{"id":25467,"date":"2025-04-05T14:36:32","date_gmt":"2025-04-05T14:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=25467"},"modified":"2025-07-04T08:27:05","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T08:27:05","slug":"h-91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/archives\/25467","title":{"rendered":"Alija Izetbegovic"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"25467\" class=\"elementor elementor-25467\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ce41e59 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4ce41e59\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49c83d20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49c83d20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"x1cy8zhl x2bj2ny x78zum5 x1q0g3np\"><div class=\"x1iyjqo2\"><div class=\"x78zum5 xdt5ytf xz62fqu x16ldp7u\"><div class=\"xu06os2 x1ok221b\"><h1 class=\"html-div xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1q0g3np\"><span class=\"html-span xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1hl2dhg x16tdsg8 x1vvkbs\"><span class=\"html-span xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1hl2dhg x16tdsg8 x1vvkbs x4k7w5x x1h91t0o x1h9r5lt x1jfb8zj xv2umb2 x1beo9mf xaigb6o x12ejxvf x3igimt xarpa2k xedcshv x1lytzrv x1t2pt76 x7ja8zs x1qrby5j\">22 Januari 2014<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div><div><div class=\"x1i10hfl x1qjc9v5 xjqpnuy xa49m3k xqeqjp1 x2hbi6w x9f619 x1ypdohk xdl72j9 x2lah0s xe8uvvx x2lwn1j xeuugli x16tdsg8 x1hl2dhg xggy1nq x1ja2u2z x1t137rt x1o1ewxj x3x9cwd x1e5q0jg x13rtm0m x1q0g3np x87ps6o x1lku1pv x1a2a7pz xjyslct xjbqb8w x13fuv20 xu3j5b3 x1q0q8m5 x26u7qi x972fbf xcfux6l x1qhh985 xm0m39n x3nfvp2 xdj266r x11i5rnm xat24cr x1mh8g0r xexx8yu x4uap5 x18d9i69 xkhd6sd x1n2onr6 x3ajldb x194ut8o x1vzenxt xd7ygy7 xt298gk x1xhcax0 x1s928wv x10pfhc2 x1j6awrg x1v53gu8 x1tfg27r xitxdhh\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-haspopup=\"menu\" aria-label=\"Tindakan yang perlu diambil untuk jawatan ini\"><div class=\"x1ey2m1c xds687c x17qophe xg01cxk x47corl x10l6tqk x13vifvy x1ebt8du x19991ni x1dhq9h xzolkzo x12go9s9 x1rnf11y xprq8jg\" role=\"none\" data-visualcompletion=\"ignore\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><h1 class=\"xyinxu5 x4uap5 x1g2khh7 xkhd6sd\"><span class=\"x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u\" dir=\"auto\"><strong>Alija Izetbegovic<\/strong><br class=\"html-br\" \/>Presiden pertama Republik Bosnia dan Herzegovina selepas tamatnya perang pemusnahan yang dilancarkan oleh Tentera Salib Serb terhadap orang Islam Bosnia dengan tujuan untuk menghapuskan mereka, pada awal 1990-an.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Beliau dilahirkan di bandar Bosana Krupa (Bosnia ialah salah satu republik bekas Persekutuan Yugoslavia, yang terpecah menjadi Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia dan Montenegro) kepada sebuah keluarga yang mempunyai sejarah Islam yang panjang, dan nama keluarganya kembali kepada kehadiran Turki di Bosnia.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Beliau belajar di sekolah-sekolah Sarajevo dan lulus dari Universiti Sarajevo, Fakulti Undang-undang.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Beliau bekerja sebagai penasihat undang-undang selama 25 tahun, kemudian bersara dan menumpukan dirinya dalam penyelidikan dan penulisan.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Kerana aktivismenya berkhidmat untuk umat Islam di negaranya, beliau telah dianiaya pada zaman komunis dan beberapa kali dipenjarakan.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Beliau memimpin rakyat Bosnia dalam mempertahankan kemerdekaan mereka. Dia mengetuai penentangan yang ganas dan berani menentang pencerobohan Serbia ke atas Bosnia, di mana umat Islam mengalami pembunuhan beramai-ramai dan penyembelihan yang tidak pernah berlaku dalam sejarah, termasuk pembunuhan beramai-ramai Srebrenica.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Di peringkat politik, beliau mengetuai rundingan yang sukar dan sukar dengan Barat untuk memelihara hak Bosnia sebagai negara bebas... sehingga ini dicapai (dengan Perjanjian Dayton).<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Izetbegovic berkhidmat sebagai Presiden Bosnia dan Herzegovina dari 1990 hingga 1996, dan sebagai ahli Presidensi Bosnia dari 1996 hingga 2000.<br class=\"html-br\" \/>Dia meninggal dunia pada 19 Oktober 2003, pada usia 78 tahun, dan dikebumikan di Sarajevo, ibu kota Bosnia dan Herzegovina.\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>22 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2014 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0632\u062a \u0628\u064a\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0646\u0651\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064f\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u064e\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f ( \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","inline_featured_image":false,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[184],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-25467","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-184"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25467"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25467\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/37169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/ms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}