{"id":21949,"date":"2025-03-27T12:08:18","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T12:08:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21949"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:11:20","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:11:20","slug":"fdshs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/archives\/21949","title":{"rendered":"Ashraf Barsbay va Kiprning zabt etilishi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2019 yil 3 mart<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Ashraf Barsbay va Kiprning zabt etilishi<\/strong>

Kipr provokatsiyalari<\/strong>
Kiprliklar o'z orollaridan O'rtayer dengizining sharqiy qismidagi musulmon portlariga hujum qilish va musulmon savdosiga tahdid qilish uchun baza sifatida foydalanganlar. Kipr qiroli Lusignanlik Pyotr I hijriy 767 \/ milodiy 1365 yilda Iskandariyaga qarshi salib yurishini boshladi. Do\u2018konlar, mehmonxonalar va mehmonxonalar yoqib yuborildi, masjidlar tahqirlandi, kiprliklar ularga xoch osdilar. Ayollar zo'rlangan, bolalar va qariyalar o'ldirilgan. Ular shaharda uch kun qolib, vayronagarchilikka uchradilar, keyin besh mingga yaqin asirni o'zlari bilan olib, mamluklar ko'chib kelganlarida o'z orollariga jo'nab ketishdi. Yevropa quvondi, uning qirollari ham xuddi Papa kabi bir-birlarini tabrikladilar. Xuddi shunday salib yurishi 796 hijriy \/ milodiy 1393 yilda Suriyada Tripoliga qarshi takrorlangan.
Kiprning musulmon portlariga bosqinlari tinimsiz davom etdi va mamluk sultonlarining bu tahdidni qaytarish va bartaraf etishga urinishlari besamar ketdi. Kiprliklarning Mamluklar davlatining obro\u2018-e\u2019tiboridan nafratlanishi va o\u2018z kuch-qudratiga nisbatan takabburligi ularning ba\u2019zi qaroqchilarining 826 hijriy \/ milodiy 1423 yili Misr kemasiga hujum qilib, bortdagilarni asirga olishga olib keldi. Sulton Barsbayning musulmon savdogarlarga hujum qilinmasligini kafolatlash maqsadida Kipr qiroli Yanus bilan shartnoma tuzishga urinishlari muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi.
Kiprliklar o'zlarining takabburligida haddan oshib ketishdi, Damietta porti yaqinida ikkita savdo kemasini qo'lga oldilar va ularning soni yuzdan ortiq kishi bo'lgan ekipajlarini asirga oldilar. Keyin ular bundan nariga o'tib, Sulton Barsbay Usmonli sultoni Murod II ga yuborgan sovg'alar ortilgan kemani qo'lga oldilar. O\u2018shanda Barsbayning bu xavfni qaytarish va kiprliklar mamluklar davlatiga tinimsiz yo\u2018naltirayotgan bu haqoratlarga javob berish uchun harakat qilishdan boshqa chorasi qolmadi. Unda jihodga bo'lgan ishtiyoq va mas'uliyat hissi paydo bo'ldi, shuning uchun u uch yil davomida Kiprga bostirib kirish uchun uchta yurish tayyorladi.

Uchta kampaniya<\/strong>
Birinchi yurish hijriy 827 \/ milodiy 1424 yilda boshlangan. Bu Kiprga qo'ngan, Limassol portiga hujum qilgan, qaroqchilikka tayyorgarlik ko'rayotgan uchta Kipr kemasini yoqib yuborgan va katta miqdordagi o'ljalarni qo'lga kiritgan kichik kampaniya edi. Kampaniya Qohiraga qaytdi.

Bu g'alaba Barsbayni Kiprga bostirib kirish uchun oldingisidan ko'ra kuchliroq yurish qilishga undadi. Ikkinchi yurish hijriy 828 yil Rajab oyida \/ milodiy 1425 yil may oyida qirq kemadan iborat bo'lib, Levantga va u erdan Kiprga yo'l oldi va u erda Limassol qal'asini vayron qilishga muvaffaq bo'ldi va besh mingga yaqin kiprliklarni o'ldirdi. Tuya va xachirlarda olib ketilgan o\u2018ljalardan tashqari, ming asirni ko\u2018tarib Qohiraga qaytdi.

Uchinchi yurishda Barsbay orolni bosib olishni va uni o'z hokimiyatiga bo'ysundirishni maqsad qilgan. U oldingi ikkitasidan ko'ra ko'proq, ko'proq va yaxshi jihozlangan kampaniya tayyorladi. Hijriy 829 \/ milodiy 1426 yilda Rashiddan bir yuz sakson kema suzib, Limassolga yo'l oldi. Ko\u2018p o\u2018tmay, ular 829-hijriy Sha\u2019bon oyining 26-kuni \/ 1426-yil, 2-iyulda Misr qo\u2018shinlariga taslim bo\u2018lishdi. Kampaniya shimolga Kipr oroliga ko'chdi. Orol shohi Misr qo\u2018shinlarini ortga qaytarishga urindi, biroq u muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchradi va asirga olindi. Misr qo\u02bbshinlari poytaxt Nikosiyani qo\u02bblga kiritdilar va shu tariqa orol Mamluklar davlatiga bo\u02bbysunishga kirishdi.
Qohira g\u2018alaba gulchambarlarini ko\u2018tarib, g\u2018alabali kampaniyaning qaytishini nishonladi. Kampaniya Qohira ko'chalari bo'ylab yo'l oldi, u erda xalq qahramonlarni 829 hijriy Shavvol oyining 8 kuni \/ milodiy 1426 yil 14 avgustida kutib olish uchun yig'ildi. 3700 mahbusdan iborat olomon, shu jumladan qirol Yanus va uning knyazlari kortej ortida yurishdi.

Barsbay qal'ada Kipr qirolini qabul qildi va uning huzurida turli joylardan delegatsiyalar bor edi, masalan: Makka sharifi, Usmonlilarning xabarchilari, Tunis qiroli va ba'zi turkman shahzodalari. Yanos Barsbayning qo'lida yerni o'pdi va uni qo'yib yuborishini iltimos qildi. Sulton Kiprning Mamluk sultoniga bo\u2018ysunishi va uni boshqarishda uning noibi bo\u2018lishi va har yili o\u2018lpon to\u2018lashiga va\u2019da berib, ikki yuz ming dinor to\u2018lashga rozi bo\u2018ldi. O'sha paytdan boshlab, Kipr oroli 923 hijriy \/ 1517 yilga qadar, Usmonli sultoni Salim I qo'lida Mamluklar davlati qulaguniga qadar Misrga bo'ysundi.

Nega biz buyuk edik
Tamer Badrning (Unutilmas mamlakatlar) kitobi\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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