{"id":21943,"date":"2025-03-27T12:05:10","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T12:05:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21943"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:17:43","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:17:43","slug":"fdgds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/sk\/archives\/21943","title":{"rendered":"Dobytie Talianska"},"content":{"rendered":"
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27. febru\u00e1ra 2019<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Dobytie Talianska<\/strong>

Moslimovia dvakr\u00e1t vtrhli do mesta Caesar a bohu\u017eia\u013e, v islamsk\u00fdch zdrojoch je o t\u00fdchto a podobn\u00fdch inv\u00e1zi\u00e1ch len m\u00e1lo inform\u00e1ci\u00ed. Je to preto, \u017ee v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu t\u00fdchto inv\u00e1zi\u00ed vykonali dobrovo\u013en\u00ed mud\u017eahed\u00edni, nez\u00e1visl\u00ed od autority kalif\u00e1tu. Moslimsk\u00ed historici si preto v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu t\u00fdchto hrdinsk\u00fdch \u010dinov a dobyt\u00ed neuvedomuj\u00fa. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina inform\u00e1ci\u00ed o t\u00fdchto inv\u00e1zi\u00e1ch poch\u00e1dza z eur\u00f3pskych zdrojov.

Podstatou tohto ve\u013ek\u00e9ho eposu je, \u017ee dobrovo\u013en\u00ed mud\u017eahed\u00edni sa po vz\u00e1jomnej porade rozhodli napadn\u00fa\u0165 mesto R\u00edm. T\u00fato my\u0161lienku predlo\u017eili sic\u00edlskej vl\u00e1de a jej guvern\u00e9rovi Al-Fadl ibn D\u017ea`farovi Al-Hamadhanimu. Ten n\u00e1sledne post\u00fapil t\u00fato z\u00e1le\u017eitos\u0165 vtedaj\u0161iemu aghlabidsk\u00e9mu knie\u017ea\u0165u Abu al-Abbasovi Muhammadovi ibn al-Aghlabovi. My\u0161lienka sa mu p\u00e1\u010dila a poskytol mud\u017eahed\u00ednom mno\u017estvo vybavenia, z\u00e1sob a mu\u017eov. N\u00e1morn\u00e1 kampa\u0148 sa za\u010dala v roku 231 AH \/ 846 n. l. smerom k pobre\u017eiu Talianska, a\u017e k\u00fdm nedosiahla \u00fastie rieky Tivere, kde sa na konci tejto rieky nach\u00e1dza R\u00edm. V tom \u010dase hradby mesta R\u00edm nezah\u0155\u0148ali cel\u00e9 star\u00e9 mesto. Za hradbami sa nach\u00e1dzala sk\u00f4r n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e1 \u0161tvr\u0165, v ktorej sa nach\u00e1dzali sl\u00e1vne kostoly Petra a Pavla a ve\u013ek\u00e1 skupina chr\u00e1mov, sv\u00e4t\u00fd\u0148 a starobyl\u00fdch hrobiek. Zostala nestr\u00e1\u017een\u00e1, preto\u017ee kres\u0165ania sa domnievali, \u017ee ide o sv\u00e4t\u00e9 miesto chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 nebom. Mud\u017eahed\u00edni za\u00fato\u010dili na t\u00fato oblas\u0165 a zmocnili sa v\u0161etk\u00fdch jej pokladov, ktor\u00e9 sa nedali op\u00edsa\u0165. Potom obliehali mesto C\u00e9zarov a mesto bolo na pokraji p\u00e1du. P\u00e1pe\u017e Sergius bol vydesen\u00fd. R\u00edmsky p\u00e1pe\u017e bol v tom \u010dase varovan\u00fd pred rozsiahlym \u00fatokom a poslal ties\u0148ov\u00e9 volania kr\u00e1\u013eom a knie\u017eat\u00e1m Eur\u00f3py. Fransk\u00fd cis\u00e1r \u013dudov\u00edt II. sa vtedaj\u0161ieho obdobia chopil iniciat\u00edvy a vyslal ve\u013ek\u00fa v\u00fdpravu svojich vojakov na z\u00e1chranu R\u00edma a jeho kostolov. Kv\u00f4li nezhod\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 vznikli medzi samotn\u00fdmi vodcami moslimsk\u00e9ho \u0165a\u017eenia, moslimovia zru\u0161ili obliehanie a vr\u00e1tili sa na Sic\u00edliu nalo\u017een\u00ed s koris\u0165ou a v\u00e4z\u0148ami.

Tento odv\u00e1\u017eny pokus moslimsk\u00fdch mud\u017eahed\u00ednov odhalil slabos\u0165 a krehkos\u0165 obrany mesta R\u00edm, ktor\u00e9 bolo kedysi hlavn\u00fdm mestom starovek\u00e9ho sveta a centrom glob\u00e1lneho kres\u0165anstva. Moslimovia sa rozhodli sk\u00fasi\u0165 to znova, k\u00fdm sa nenaskytne pr\u00edle\u017eitos\u0165. Stalo sa tak v roku 256 AH \/ 870 n. l., so silnou podporou vtedaj\u0161ieho aghlabidsk\u00e9ho knie\u017ea\u0165a Muhammada ibn Ahmada ibn al-Aghlaba. Tento knie\u017ea sa o rok sk\u00f4r, v roku 255 AH \/ 869 n. l., podarilo doby\u0165 ostrov Malta. Jeho amb\u00edcie st\u00fapali a chcel dosiahnu\u0165 \u010des\u0165 dobytia R\u00edma. Flotily mud\u017eahed\u00ednov sa skuto\u010dne stretli s flotilami Aghlabidov a pokra\u010dovali po rovnakej trase ako pri predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej kampani, a\u017e k\u00fdm nedosiahli \u00fastie rieky Tevere. Vtedaj\u0161\u00ed r\u00edmsky p\u00e1pe\u017e Lev IV., ktor\u00fd sa pou\u010dil z predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facej inv\u00e1zie, sa pon\u00e1h\u013eal a po\u017eiadal flotily Janova a Neapola, aby odrazili moslimsk\u00fa n\u00e1morn\u00fa kampa\u0148 proti R\u00edmu. Medzi oboma stranami vypukla ne\u010faleko pr\u00edstavu Ostia obrovsk\u00e1 n\u00e1morn\u00e1 bitka, v ktorej moslimovia takmer rozdrvili kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 flotily. Keby Ostiu nezasiahla prudk\u00e1 morsk\u00e1 b\u00farka, boje by sa zastavili.

T\u00e1to siln\u00e1 b\u00farka moslimov neodradila a napriek ve\u013ek\u00fdm strat\u00e1m v d\u00f4sledku b\u00farky trvali na pokra\u010dovan\u00ed inv\u00e1zie a obliehali mesto s maxim\u00e1lnou silou, a\u017e k\u00fdm nebolo na pokraji p\u00e1du. To prin\u00fatilo p\u00e1pe\u017ea J\u00e1na VIII., ktor\u00fd nahradil Leva IV., ktor\u00fd zomrel od \u017eia\u013eu nad katastrofami, ktor\u00e9 postihli kres\u0165anstvo, podriadi\u0165 sa podmienkam moslimov a plati\u0165 im ro\u010dn\u00fd hold vo v\u00fd\u0161ke dvadsa\u0165p\u00e4\u0165tis\u00edc mithqalov striebra. Toto malo v\u00e1\u017eny dopad na kres\u0165ansk\u00e9 n\u00e1rody vo v\u0161eobecnosti a Eur\u00f3pu zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, preto\u017ee ako mohol p\u00e1pe\u017e vzda\u0165 hold moslimom? Toto je v\u0161ak preuk\u00e1zan\u00e1 historick\u00e1 pravda, o ktorej niet poch\u00fdb. Je to nie\u010do, \u010doho boli svedkami a \u010do si nepriatelia zap\u00edsali do svojich kn\u00edh, aj ke\u010f ich to zahanbuje a zarmucuje. Je to tie\u017e jedna zo sc\u00e9n hrdosti, d\u00f4stojnosti a hrdinstva v minulosti, o ktorej sa teraz moslimovia musia u\u010di\u0165 a z ktorej by mali ma\u0165 \u00fa\u017eitok.

Pre\u010do sme boli skvel\u00ed
Kniha (Nezabudnute\u013en\u00e9 krajiny) od Tamera Badra\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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