{"id":21852,"date":"2025-03-27T10:47:30","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T10:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21852"},"modified":"2025-04-20T10:02:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T10:02:12","slug":"gfhfd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/archives\/21852","title":{"rendered":"Muhammad al-Fatih"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2013<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Muhammad al-Fatih

Sultan Mehmed II Nh\u00e0 Chinh Ph\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Fatih Sultan Mehmed Khan II, l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ottoman v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i Ottoman. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Abu al-Futuh v\u00e0 Abu al-Khairat, ngo\u00e0i danh hi\u1ec7u "Nh\u00e0 Chinh Ph\u1ee5c". Sau khi chinh ph\u1ee5c Constantinople, danh hi\u1ec7u "Caesar" \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o danh hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua k\u1ebf v\u1ecb.
V\u1ecb vua n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Byzantine sau h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.
\u00d4ng tr\u1ecb v\u00ec g\u1ea7n ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m, trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, Sultan Mehmed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anatolian v\u00e0 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn Belgrade. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Byzantine c\u0169 v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ottoman \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.
S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng
Mehmed II sinh ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng Rajab n\u0103m 835 AH \/ 30 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1432 SCN t\u1ea1i Edirne, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ottoman l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha m\u00ecnh, Sultan Murad II, v\u1ecb Sultan th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ottoman, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng Kinh Qur'an, \u0111\u1ecdc Hadith, h\u1ecdc lu\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, ti\u1ebfng Ba T\u01b0, ti\u1ebfng Latin v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p.
Khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, cha \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 giao ph\u00f3 cho \u00f4ng Ti\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Magnesia, \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Sheikh Aq Shams al-Din v\u00e0 Mulla al-Kurani. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng theo \u0111\u00fang tinh th\u1ea7n H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o.
Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Sheikh \u201cAq Shams al-Din\u201d n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Muhammad al-Fatih, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n v\u00e0o Muhammad hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf: t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i phong tr\u00e0o th\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn Ottoman v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n g\u1ee3i \u00fd cho Muhammad t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee5 \u00fd b\u1edfi hadith ti\u00ean tri \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal trong hadith s\u1ed1 18189: Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Zayd ibn al-Hubab \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah al-Ma\u2019afiri \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Abdullah ibn Bishr Al-Khath'ami, theo th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a cha m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 nghe Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean tri, c\u1ea7u xin Ch\u00faa ban ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ban cho \u00f4ng s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: "Constantinople s\u1ebd b\u1ecb chinh ph\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o." V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ea1t hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng hadith c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean tri H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o s\u1ebd \u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong s\u1ef1 tham v\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ea7y ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t, nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia c\u00f9ng cha m\u00ecnh, Sultan Murad, trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ea1t.
\u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb
Mehmed Nh\u00e0 Chinh Ph\u1ee5c l\u00ean ng\u00f4i sau khi cha qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng Muharram n\u0103m 855 AH \/ ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1451 SCN. \u00d4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chinh ph\u1ee5c Constantinople, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a tin m\u1eebng ti\u00ean tri. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t qu\u1ed1c gia non tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf v\u00f9ng Balkan, v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00ecnh r\u1eadp.
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t thi\u00eang li\u00eang n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 m\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u m\u1edbi tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n Marmara \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n eo bi\u1ec3n Dardanelles. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i l\u1edbn \u1edf ph\u00eda ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a Bosphorus, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Rumeli Hisar\u0131, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t eo bi\u1ec3n Bosphorus.
Cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c Constantinople
Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c Constantinople, Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n g\u1ed3m 265.000 b\u1ed9 binh v\u00e0 k\u1ef5 binh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Constantinople. R\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 Ba, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng Jumada al-Ula, n\u0103m 857 AH \/ ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1453 SCN, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Muhammad al-Fatih \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh Constantinople, trong m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfm hoi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Muhammad II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u Muhammad al-Fatih, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u00e0y.
Khi v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng ng\u1ef1a, ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00faa v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n, r\u1ed3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Hagia Sophia v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng ra l\u1ec7nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tham gia cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ed5. \u00d4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn Constantinople l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Islam Bol, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Istanbul. \u00d4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khoan dung v\u1edbi c\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do. \u00d4ng cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 trong th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.
Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c
Sau khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 Mehmed II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n sang ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t \u1edf Balkan. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 chinh ph\u1ee5c Serbia v\u00e0o n\u0103m 863 AH \/ 1459 SCN, Peloponnese \u1edf Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 865 AH \/ 1460 SCN, Wallachia v\u00e0 Bogdan (Romania) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 866 AH \/ 1462 SCN, Albania t\u1eeb n\u0103m 867 \u0111\u1ebfn 884 AH \/ 1463 \u0111\u1ebfn 1479 SCN, v\u00e0 Bosnia v\u00e0 Herzegovina t\u1eeb n\u0103m 867 \u0111\u1ebfn 870 AH \/ 1463 \u0111\u1ebfn 1465 SCN. \u00d4ng tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Hungary v\u00e0o n\u0103m 881 AH \/ 1476 SCN, v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sang Ti\u1ec3u \u00c1, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chinh ph\u1ee5c Trabzon v\u00e0o n\u0103m 866 AH \/ 1461 SCN.
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Mehmed K\u1ebb Chinh Ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y vinh quang m\u1edbi, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c chinh ph\u1ee5c Constantinople, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Byzantine. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chinh ph\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ph\u00e1o binh g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 "Otranto". L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, t\u1ea1i Jumada al-Ula v\u00e0o n\u0103m 885 AH \/ th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1480 SCN.
Muhammad al-Fatih d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc tr\u00ean B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o \u00dd, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u00f4ng t\u1edbi Rome, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng Rabi` al-Awwal 886 AH \/ ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1481 SCN.
Muhammad al-Fatih, ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh
Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Mehmed Nh\u00e0 Chinh Ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong su\u1ed1t ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u1ecb v\u00ec, khi \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ottoman m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Karamanli Mehmed Pasha v\u00e0 th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Leyszade Mehmed \u00c7elebi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p mang t\u00ean m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Ottoman cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1255 AH\/1839 SCN.
Mehmed K\u1ebb Chinh Ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 cho n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9. Nh\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c J. Jacob \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Berlin v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1322 CN \/ 1904 CN. K\u1ebb Chinh Ph\u1ee5c r\u1ea5t t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u01a1 ca, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean giao du v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m h\u1ecd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng.
Nh\u1edd ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea th\u01a1 ca, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 giao cho nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Shahdi s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t s\u1eed thi mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ottoman, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Shahnameh c\u1ee7a Ferdowsi. M\u1ed7i khi nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1eddi \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Ali Qushji Samarqandi. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn cho nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 Khwaja Jahan v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Ba T\u01b0 Abd al-Rahman Jabi.
Mehmed the Conqueror \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u0129 t\u1eeb \u00dd \u0111\u1ebfn cung \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Sultan \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ee9c tranh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ottoman v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y.
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ea1t b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi th\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd. Trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, h\u01a1n ba tr\u0103m nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, bao g\u1ed3m 192 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u1edf Istanbul, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 57 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u00e0 59 nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm.
Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng di t\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Sultan Mehmed, Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o Abu Ayyub al-Ansari v\u00e0 Cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Topkapi.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chinh ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng. H\u00e0nh vi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi v\u0103n minh m\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn trong th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y
V\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 886 AH \/ 1481 SCN, Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror r\u1eddi Constantinople d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n l\u1edbn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh, Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua v\u00ec t\u00ecnh y\u00eau m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho th\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 khao kh\u00e1t chinh ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. \u00d4ng t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi b\u00e1c s\u0129. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u1eabn thu\u1ed1c men \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror qua \u0111\u1eddi gi\u1eefa qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Rabi` al-Awwal 886 AH \/ 3 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1481 SCN. \u00d4ng h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i hai tu\u1ed5i, sau khi tr\u1ecb v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t n\u0103m.
Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb Sultan chinh ph\u1ea1t s\u1ebd d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u suy \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Li\u1ec7u \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn Rhodes \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, Mesih Pasha, ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng? Hay \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gia nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n nam n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn Rome, mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ban Nha?
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u00e0 Al-Fateh gi\u1eef k\u00edn cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai, r\u1ed3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ea5t b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ecm trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 hoang mang, kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd gi\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng cho k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb quan t\u00f2a h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng \u0111ang d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ee5c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: "N\u1ebfu ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i r\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ta s\u1ebd nh\u1ed5 n\u00f3 ra v\u00e0 n\u00e9m v\u00e0o l\u1eeda."
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb chinh ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n nam n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ef1c b\u1eafc, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c b\u1edfi b\u00e1c s\u0129 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Yakub Pasha, sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Venice th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c \u00f4ng ta \u00e1m s\u00e1t \u00f4ng ta. Yakub kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o khi sinh ra, m\u00e0 sinh ra \u1edf \u00dd. \u00d4ng ta tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i sang \u0111\u1ea1o H\u1ed3i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c Sultan, nh\u01b0ng khi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Sultan qua \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh chinh ph\u1ee5c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean m\u00ecnh, chinh ph\u1ee5c Constantinople v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u \u00c1, Serbia, Bosnia, Albania v\u00e0 Morea. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb sultan sau n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi.
B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Yaqub sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb b\u1ea1i l\u1ed9, v\u00e0 l\u00ednh c\u1eadn v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1eed t\u1eed \u00f4ng. Tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn Venice 16 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Venice \u1edf Constantinople. B\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u sau: "\u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft". Tin t\u1ee9c lan truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp Venice v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u rung chu\u00f4ng trong ba ng\u00e0y, theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng.
V\u1ecb Sultan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf Istanbul, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i danh ti\u1ebfng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o.
Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a Muhammad al-Fatih tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qua \u0111\u1eddi
Di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a Mehmed Nh\u00e0 Chinh Ph\u1ee5c g\u1eedi con trai Bayezid II tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 \u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb s\u1ebd noi theo. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u00f3: "Ta s\u1eafp l\u00eca \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc khi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 con. H\u00e3y c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, t\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, h\u00e3y b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o H\u1ed3i, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. H\u00e3y \u01b0u ti\u00ean quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u01a1n h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng ch\u1ec3nh m\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 n\u00f3. \u0110\u1eebng tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eebng tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 sa \u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1ee5c t\u0129u. Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi sai tr\u00e1i, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y tr\u00e1nh xa nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb x\u00fai gi\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i theo ch\u00fang. H\u00e3y m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng qua th\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb phung ph\u00ed. \u0110\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed9ng tay v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n n\u00e0o tr\u1eeb khi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o sinh k\u1ebf cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y trao danh d\u1ef1 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng."
V\u00ec h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00e3y t\u00f4n vinh v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng ti\u1ec1n cho h\u1ecd.
H\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, h\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t b\u1edfi ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c hay qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh. H\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Sharia ra xa kh\u1ecfi c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Sharia, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.
H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb t\u00f4i b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y: T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa ki\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf To\u00e0n N\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 ban cho t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh to l\u1edbn n\u00e0y. V\u1eady n\u00ean h\u00e3y \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1eebng ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00fa vui xa x\u1ec9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng chi ti\u00eau qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.\u201d

Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o qu\u00ean c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Tamer Badr\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

21 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2013 \u00a0 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0642\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d”\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0642\u0628 “\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u0647.\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21853,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","inline_featured_image":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-21852","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-115"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21852","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21852"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21852\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21853"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21852"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21852"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21852"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}