{"id":21877,"date":"2025-03-27T11:08:01","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T11:08:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21877"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:45:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:45:18","slug":"ghfghh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/uz\/archives\/21877","title":{"rendered":"Sevilyaning qulashi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2014 yil 17 sentyabr<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Sevilyaning qulashi

Tarix biz bilan hamisha takrorlanadi, afsuski, biz tarixdan manfaat ko\u2018rish uchun o\u2018qimagan xalqmiz, oxir oqibat bizdan oldin o\u2018tganlarning xatolariga tushib qolamiz. O'tmishni eslamaganlar uni takrorlashga mahkum, afsuski, biz o'tmishdagi xatolarni takrorlaymiz va bir-birimizni yo'q qilish uchun dushmanlarimiz bilan ittifoq tuzamiz.

Bu Sevilyaning qulashi haqidagi hikoya, bu Andalusiyaning qolgan shaharlari qulashining takroriy misolidir va afsuski, bu bizning hozirgi voqeligimizning takroriy misolidir.

Hijriy 633 \/ milodiy 1236 yilda Andalusiyadagi islomning eng yirik qo'rg'oni Kordovaning qulashi Andalusiyaning to'liq qulashi tugashining boshlanishi edi. Sevilyaliklar Almohadlar qulagandan so'ng o'zlariga tayanmay qolganlaridan keyin tashqi himoyaga muhtojligini angladilar. Ular o\u2018z bay\u2019atlarini Almohadlar qulagandan keyin porlagan Tunisdagi Hafsidlar shahzodasi shahzoda Abu Zakariya al-Hafsiyga yubordilar. Biroq, Hafsid shahzodasi Sevilyaga yuborgan odamlar xalqqa yomon munosabatda bo'lib, buzuqlik ko'rsatdilar, shuning uchun Sevilya aholisi ularni quvib chiqarishga majbur bo'lib, o'zlariga tayana boshladilar. Ular Kastiliya nasroniy qiroli Ferdinand III o\u2018rtasida tuzilgan haqoratli shartnomani bekor qilib, yuqorida tilga olingan shartnoma loyihasi muallifi, nasroniylarni xor qilish siyosati tarafdori Ibn al-Jaddni o\u2018ldirishdi.
Bu Sevilya uchun oxirat boshlanishining xabarchisi edi, lekin ular tashqi islomiy yordamni yo'qotdilar va shartnomani buzish orqali Kastiliyaga urush e'lon qildilar, chunki ularning sharoitlari kirishga tayyor emas edi.
Hijriy 644 \/ milodiy 1246 yil nasroniylarning Sevilyaga qarshi harakati boshlanganiga guvoh bo'ldi. Salibchilar shu yili Ferdinand bilan tuzgan shartnomasiga ko\u2018ra Granada qiroli Ibn al-Ahmar yordamida Sevilya garnizonini egallab olishdi va bu orqali Ferdinand Argonani berib, al-Hajjarni, Jobir qal\u2019asini va Frantira yerlarini sotib yubordi. U Kastiliya qiroliga bo'ysunishini tan oldi va unga har yili ispan puli 150 000 maravedis miqdorida soliq to'lashga va musulmon dushmanlariga qarshi urushlarida unga yordam berishga va'da berdi!!!
Keyingi yili hijriy 645 \/ milodiy 1247 yilda nasroniy qo'shinlari yana Sevilyaga oldinga siljiydi va Ibn al-Ahmarning aralashuvi tufayli o'nlab islom shaharlarini egallashga muvaffaq bo'ldi. Sevilya har tomondan nasroniy batalyonlari va musulmon Ibn al-Ahmar boshchiligidagi batalyon tomonidan qamal qilingan va o'ralgan, barchasi o'z xalqini ko'chirishda va u erda Islomga da'vatni bostirishda qatnashgan. Balki qamaldagi musulmonlar ko'rgan islomiy jangovar bayroqning borligi Sevilyaning mard xalqining yig'lagan ko'zlari va qalblari olgan eng og'ir zarbadir!!
Sevilyaning hurmatli odamlari Ibn al-Ahmar qo'llab-quvvatlagan nasroniy qamalini qaytarish uchun bir yilga yaqin turdilar. Ular nasroniylarni bir necha marta pistirmaga tushirishga va ularni bir necha marta mag'lub etishga muvaffaq bo'lishdi.
Ular qamalda bo\u2018lganlarida Marokashdan yordam so\u2018ramoqchi bo\u2018ldilar, ammo natija bo\u2018lmadi. Ayni paytda nasroniylarga yordam yetib boraverdi, ular Sevilyada qamal qilingan musulmonlarga etkazib berishning oldini olishga muvaffaq bo'lishdi. Oziq-ovqat zahiralari tugadi va ochlik xayoloti charchagan shaharga kira boshladi!!
Va bu Xudoning irodasi edi va Sevilya musulmonlari hijriy 647 \/ milodiy 1248 yildagi shartnoma shartlariga ko'ra o'z shaharlarini tark etishdi. Ular tez orada qulagan boshqa islomiy ispan shaharlariga qochib ketishdi!!

Mayor Tamer Badrning "Unutilmas mamlakatlar" kitobidan\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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