{"id":21852,"date":"2025-03-27T10:47:30","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T10:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21852"},"modified":"2025-04-20T10:02:12","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T10:02:12","slug":"gfhfd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/my\/archives\/21852","title":{"rendered":"\u1019\u102f\u101f\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1012\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103a-\u1016\u102c\u1010\u102e\u101f\u103a"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u1019\u102f\u101f\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1012\u103a \u1021\u101c\u103a-\u1016\u102c\u1010\u102e\u101f\u103a

Fatih Sultan Mehmed Khan II \u101f\u102f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030 Sultan Mehmed II \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u104f \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1019\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u201c\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u201d \u1021\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a Abu al-Futuh \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Abu al-Khairat \u101f\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101c\u1030\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u201c\u1006\u102e\u1007\u102c\u201d \u101f\u1030\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1001\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u1018\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1024\u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1006\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1005\u102f\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1018\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1007\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101c\u1030\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1006\u101a\u103a\u1014\u102e\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038 \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a Sultan Mehmed \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1000\u103a\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u102c Anatolian \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c Belgrade \u1021\u1011\u102d \u1025\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1016\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u104f \u1021\u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102c Byzantine \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u101a\u1014\u1039\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101f\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1030
Mehmed II \u1000\u102d\u102f Rajab 835 AH \/ March 30, 1432 AD \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1000 \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u104f\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a Edirne \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u104f \u101e\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1019\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1018\u102f\u101b\u1004\u103a Sultan Murad II \u1019\u103e \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1010\u102c\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1002\u101b\u102f\u1010\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u100a\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u102f\u101b\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1014\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u101c\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u101f\u1012\u102e\u1038\u1005\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1016\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1025\u1015\u1012\u1031\u1015\u100a\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1000\u102c \u101e\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1001\u103b\u102c\u104a \u1014\u1000\u1039\u1001\u1010\u1039\u1010\u1017\u1031\u1012\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u1031\u1037\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a \u1021\u102c\u101b\u1017\u102e\u104a \u1015\u102b\u101b\u103e\u1014\u103a\u104a \u101c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1002\u101b\u102d\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1004\u103a\u101a\u1030\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u101e\u1030\u1037\u1021\u1016\u1031\u1000 \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1004\u101a\u103a\u1004\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u1019\u1002\u1039\u1002\u1014\u102e\u1005\u102e\u101a\u102c Emirate of Magnesia \u1019\u103e\u102c \u1021\u1015\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u1005\u1039\u1005\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u102e\u1019\u1036\u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1032\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u1032\u1037 \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1000 \u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1032\u1037 \u1015\u100a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1032\u1037 Sheikh Aq Shams al-Din \u1014\u1032\u1037 Mulla al-Kurani \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101c\u1031\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101a\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000 \u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1004\u101a\u103a\u104f \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1009\u102c\u100f\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1009\u102c\u100f\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u101e\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1036\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Sheikh "Aq Shams al-Din" \u104f\u1021\u1001\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u100f\u1039\u100d\u101e\u100a\u103a Muhammad al-Fatih \u104f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1000\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104c\u1021\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1011\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a- Ottoman jihad \u101c\u103e\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u1031\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u104a \u1019\u102d\u102f\u101f\u102c\u1019\u1000\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1004\u101a\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1000\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1015\u1004\u103a \u1019\u102f\u101f\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1012\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u101f\u103a\u1019\u1012\u103a\u104c\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c ibn Musbalith \u1014\u1036\u1015\u102b\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c ibn Musbalith \u104f\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a 18189: Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah \u1000 \u1004\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah \u1006\u102e\u1000 \u1004\u102b\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u1000 Zayd ibn al-Hubab \u1000 \u1004\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u1000 al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah al-Ma'afiri \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u1000 Abdullah \u101b\u1032\u1037 \u1005\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 Abdullah \u101b\u1032\u1037 Abdullah \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1006\u102d\u102f\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1018\u1000 \u1010\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1014\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1015\u102b\u104a \u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1001\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102e\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1004\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1014\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u1030\u1015\u102b \u101f\u102f\u1006\u102d\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a- "\u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1018\u101a\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u104a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1018\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103b\u103e\u101c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1005\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u104b" \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u104f \u1010\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u104f \u1014\u102d\u1012\u102b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102d\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1019\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1019\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101b\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1030\u104a \u101b\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u101e\u1030\u104a \u1015\u100a\u102c\u1010\u1010\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1000\u1032\u1006\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1005\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1010\u103a\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1030\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1016\u1001\u1004\u103a Sultan Murad \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Mehmed the Conqueror \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1016\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u1030 Muharram 855 AH \/ February 7, 1451 AD 5th \u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1014\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1021\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1019\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1006\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1016\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u101e\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1015\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1005\u1010\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1015\u1004\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a Balkan \u1012\u1031\u101e\u101b\u103e\u102d \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1004\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1000\u1030\u100a\u102e\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1014\u103e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u101a\u103e\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1030\u1019\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1024\u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102e\u1038\u1019\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u101c\u102c\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1030\u1015\u103c\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1025\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102b\u1019\u103e\u1019\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1016\u1030\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1027\u101b\u102c\u1019\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1004\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a Dardanelles \u1000\u102d\u102f\u1015\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a Marmara \u1015\u1004\u103a\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1018\u1031\u102c\u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b Bosphorus \u101b\u1031\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a Rumeli Hisar\u0131 \u101f\u102f\u101c\u1030\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c Bosphorus \u104f\u1025\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1018\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1001\u1036\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Constantinople \u104f\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032
Sultan \u101e\u100a\u103a Constantinople \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1014\u100a\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1010\u1015\u103a\u101e\u102c\u1038 265,000 \u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103c\u1031\u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030 \u1001\u103b\u102e\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102c Constantinople \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1026\u1038\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b Jumada al-Ula 857 AH \/ May 29, 1453 AD 29, 1453 \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1039\u1002\u102b\u1014\u1031\u1037 \u1014\u1036\u1014\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a Muhammad al-Fatih \u104f\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1015\u102b\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1005\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1005\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Sultan Muhammad II \u101e\u100a\u103a Muhammad al-Fatih \u101f\u1030\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1018\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1024\u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u102c \u101e\u102d\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u1032\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101d\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1007\u1030\u1038\u1010\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Hagia Sophia \u1018\u102f\u101b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1017\u101c\u102e\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u1032\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u1019\u102d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101b\u103e\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1015\u1011\u1019\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a Abu Ayyub al-Ansari \u104f \u1021\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1002\u1030\u1014\u1031\u101b\u102c\u104c \u1017\u101c\u102e\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1019\u102d\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b Constantinople \u1000\u102d\u102f \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u104f \u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u1010\u100a\u103a\u1011\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103a\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101f\u102f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102c\u101a\u103a\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1021\u1013\u102d\u1015\u1039\u1015\u102c\u101a\u103a\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c Islam Bol \u101f\u102f \u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u102f\u1036\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1015\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 Istanbul \u101f\u102f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1036\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1030\u101d\u102b\u1012\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u103b\u1019\u103e\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f \u101d\u1010\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1040 \u101c\u103d\u1010\u103a\u101c\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u102c\u1019\u1001\u1036\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101d\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1036\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u103e\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103d\u102c\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f\u1014\u1031\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1001\u103d\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1005\u102e\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104b
Mehmed II \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1006\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1004\u102b\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1004\u101a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1024\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a Balkans \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u103e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e 863 AH \/ 1459 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a Serbia \u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 865 AH \/ 1460 AD \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1002\u101b\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d Peloponnese \u104a Wallachia \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Bogdan (Romania) \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a 866 AH \/ 1462 AD\u104a Albania \u1019\u103e 867 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a 884 AH \/ 1469 \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a Bogdan (\u101b\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038)\u104a 867 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a 870 AH \/ 1463 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a 1465 \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e\u104b \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e 881 AH \/ 1476 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101f\u1014\u103a\u1002\u1031\u101b\u102e\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u104f \u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101c\u103e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a Trabzon \u1000\u102d\u102f 866 AH \/ 1461 AD \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Mehmed the Conqueror \u104f\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1019\u103e\u102c Byzantine \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u104f\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a Constantinople \u1000\u102d\u102f\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019\u1027\u1000\u101b\u102c\u1007\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1018\u102f\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1021\u101e\u101b\u1031\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u102f\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1012\u102e\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u103e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u102e\u1010\u101c\u102e\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1019\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101a\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f \u1000\u102d\u101b\u102d\u101a\u102c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1006\u102c\u1015\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101b\u1031\u101a\u102c\u1009\u103a\u1005\u102f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1015\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b Otranto \u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1021\u1014\u102e\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1006\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1024\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a Jumada al-Ula 885 AH \/ July 1480 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u101b\u1032\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Muhammad al-Fatih \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1011\u102d\u102f\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1021\u102e\u1010\u101c\u102e\u1000\u103b\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1006\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1018\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1037\u101c\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101b\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1019\u1019\u103c\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101b\u100a\u103a\u101b\u103d\u101a\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 Rabi` al-Awwal 886 AH \/ May 3, 1481 AD 4 \u101b\u1000\u103a\u1014\u1031\u1037\u104c \u101e\u1031\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u101b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1011\u1036 \u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102c\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Muhammad al-Fatih \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1037\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101c\u1030\u1037\u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u104f \u1014\u102c\u101a\u1000\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1019\u1000\u103c\u102f\u1036\u1005\u1016\u1030\u1038\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101c\u102c\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a Mehmed \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u104f \u1021\u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102c \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1031\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u104b \u101a\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1005\u102c\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1019\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038 \u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1037\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b Grand Vizier Karamanli Mehmed Pasha \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u1030\u1038 Leyszade Mehmed \u00c7elebi \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u1030 \u1015\u1030\u1038\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104d \u101e\u1030\u1021\u1019\u100a\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u1005\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102f\u1036\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1025\u1015\u1012\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u103d\u1032\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1021\u1001\u103c\u1031\u1001\u1036\u1019\u1030\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e 1255 AH\/1839 \u1021\u1011\u102d \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101a\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Mehmed the Conqueror \u101e\u100a\u103a \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u104f \u1014\u102c\u101a\u1000\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a \u101c\u1030\u101e\u102d\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1002\u103b\u102c\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u101b\u103e\u1031\u1037\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101d\u102b\u1012\u102e J. Jacob \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e 1322 AH \/ 1904 \u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1018\u102c\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1011\u102f\u1010\u103a\u101d\u1031\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1005\u102c\u1015\u1031\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u1010\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102f \u1005\u102c\u1038\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1019\u103e\u102e\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1021\u102c\u1038\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1015\u100a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u104a \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1015\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102c \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u1032\u1019\u103e \u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1001\u103b\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1013\u1019\u1039\u1019\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u101b\u102c\u1011\u1030\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1001\u1014\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101d\u102b\u101e\u1014\u102c\u1015\u102b\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u104a \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a Ferdowsi \u104f Shahnameh \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1030\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u101b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1016\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1011\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1015\u102f\u1012\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1006\u101b\u102c Shahdi \u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101b\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103d\u1032\u1037\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1010\u102c\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1014\u101a\u103a\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1011\u1004\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u100a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1001\u102b\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104a \u1015\u100a\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 Ali Qushji Samarqandi \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101e\u1030\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1021\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1004\u103d\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1000\u1030\u1021\u100a\u102e\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a \u1021\u101e\u102d\u1015\u100a\u102c\u1019\u103e \u1021\u1000\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1005\u1031\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1016\u102d\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1005\u1009\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u102d\u1014\u1039\u1012\u102d\u101a\u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038 Khaja Jahan \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Persian \u1000\u1017\u103b\u102c\u1006\u101b\u102c Abd al-Rahman Jabi \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1011\u1036 \u1004\u103d\u1031\u1000\u103c\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1019\u103c\u102c\u1038 \u1015\u1031\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101c\u1031\u1037\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
Mehmed the Conqueror \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u102e\u1010\u101c\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1019\u103e \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102e\u1006\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1014\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u102e\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1016\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1019\u1014\u103a\u1021\u1001\u103b\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1024\u1021\u1014\u102f\u1015\u100a\u102c\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101c\u1031\u1037\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1002\u103b\u102e\u101f\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1014\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1014\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u103c\u1014\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1000\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1019\u103d\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1021\u1021\u102f\u1036\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1006\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1015\u1010\u103a\u101e\u1000\u103a\u104d\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101b\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u1037\u101c\u1000\u103a\u1011\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1018\u1030\u101c\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1001\u102f\u1010\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1017\u101c\u102e \u1041\u1049\u1042 \u1001\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u101e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1017\u101c\u102e\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u102b\u1021\u101d\u1004\u103a \u1017\u101c\u102e\u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101b\u102c\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u104a \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1004\u103a\u1005\u1010\u102e\u1000\u103b\u102f \u1045\u1047 \u1001\u102f\u1021\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a \u101b\u1031\u1017\u1010\u103a \u1045\u1049 \u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102c\u1038\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1017\u102d\u101e\u102f\u1000\u102c\u101c\u1000\u103a\u101b\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1011\u1032\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a Sultan Mehmed \u1017\u101c\u102e\u104a Abu Ayyub al-Ansari \u1017\u101c\u102e\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a Topkapi \u1014\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
\u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u102c\u1019\u1037\u103a\u1025\u1015\u1012\u1031\u1015\u102b \u1015\u103c\u100b\u1039\u100c\u102c\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u101e\u1005\u1039\u1005\u102c\u1005\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u103a\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u101e\u1030\u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1011\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u101b\u102d\u102f\u101e\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101b\u103e\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u101e\u1030\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c\u101c\u103d\u103e\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u104f \u1005\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1019\u1030\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1001\u1031\u1010\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1025\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1015\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101b\u1018\u1032 \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f \u1025\u1015\u1012\u1031\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101a\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1000 \u1019\u101e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c \u101a\u1009\u103a\u1000\u103b\u1031\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1021\u1015\u103c\u102f\u1021\u1019\u1030\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
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\u1021\u1031\u1012\u102e 886 AH \/ 1481 \u1014\u103d\u1031\u1026\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u104a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030 Sultan Mehmed \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1015\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103a\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u104f\u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1021\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103e \u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103d\u102c\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1019\u1011\u103d\u1000\u103a\u1001\u103d\u102c\u1019\u102e\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030 Sultan Mehmed \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1000\u103b\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1019\u102c\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1015\u103c\u103f\u1014\u102c\u1010\u1005\u103a\u101b\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u102f\u1036\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1037\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101b\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1002\u103b\u102e\u101f\u1010\u103a\u1021\u1015\u1031\u102b\u103a \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1011\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u103b\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1021\u1010\u103d\u1000\u103a \u1021\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1019\u1015\u103c\u1010\u103a\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101c\u103b\u1005\u103a\u101c\u103b\u1030\u101b\u103e\u102f\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u1030\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a \u1026\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1016\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1015\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1015\u102b\u101d\u1004\u103a\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u101d\u1031\u1012\u1014\u102c\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103e \u101e\u1000\u103a\u101e\u102c\u101b\u102c\u101b\u101b\u1014\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102c\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1021\u1000\u103b\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u1012\u102b\u1015\u1031\u1019\u101a\u1037\u103a \u1012\u102e\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1000\u103c\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102c\u1010\u1031\u102c\u1037 \u101e\u1030\u1037\u101b\u1032\u1037\u101b\u1031\u102c\u1002\u102b\u1000 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1015\u102d\u102f\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1038\u101c\u102c\u1010\u102c\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u101b\u102c\u101d\u1014\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1031\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1001\u1031\u102b\u103a\u1001\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u102b\u1010\u101a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1000\u1036\u1000\u103c\u1019\u1039\u1019\u102c\u1000 \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1021\u102c\u1038 \u101c\u103b\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1014\u103a\u1005\u103d\u102c \u1000\u103b\u1031\u102c\u103a\u1010\u1000\u103a\u101e\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1000\u102f\u101e\u1001\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1038 \u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1006\u1031\u1038\u101d\u102b\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1021\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u1016\u103c\u1005\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u1031\u104b \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1030 Sultan Mehmed \u101e\u100a\u103a Rabi` al-Awwal 886 AH \/ May 3, 1481 AD \u104f \u1005\u1010\u102f\u1010\u1039\u1011\u1019\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a \u1000\u103c\u102c\u101e\u1015\u1010\u1031\u1038\u1014\u1031\u1037\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1005\u1005\u103a\u1010\u1015\u103a\u1021\u101c\u101a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1000\u103d\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1006\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a \u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1019\u103e \u1021\u101e\u1000\u103a\u1004\u102b\u1038\u1006\u101a\u1037\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1005\u103a\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1015\u103c\u102e\u104b
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Venetians \u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000 \u101e\u1030\u1037\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101c\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1000\u103c\u1036\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror \u101e\u100a\u103a \u104e\u1004\u103a\u1038\u104f\u1000\u102d\u102f\u101a\u103a\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1019\u102c\u1038\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a Yakub Pasha \u1019\u103e \u1021\u1006\u102d\u1015\u103a\u1001\u1010\u103a\u1001\u1036\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101b\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b Yakub \u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u102e\u1010\u101c\u102e\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a \u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1016\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1019\u103d\u1031\u1038\u1005\u1019\u103e \u1019\u103d\u1010\u103a\u1005\u101c\u1004\u103a\u1010\u1005\u103a\u1026\u1038\u1019\u101f\u102f\u1010\u103a\u1015\u1031\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1021\u1005\u1039\u1005\u101c\u1019\u103a\u1018\u102c\u101e\u102c\u101e\u102d\u102f\u1037 \u1000\u1030\u1038\u1015\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u1016\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1016\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1021\u1006\u102d\u1015\u103a\u101e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u101e\u100a\u103a\u101f\u102f \u1006\u102d\u102f\u101e\u1031\u102c\u103a\u101c\u100a\u103a\u1038 \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1021\u1000\u103c\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u101b\u103e\u102d\u101e\u1031\u102c\u1021\u1001\u102b \u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u101e\u1031\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a\u1021\u1011\u102d \u1006\u1031\u1038\u1015\u1019\u102c\u100f\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1019\u103c\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f \u1018\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1018\u1031\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u104f \u101b\u100a\u103a\u1019\u103e\u1014\u103a\u1038\u1001\u103b\u1000\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1016\u103c\u100a\u1037\u103a\u1006\u100a\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1000\u102c \u1000\u103d\u1014\u103a\u1005\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1010\u102e\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1015\u101a\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1021\u102c\u101b\u103e\u1019\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1006\u102c\u1038\u1018\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1018\u1031\u102c\u1037\u1005\u1014\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u104a \u1021\u101a\u103a\u101c\u103a\u1018\u1031\u1038\u1014\u102e\u1038\u101a\u102c\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1019\u102d\u102f\u101b\u102e\u101a\u102c\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1037\u104f \u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u1004\u1036\u1021\u102c\u1038\u101c\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1000\u102c \u1005\u1005\u103a\u1015\u103d\u1032\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1004\u103a\u1014\u103d\u103e\u1032\u1000\u102c \u1005\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1005\u1036\u1014\u1031\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b \u101e\u1030\u101e\u100a\u103a \u101e\u1030\u104f\u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1000\u102d\u102f \u1000\u103c\u102e\u1038\u1015\u103d\u102c\u1038\u1010\u102d\u102f\u1038\u1010\u1000\u103a\u1005\u1031\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1001\u103b\u102f\u1015\u103a\u101b\u1031\u1038\u1006\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101b\u102c \u1021\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103e\u102f\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1005\u103d\u102c\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101b\u101b\u103e\u102d\u1001\u1032\u1037\u1015\u103c\u102e\u1038 \u1014\u1031\u102c\u1000\u103a\u1006\u1000\u103a\u1010\u103d\u1032\u1005\u1030\u101c\u1010\u1014\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u101e\u100a\u103a \u1015\u103c\u100a\u103a\u1014\u101a\u103a\u1001\u103b\u1032\u1037\u1011\u103d\u1004\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a\u1014\u103e\u1004\u1037\u103a \u1012\u1031\u101e\u1021\u101e\u1005\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038\u1000\u102d\u102f \u101e\u102d\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1015\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u1021\u102c\u101b\u102f\u1036\u1005\u102d\u102f\u1000\u103a\u101b\u1014\u103a \u101c\u1019\u103a\u1038\u1001\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1015\u1031\u1038\u1001\u1032\u1037\u101e\u100a\u103a\u104b
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Muhammad al-Fatih \u1019\u101e\u1031\u1006\u102f\u1036\u1038\u1019\u102e\u1021\u101c\u102d\u102f\u1010\u1031\u102c\u103a
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Major Tamer Badr \u101b\u1031\u1038\u101e\u102c\u1038\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1019\u1019\u1031\u1037\u1014\u102d\u102f\u1004\u103a\u101e\u1031\u102c \u1001\u1031\u102b\u1004\u103a\u1038\u1006\u1031\u102c\u1004\u103a\u1019\u103b\u102c\u1038 \u1005\u102c\u1021\u102f\u1015\u103a\u1019\u103e\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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