0n \u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u sai tr\u00e1i, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Abd al-Malik v\u00e0 Ahmad, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb qu\u00e2n Ottoman \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Algeria. Qu\u00e2n Ottoman \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i al-Mutawakkil trong hai tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 983 AH (1576 SCN). Abd al-Malik \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Fez, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Saadi, v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, Berber, Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Andalusia.
Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Al-Mutawakkil tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Abd al-Malik v\u00e0 Ahmad kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nguy\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb vua B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Don Sebastian, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p cho \u00f4ng b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Maroc tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng.

Li\u00ean minh Th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 chinh<\/strong>
V\u1ecb vua tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha mu\u1ed1n x\u00f3a b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hoen \u1ed1 ngai v\u00e0ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi cha m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong m\u1eaft c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng khi Al-Mutawakkil t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u00f4ng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i \u00f4ng s\u1ebd nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Maroc cho \u00f4ng.
Sebastian t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa m\u00ecnh, Vua T\u00e2y Ban Nha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Larache, v\u00ec \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c \u1edf Maroc. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho Sebastian hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y Ban Nha. Sebastian \u0111\u00e3 huy \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho \u00f4ng ba ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u00eam cho \u00f4ng b\u1ed1n ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n n\u1eefa, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u0103m con ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o. Sebastian \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Maroc. Vua T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u00e1u trai m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Maroc, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn.
T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Ottoman \u1edf Algeria \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c n\u00e0y gi\u1eefa Al-Mutawakkil v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, v\u00e0 Hassan Pasha, Emir c\u1ee7a Emirs Algeria, \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi Sultan Ottoman v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman \u1edf Istanbul \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Rome v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p binh l\u00ednh, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha trong cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Maroc. T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Ottoman \u0111\u00e3 theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa Vua Sebastian c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Vua Philip II c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra gi\u1eefa h\u1ecd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 h\u1ecd theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Vua T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00ecn binh l\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt Vua Fez, Abd al-Malik al-Saadi.
V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Saadi, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n do Al-Mutawakkil c\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng ta gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c trao cho h\u1ecd b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Maroc tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 Saadi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn s\u1eafp t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, huy \u0111\u1ed9ng binh l\u00ednh v\u00e0 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman \u1edf Algeria \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn s\u1eafp t\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha.

Hai \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn Wadi al-Makhazin<\/strong>
Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha: C\u00e1c t\u00e0u Th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 chinh kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Lisbon h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Maroc v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1578 SCN \/ 986 AH. H\u1ecd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf Lagos v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn Cadiz v\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn Tangier, n\u01a1i Sebastian g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ed3ng minh Al-Mutawakkil. C\u00e1c t\u00e0u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn Asilah, n\u01a1i Sebastian \u1edf l\u1ea1i Tangier m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, r\u1ed3i gia nh\u1eadp qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.
Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Maroc: Ti\u1ebfng h\u00f4 vang kh\u1eafp Maroc l\u00e0: "H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn Wadi al-Makhazin \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Allah." Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp, h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c t\u1eed v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o. Abd al-Malik vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 t\u1eeb Marrakesh cho Sebastian: "S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng khi anh r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua k\u1ebb th\u00f9. N\u1ebfu anh ki\u00ean tr\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng anh, th\u00ec anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, anh l\u00e0 Kalb ibn Kalb." Khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0, anh tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i. H\u1ecd khuy\u00ean anh n\u00ean ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm Tataouine, Larache v\u00e0 Ksar, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Sebastian do d\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Abd al-Malik vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho anh trai Ahmad c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Fez v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Marrakesh v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n nam Maroc \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Abd al-Malik, v\u00e0 anh trai Ahmad c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Fez v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn. Cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n di\u1ec5n ra g\u1ea7n qu\u1eadn Ksar el-Kebir.

L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean<\/strong>
Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha: 125.000 chi\u1ebfn binh v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 20.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha, 3.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c, 7.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n con ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb vua tr\u1ebb Sebastian, v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 Al-Mutawakkil v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb 3.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 6.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.
Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Maroc: D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Abd al-Malik al-Mu'tasim Billah, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Maroc c\u00f3 40.000 chi\u1ebfn binh. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef5 binh v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 34 kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t cao v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3.

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn<\/strong>
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111i d\u00e3 ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n Maroc, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t coi nh\u1eb9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y th\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 treo tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Maroc \u1edf Fez v\u00e0 Marrakesh. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch bi\u1ebfn qibla c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Qarawiyyin n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u00e0nh b\u00e0n th\u1edd nh\u00e0 th\u1edd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u mu\u1ed1n \u0111i c\u00f9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha m\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 v\u00e1y l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, c\u1ea7u k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111ang tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua hay l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i.
T\u00e0u c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Lisbon v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng Rabi' al-Thani n\u0103m 986 AH \/ ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1578 SCN v\u00e0 c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng Asilah, n\u01a1i h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Sebastian ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Al-Mutawakkil r\u1ea5t \u00edt.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Saadia l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Maroc, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ecd v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Saadia b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch d\u1ee5 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t sa m\u1ea1c Maroc, nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n.
K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Abd al-Malik \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Maroc, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Ksar el-Kebir hay \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng Wadi al-Makhazin, g\u1ea7n s\u00f4ng Loukos. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u b\u1eafc qua s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o thung l\u0169ng.
K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Abd al-Malik l\u00e0 cho qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o thung l\u0169ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n Maroc s\u1ebd cho n\u1ed5 tung c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00fat lui c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha s\u1ebd b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c giao tranh, khi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn khi giao tranh tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00f4ng, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u00e1o gi\u00e1p m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mang theo.
Hai \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u nhau v\u1edbi ph\u00e1o binh, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 binh b\u1eafn cung, v\u00e0 hai b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn l\u00e0 k\u1ef5 binh. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m k\u1ef5 binh d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.

Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn<\/strong>
S\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 Hai, ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng Jumada al-Akhirah n\u0103m 986 AH, t\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1578 SCN, Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Abdul Malik \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady v\u00e0 th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tu s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c kh\u01a1i d\u1eady l\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn binh Th\u1eadp T\u1ef1 Chinh, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 tha th\u1ee9 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i cho linh h\u1ed3n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.
H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t s\u00fang n\u1ed5 ra t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda, b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Abdul Malik \u0111ang suy y\u1ebfu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u1ed1m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Marrakesh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n ra tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec7u. V\u00e0i ph\u00fat sau, \u00f4ng tr\u00fat h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ng\u00f3n tr\u1ecf v\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng, ra hi\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd n\u00ean gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m phi\u1ec1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u00ean th\u1ecb th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 em trai \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Ahmed Al-Mansur. Vi\u00ean th\u1ecb th\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1edbi binh l\u00ednh: "Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng ra l\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o l\u00e1 c\u1edd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia r\u00fat lui." Trong m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, Al-Mutawakkil \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u00fa m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Abdul Malik tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng ta ch\u1ebft trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xung \u0111\u1ed9t b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 trong doanh tr\u1ea1i Maroc.
Ahmed Al-Mansur d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n ti\u00ean phong ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u00e2n B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y kho thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cung th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau c\u00fa s\u1ed1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 b\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u Wadi al-Makhazin \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh bom. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Sebastian, \u0111\u00e3 lao xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 anh ta c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y ra bi\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb Algiers, Hassan Pasha, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Reis Sinan, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd; 500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft.
K\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i Al-Mutawakkil c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng h\u1eafn ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i \u1edf s\u00f4ng Wadi al-Makhazin. Thi th\u1ec3 h\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean h\u1eafn b\u1ecb l\u1ed9t da, nh\u1ed3i r\u01a1m v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh kh\u1eafp Maroc cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ecb x\u00e9 x\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.
Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i b\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfng r\u01b0\u1ee1i, v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n cao, \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t.

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn<\/strong>
K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1ea5t t\u1eed trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ba v\u1ecb vua: m\u1ed9t Th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn, Sebastian, vua c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3; m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u00e0 l\u1ed9t da, Muhammad al-Mutawakkil; v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng t\u1eed v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o, Abd al-Malik al-Mu'tasim, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00eca kh\u1ecfi x\u00e1c. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u1ebd m\u00e3i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, l\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7p s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd ph\u00fat \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 vua, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng gia. Philip II c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0o ngai v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 988 AH \/ 1580 SCN. Ahmad al-Mansur th\u1eeba k\u1ebf ngai v\u00e0ng Saadi \u1edf Fez v\u00e0 c\u1eed m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Ottoman, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0o V\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u Ottoman.

L\u00fd do chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng<\/strong>
1- N\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Granada, s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Andalusia v\u00e0 T\u00f2a \u00e1n d\u1ecb gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft h\u1ecd.
2- M\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, d\u1ee5 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i ng\u1ef1a ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho n\u1ed5 tung c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1eafc qua s\u00f4ng Wadi al-Makhazin.
3- S\u1ef1 tham gia hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang do c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u0129 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee9c tin, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n cao c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng li\u1ec1m v\u00e0 g\u1eady.
4- Ph\u00e1o binh Maroc v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n ph\u00e1o binh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ng\u1eafm b\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.
5- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1a h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn cho tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ecd.
6- Sebastian \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1edf b\u00ean kia.

T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/strong>
Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch (Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean... Nh\u1eefng trang quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o) c\u1ee7a Tamer Badr\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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