{"id":21943,"date":"2025-03-27T12:05:10","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T12:05:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21943"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:17:43","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:17:43","slug":"fdgds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/archives\/21943","title":{"rendered":"Italiyaning zabt etilishi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"21943\" class=\"elementor elementor-21943\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36482d1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36482d1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-187d66d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"187d66d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"x1cy8zhl x2bj2ny x78zum5 x1q0g3np\"><div class=\"x1iyjqo2\"><div class=\"x78zum5 xdt5ytf xz62fqu x16ldp7u\"><div class=\"xu06os2 x1ok221b\"><h1 class=\"html-div xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1q0g3np\"><span class=\"html-span xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1hl2dhg x16tdsg8 x1vvkbs\"><span class=\"html-span xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1hl2dhg x16tdsg8 x1vvkbs x4k7w5x x1h91t0o x1h9r5lt x1jfb8zj xv2umb2 x1beo9mf xaigb6o x12ejxvf x3igimt xarpa2k xedcshv x1lytzrv x1t2pt76 x7ja8zs x1qrby5j\">2019 yil 27 fevral<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div><div><div class=\"x1i10hfl x1qjc9v5 xjqpnuy xa49m3k xqeqjp1 x2hbi6w x9f619 x1ypdohk xdl72j9 x2lah0s xe8uvvx x2lwn1j xeuugli x16tdsg8 x1hl2dhg xggy1nq x1ja2u2z x1t137rt x1o1ewxj x3x9cwd x1e5q0jg x13rtm0m x1q0g3np x87ps6o x1lku1pv x1a2a7pz xjyslct xjbqb8w x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x972fbf xcfux6l x1qhh985 xm0m39n x3nfvp2 xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1n2onr6 x3ajldb x194ut8o x1vzenxt xd7ygy7 xt298gk x1xhcax0 x1s928wv x10pfhc2 x1j6awrg x1v53gu8 x1tfg27r xitxdhh\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-haspopup=\"menu\" aria-label=\"Ushbu post uchun qilinadigan harakatlar\"><div class=\"x1ey2m1c xds687c x17qophe xg01cxk x47corl x10l6tqk x13vifvy x1ebt8du x19991ni x1dhq9h xzolkzo x12go9s9 x1rnf11y xprq8jg\" role=\"none\" data-visualcompletion=\"ignore\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><h1 class=\"xyinxu5 x4uap5 x1g2khh7 xkhd6sd\"><span class=\"x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Italiyaning zabt etilishi<\/strong><br class=\"html-br\" \/><br class=\"html-br\" \/>Musulmonlar Qaysar shahriga ikki marta bostirib kirishdi va afsuski, islomiy manbalarda bu bosqinlar va shunga o\u02bbxshashlar haqida kam ma\u02bclumot bor. Chunki bu bosqinlarning aksariyati xalifalik hokimiyatidan mustaqil bo\u02bblgan ko\u02bbngilli mujohidlar tomonidan amalga oshirilgan. Bu esa musulmon tarixchilarni bu qahramonlik va fathlarning aksariyatidan bexabar qoldirdi. Ushbu bosqinlar haqidagi ma&#039;lumotlarning aksariyati Yevropa manbalaridan olingan.<br class=\"html-br\" \/><br class=\"html-br\" \/>Bu buyuk dostonning mazmuni shundan iboratki, ko\u2018ngilli mujohidlar o\u2018zaro maslahatlashib, Rim shahriga bostirib kirishga qaror qilishgan. Ular bu g&#039;oyani Sitsiliya hukumati va uning gubernatori Al-Fadl ibn Ja&#039;far Al-Hamadhaniyga taqdim etishdi. U, o\u2018z navbatida, bu masalani o\u2018sha paytdagi Ag\u2018lobiy shahzoda Abu al-Abbos Muhammad ibn al-Ag\u2018lobga havola qilgan. Bu g&#039;oya unga yoqdi va mujohidlarni ko&#039;p miqdorda asbob-uskunalar, oziq-ovqat va odamlar bilan ta&#039;minladi. Dengiz yurishi hijriy 231 \/ milodiy 846 yilda Italiya qirg&#039;oqlari tomon, bu daryoning oxirida Rim joylashgan Tevere daryosining og&#039;ziga etib bordi. O&#039;sha paytda Rim shahrining devorlari butun eski shaharni o&#039;z ichiga olmaydi. Aksincha, Pyotr va Pavlusning mashhur cherkovlari va ma&#039;badlar, ziyoratgohlar va qadimgi qabrlarning katta guruhini o&#039;z ichiga olgan diniy okrug devorlardan tashqarida edi. Xristianlar bu yer osmon bilan himoyalangan muqaddas hudud deb o&#039;ylashgani uchun, u himoyasiz qoldirilgan edi. Mujohidlar o&#039;sha tumanga hujum qilib, uning ta&#039;riflab bo&#039;lmaydigan barcha boyliklarini egallab oldilar. Keyin ular Qaysarlar shahrini qamal qilishdi va shahar qulash arafasida edi. Papa Sergius qo&#039;rqib ketdi. O&#039;sha paytdagi Rim papasi keng qamrovli hujum haqida ogohlantirildi va u Evropa qirollari va knyazlariga favqulodda qo&#039;ng&#039;iroqlar yubordi. O&#039;sha paytdagi Franklar imperatori Lui II tashabbusni o&#039;z qo&#039;liga oldi va Rim va uning cherkovlarini qutqarish uchun o&#039;z askarlarining katta yurishini yubordi. Musulmon yurishi boshliqlarining o\u02bbzlari o\u02bbrtasida yuzaga kelgan kelishmovchiliklar tufayli musulmonlar qamalni olib tashlab, o\u02bblja va asirlar bilan ortilgan Sitsiliyaga qaytishdi.<br class=\"html-br\" \/><br class=\"html-br\" \/>Musulmon mujohidlarining bu dadil urinishi bir paytlar qadimgi dunyo poytaxti va jahon xristian dinining markazi bo\u2018lgan Rim shahri mudofaalarining zaif va zaifligini ochib berdi. Musulmonlar fursat yetguncha yana urinib ko\u2018rishga qaror qildilar. Bu hijriy 256 \/ milodiy 870 yil, o&#039;sha paytdagi Aglobid shahzodasi Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Ag&#039;labning kuchli yordami bilan sodir bo&#039;ldi. Bu shahzoda bir yil avval, 255 hijriy \/ 869 yilda Malta orolini zabt etishga muvaffaq bo&#039;lgan edi. Uning ambitsiyalari Rimni zabt etish sharafiga erishish uchun ko&#039;tarildi. Darhaqiqat, mujohidlarning flotlari Aglobidlarning flotlari bilan uchrashdi va ular Tever daryosining og&#039;ziga etib borguncha oldingi yurishdagi kabi yo&#039;l bo&#039;ylab yurdilar. O&#039;sha paytdagi Rim papasi Leo IV oldingi bosqindan saboq olib, shoshilib Genuya va Neapol flotlaridan musulmonlarning Rimga qarshi harbiy-dengiz kampaniyasini qaytarishni so&#039;radi. Ostia porti suvlari yaqinida ikki tomon o\u02bbrtasida katta dengiz jangi bo\u02bblib o\u02bbtdi, bu jangda musulmonlar nasroniy flotlarini deyarli tor-mor qilishdi. Agar Ostiyaga kuchli dengiz bo&#039;roni bo&#039;lmaganida, janglar to&#039;xtagan bo&#039;lardi.<br class=\"html-br\" \/><br class=\"html-br\" \/>Bu kuchli bo&#039;ron musulmonlarni to&#039;xtata olmadi va bo&#039;ron natijasida katta yo&#039;qotishlarga qaramay, bosqinni davom ettirishda turib oldilar va shaharni qulash arafasida bo&#039;lgunga qadar bor kuch bilan qamal qildilar. Bu nasroniylikdagi ofatlar tufayli qayg&#039;udan vafot etgan Leo IV ning o&#039;rniga kelgan Rim papasi Ioann VIII ni musulmonlar shartlariga bo&#039;ysunishga va ularga har yili yigirma besh ming misqol kumushdan soliq to&#039;lashga undadi. Bu umuman nasroniy xalqlariga va xususan Yevropaga qattiq ta&#039;sir qildi, chunki Rim papasi musulmonlarga qanday hurmat ko&#039;rsatishi mumkin edi? Ammo bu shubhasiz, tasdiqlangan tarixiy haqiqatdir. Dushmanlar shohid bo\u2018lib, o\u2018z kitoblariga yozib qo\u2018ygan narsadir, garchi bu ularni sharmanda qilsa ham, g\u2018amgin qilsa ham. Shuningdek, u o\u2018tmishdagi g\u2018urur, qadr-qimmat va qahramonlik sahnalaridan biri bo\u2018lib, hozir musulmonlar bundan o\u2018rganishlari va undan bahramand bo\u2018lishlari kerak.<br class=\"html-br\" \/><br class=\"html-br\" \/>Nega biz buyuk edik<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Tamer Badrning (Unutilmas mamlakatlar) kitobi\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>27-fevral, 2019-yil Italiyaning fathlari Musulmonlar Qaysar shahriga ikki marta bostirib kirishdi va afsuski, bu bosqinlar va shunga o\u02bbxshash boshqa islomiy ma\u02bclumotlarda kam ma\u02bclumot bor; Buning sababi shundaki, bu bosqinlarning aksariyati xalifalik hokimiyatidan uzoqda bo&#039;lgan ko&#039;ngilli mujohidlar tomonidan amalga oshirilgan, bu esa musulmon tarixchilarni bu qahramonlik va fathlarning aksariyatidan bexabar qilib qo&#039;ygan va bu bosqinlar haqidagi ma&#039;lumotlarning aksariyati [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21944,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","inline_featured_image":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-21943","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-115"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21943"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21943\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21944"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21943"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}