{"id":21949,"date":"2025-03-27T12:08:18","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T12:08:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21949"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:11:20","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:11:20","slug":"fdshs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/sw\/archives\/21949","title":{"rendered":"Ashraf Barsbay na ushindi wa Kupro"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Machi 3, 2019<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Ashraf Barsbay na ushindi wa Kupro<\/strong>

Chokochoko za Kipre<\/strong>
Watu wa Cyprus walitumia kisiwa chao kama kituo cha kuvamia bandari za Waislamu mashariki mwa Mediterania na kutishia biashara ya Waislamu. Peter I wa Lusignan, Mfalme wa Kupro, alianzisha vita vyake vya msalaba dhidi ya Alexandria mnamo 767 AH \/ 1365 AD. Maduka, nyumba za kulala wageni, na hoteli zilichomwa moto, misikiti ilinajisiwa, na watu wa Kupro walitundika misalaba juu yake. Wanawake walibakwa, na watoto na wazee waliuawa. Walibaki jijini kwa siku tatu, wakisababisha uharibifu mkubwa, kisha wakaondoka kuelekea kisiwani kwao wakati Wamamluki walipoingia, wakichukua wafungwa karibu elfu tano pamoja nao. Ulaya ilishangilia, na wafalme wake wakapongezana, sawa na Papa. Vita kama hivyo vilirudiwa dhidi ya Tripoli huko Syria mnamo 796 AH \/ 1393 AD.
Uvamizi wa Kipro kwenye bandari za Waislamu uliendelea bila kukoma, na majaribio ya masultani wa Mamluk ya kuondosha na kuondoa tishio hilo hayakufaulu. Kudharau kwa watu wa Cypriot kwa ufahari wa dola ya Mamluk na kiburi chao juu ya nguvu zao ilisababisha baadhi ya maharamia wao kushambulia meli ya Misri katika 826 AH \/ 1423 AD, na kuwachukua mateka wale waliokuwemo. Majaribio ya Sultan Barsbay ya kuhitimisha mkataba na Janus, Mfalme wa Cyprus, ili kuhakikisha kwamba wafanyabiashara Waislamu hawatashambuliwa hayakufaulu.
Watu wa Cypriot walikwenda mbali sana katika kiburi chao, wakakamata meli mbili za wafanyabiashara karibu na bandari ya Damietta na kukamata wafanyakazi wao, ambao walikuwa zaidi ya watu mia moja. Kisha wakaenda zaidi ya hapo na kukamata meli iliyosheheni zawadi ambazo Sultan Barsbay alikuwa amempelekea Sultan Murad II wa Ottoman. Wakati huo, Barsbay hawakuwa na chaguo ila kuhama ili kurudisha hatari hii na kujibu matusi haya ambayo watu wa Cypriot walikuwa wakiyaelekeza kila mara katika jimbo la Mamluk. Tamaa ya jihadi na hisia ya uwajibikaji iliwashwa ndani yake, hivyo alitayarisha kampeni tatu za kuivamia Cyprus, katika miaka mitatu mfululizo.

Kampeni tatu<\/strong>
Kampeni ya kwanza ilianzishwa mnamo 827 AH \/ 1424 AD. Ilikuwa ni kampeni ndogo iliyotua Saiprasi, ikashambulia bandari ya Limassol, ikateketeza meli tatu za Cypriot zilizokuwa zikijiandaa kufanya uharamia, na kukamata kiasi kikubwa cha nyara. Kampeni kisha ikarejea Cairo.

Ushindi huu ulihimiza Barsbay kuandaa kampeni yenye nguvu zaidi kuliko ile ya awali ya kuivamia Cyprus. Kampeni ya pili ilianzishwa katika Rajab 828 AH \/ Mei 1425 AD, yenye meli arobaini, na kuelekea Levant, na kutoka huko hadi Cyprus, ambako ilifanikiwa kuharibu ngome ya Limassol, na kuua watu wa Kupro elfu tano. Ilirudi Cairo ikiwa na wafungwa elfu moja, pamoja na nyara zilizobebwa juu ya ngamia na nyumbu.

Katika kampeni ya tatu, Barsbay ililenga kukiteka kisiwa hicho na kukiweka chini ya mamlaka yake. Alitayarisha kampeni ambayo ilikuwa kubwa kuliko zile mbili zilizopita, nyingi zaidi na zenye vifaa bora zaidi. Meli mia moja na themanini zilisafiri kutoka kwa Rashid mnamo 829 AH \/ 1426 AD, na kuelekea Limassol. Haukupita muda mrefu kabla ya kujisalimisha kwa majeshi ya Misri mnamo tarehe 26 Sha\u2019ban 829 AH \/ Julai 2, 1426 AD. Kampeni hiyo ilihamia kaskazini hadi kisiwa cha Kupro. Mfalme wa kisiwa alijaribu kurudisha majeshi ya Misri nyuma, lakini alishindwa na kuchukuliwa mfungwa. Vikosi vya Misri viliteka mji mkuu, Nicosia, na hivyo kisiwa kikaingia utii wa jimbo la Mamluk.
Cairo ilisherehekea kurejea kwa kampeni ya ushindi, ikiwa na mashada ya ushindi. Kampeni ilifanyika katika mitaa ya Cairo, ambapo watu walikusanyika kuwakaribisha mashujaa mnamo tarehe 8 Shawwal 829 AH \/ tarehe 14 Agosti 1426 AD. Umati wa wafungwa 3,700 waliandamana nyuma ya msafara huo, kutia ndani Mfalme Janus na wakuu wake.

Barsbay alimpokea Mfalme wa Kupro kwenye kasri, na mbele yake walikuwepo wajumbe kutoka sehemu mbalimbali, kama vile: Sharif wa Makka, wajumbe kutoka Ottoman, Mfalme wa Tunis, na baadhi ya wakuu wa Turkmen. Janos alibusu ardhi mikononi mwa Barsbay, na akamwomba amwachilie. Sultani alikubali kulipa dinari laki mbili kama fidia, kwa ahadi kwamba Cyprus itaendelea kuwa chini ya Mamluk Sultan, na kwamba atakuwa naibu wake katika kuitawala, na kwamba atatoa kodi ya kila mwaka. Kuanzia wakati huo, kisiwa cha Kupro kilibaki chini ya Misri, hadi mwaka wa 923 AH \/ 1517 BK, wakati jimbo la Mamluk lilipoanguka mikononi mwa Ottoman Sultan Selim I.

Kwa Nini Tulikuwa Wakuu
Kitabu (Nchi Zisizosahaulika) na Tamer Badr\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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