{"id":21880,"date":"2025-03-27T11:09:35","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T11:09:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21880"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:44:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:44:14","slug":"rete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/lv\/archives\/21880","title":{"rendered":"Suleimans Lielais"},"content":{"rendered":"
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2014. gada 28. septembr\u012b<\/span><\/span><\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

Suleimans Lielais

Suleimans Lielais nebija iegrimis baud\u0101s, k\u0101 mums to reklam\u0113 mediji. Glu\u017ei pret\u0113ji, vi\u0146\u0161 bija taisn\u012bgs valdnieks, dzejnieks, kaligr\u0101fs un vair\u0101ku austrumu valodu, tostarp ar\u0101bu valodas, meistars. Vi\u0146am patika celtniec\u012bba un konstrukciju veido\u0161ana, un vi\u0146\u0161 m\u012bl\u0113ja d\u017eih\u0101du Dieva d\u0113\u013c. L\u016bk, vi\u0146a patiesais st\u0101sts.

Vi\u0146\u0161 ir Suleimans Varenais, Selima d\u0113ls, Rietumos paz\u012bstams k\u0101 Suleimans Varenais. Vi\u0146\u0161 ir viens no slaven\u0101kajiem Osma\u0146u sult\u0101niem. Vi\u0146\u0161 vald\u012bja 48 gadus no 9261. gada 5. marta, padarot vi\u0146u par visilg\u0101k valdo\u0161o Osma\u0146u sult\u0101nu.
Sult\u0101ns Suleimans Lielais pavad\u012bja \u010detrdesmit se\u0161us gadus Osma\u0146u kalif\u0101ta varas virsotn\u0113, kuru laik\u0101 valsts sasniedza sp\u0113ka un autorit\u0101tes virsotni. T\u0101s teritorija papla\u0161in\u0101j\u0101s l\u012bdz nepieredz\u0113tam l\u012bmenim, papla\u0161inot t\u0101s varu p\u0101r daudz\u0101m valst\u012bm trijos pasaules kontinentos. T\u0101s presti\u017es izplat\u012bj\u0101s, aptverot visu zemeslodi, un t\u0101 k\u013cuva par pasaules l\u012bderi, ko uzrun\u0101ja valstis un kara\u013cvalstis. Att\u012bst\u012bj\u0101s sist\u0113mas un likumi, lai p\u0101rvald\u012btu dz\u012bvi ar precizit\u0101ti un k\u0101rt\u012bbu, nep\u0101rk\u0101pjot isl\u0101ma likumus, kurus osma\u0146i v\u0113l\u0113j\u0101s cien\u012bt un iev\u0113rot vis\u0101s savas valsts da\u013c\u0101s. Att\u012bst\u012bj\u0101s m\u0101ksla un literat\u016bra, uzplauka arhitekt\u016bra un b\u016bvniec\u012bba.

Vi\u0146a audzin\u0101\u0161ana
Vi\u0146a t\u0113vs bija sult\u0101ns Selims I, bet m\u0101te bija Hafsa Sult\u0101ne, Krimas Menguli Karani hana meita. Suleimans Di\u017eenais piedzima Trabzon\u0101 900. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus \/ 1495. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus, kad vi\u0146a t\u0113vs bija gubernators. Vi\u0146\u0161 par vi\u0146u \u013coti r\u016bp\u0113j\u0101s, un Suleimans uzauga, m\u012blot zin\u0101\u0161anas, literat\u016bru, zin\u0101tniekus, liter\u0101tus un juristus. Vi\u0146\u0161 jau no jaun\u012bbas bija paz\u012bstams ar savu nopietn\u012bbu un cie\u0146u.

P\u0101r\u0146emot varas gro\u017eus
Sult\u0101ns Suleimans Lielais p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma kalif\u0101tu p\u0113c sava t\u0113va, sult\u0101na Selima I, n\u0101ves 926. gada 9. \u0160avval\u0101 \/ 1520. gada 22. septembr\u012b. Vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101ka p\u0101rvald\u012bt valsts lietas un vad\u012bt t\u0101s politiku. Savas runas vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101ka ar Sv\u0113t\u0101 Kor\u0101na pantu: "Patiesi, tas ir no Salamana, un patiesi, tas ir Dieva, Vis\u017e\u0113l\u012bg\u0101, Vis\u017e\u0113l\u012bg\u0101k\u0101, v\u0101rd\u0101." Sult\u0101ns savas vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 paveica daudzus darbus, kuriem bija liela noz\u012bme valsts dz\u012bv\u0113.
Pirmaj\u0101 savas vald\u012b\u0161anas period\u0101 vi\u0146am izdev\u0101s nostiprin\u0101t valsts presti\u017eu un uzbrukt dump\u012bgajiem gubernatoriem, kuri tiec\u0101s p\u0113c neatkar\u012bbas, uzskatot, ka sult\u0101na jaunais vecums, kuram bija tikai divdesmit se\u0161i gadi, ir laba iesp\u0113ja \u012bstenot savus sap\u0146us. Tom\u0113r vi\u0146us p\u0101rsteidza sult\u0101na stingr\u0101 un nelok\u0101m\u0101 ap\u0146\u0113m\u012bba, kad vi\u0146\u0161 apspieda D\u017eanberdi al Gazali sacel\u0161anos Levant\u0113, Ahmeda Pa\u0161as sacel\u0161anos \u0112\u0123ipt\u0113 un Kalandara D\u017ealabi sacel\u0161anos Konjas un Mara\u0161as re\u0123ionos, kur\u0161 bija \u0161i\u012bts un pulc\u0113ja ap sevi aptuveni tr\u012bsdesmit t\u016bksto\u0161us sekot\u0101ju, lai saceltos pret valsti.

kaujas lauki
Suleimana vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 Osma\u0146u imp\u0113rija iesaist\u012bj\u0101s daudzos kaujas laukos, lai papla\u0161in\u0101tu savu ietekmi, tostarp Eirop\u0101, \u0100zij\u0101 un \u0100frik\u0101. Vi\u0146\u0161 ie\u0146\u0113ma Belgradu 1521. gad\u0101 un aplenca V\u012bni 1529. gad\u0101, ta\u010du vi\u0146am neizdev\u0101s to iekarot. Vi\u0146\u0161 m\u0113\u0123in\u0101ja v\u0113lreiz, un t\u0101s liktenis nebija lab\u0101ks par pirmo. Vi\u0146\u0161 pievienoja savai valstij da\u013cas Ung\u0101rijas, tostarp t\u0101s galvaspils\u0113tu Budape\u0161tu, un padar\u012bja to par Osma\u0146u provinci.
\u0100zij\u0101 sult\u0101ns Suleimans uzs\u0101ka tr\u012bs lielas kampa\u0146as pret Safav\u012bdu imp\u0113riju, s\u0101kot ar 1534.\u00a0gadu p\u0113c Kristus. Pirmaj\u0101 kampa\u0146\u0101 Ir\u0101ka tika veiksm\u012bgi pievienota Osma\u0146u imp\u0113rijai. Otr\u0101s kampa\u0146as laik\u0101 1548.\u00a0gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus Tabriza un Vanas un Erivanas cietok\u0161\u0146i tika pievienoti valsts \u012bpa\u0161umiem. Tre\u0161\u0101 kampa\u0146a 1555.\u00a0gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus piespieda \u0160ahu Tahmaspu nosl\u0113gt mieru un atdeva Erivanu, Tabrizu un Anatolijas austrumus osma\u0146iem.
Vi\u0146a vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 osma\u0146i sask\u0101r\u0101s ar\u012b ar portug\u0101\u013cu ietekmi Indijas oke\u0101n\u0101 un Ar\u0101bijas l\u012bc\u012b. Jemenas gubernators Uvaiss Pa\u0161a 953. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus \/ 1546. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus ie\u0146\u0113ma Taizas pili. Vi\u0146a vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 Om\u0101na, Ahsa, Katara un j\u016bra non\u0101ca Osma\u0146u kalif\u0101ta ietekm\u0113. \u0160\u012b politika ierobe\u017eoja portug\u0101\u013cu ietekmi Tuvo Austrumu \u016bde\u0146os.
\u0100frik\u0101 Osma\u0146u kalif\u0101ta ietekm\u0113 non\u0101ca L\u012bbija, liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca Tunisijas, Eritrejas, D\u017eibutijas un Som\u0101lijas.

Osma\u0146u flotes att\u012bst\u012bba
Osma\u0146u flote kop\u0161 sult\u0101na Bajezida II laikiem bija iev\u0113rojami augusi un bija atbild\u012bga par imp\u0113rijas pierobe\u017eas j\u016bru aizsardz\u012bbu. Suleimana vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 flotes sp\u0113ks pieauga l\u012bdz nepieredz\u0113tam l\u012bmenim, kad pie varas n\u0101ca Haired\u012bns Barbarossa, kur\u0161 komand\u0113ja sp\u0113c\u012bgu floti, kas uzbruka Sp\u0101nijas piekrastei un krustne\u0161u ku\u0123iem Vidusj\u016br\u0101. P\u0113c pievieno\u0161an\u0101s imp\u0113rijai sult\u0101ns vi\u0146am pie\u0161\u0137\u012bra "Kapudana" titulu.
Pateicoties sult\u0101na Suleimana I Liel\u0101 pal\u012bdz\u012bbai, Khair ad-Din uzbruka Sp\u0101nijas piekrastei un izgl\u0101ba t\u016bksto\u0161iem musulma\u0146u Sp\u0101nij\u0101. 935. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus \/ 1529. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus vi\u0146\u0161 veica septi\u0146us reisus uz Sp\u0101nijas krastiem, lai izvestu septi\u0146desmit t\u016bksto\u0161us musulma\u0146u no Sp\u0101nijas vald\u012bbas var\u0101m.
Sult\u0101ns uztic\u0113ja Khair ad-Din vad\u012bt j\u016bras kara kampa\u0146as Vidusj\u016bras rietumos. Sp\u0101nija cent\u0101s izn\u012bcin\u0101t vi\u0146a floti, ta\u010du katru reizi cieta neveiksmi un cieta smagus zaud\u0113jumus. Iesp\u0113jams, ka vissmag\u0101k\u0101 sak\u0101ve bija Prevezas kauja 945. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus \/ 1538. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus.
Haira ad-Dina flote pievienoj\u0101s Francijas flotei kar\u0101 ar H\u0101bsburgiem un pal\u012bdz\u0113ja fran\u010diem atg\u016bt Nicas pils\u0113tu 950. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus\/1543. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus. Tas noveda pie t\u0101, ka Francija labpr\u0101t\u012bgi atdeva Francijas ostu Tulonu Osma\u0146u administr\u0101cijai, p\u0101rveidojot Francijas milit\u0101ro ostu par isl\u0101ma milit\u0101ro b\u0101zi Osma\u0146u imp\u0113rijai Vidusj\u016bras rietumos.
Osma\u0146u flotes darb\u012bbas joma papla\u0161in\u0101j\u0101s, iek\u013caujot Sarkano j\u016bru, kur osma\u0146i ie\u0146\u0113ma Suakinu un Masavu, padzina portug\u0101\u013cus no Sarkan\u0101s j\u016bras un sagr\u0101ba Etiopijas piekrasti, kas noveda pie tirdzniec\u012bbas atdzim\u0161anas starp \u0100ziju un Rietumiem caur isl\u0101ma zem\u0113m.

Civiliz\u0101cijas att\u012bst\u012bba
Sult\u0101ns Suleimans Lielais bija dzejnieks ar izsmalcin\u0101tu m\u0101ksliniecisko gaumi, prasm\u012bgs kaligr\u0101fs un br\u012bvi p\u0101rvald\u012bja vair\u0101kas austrumu valodas, tostarp ar\u0101bu valodu. Vi\u0146am bija acs uz d\u0101rgakme\u0146iem, un vi\u0146u fascin\u0113ja b\u016bvniec\u012bba un b\u016bv\u0113m, kuru ietekme bija redzama vi\u0146a imp\u0113rij\u0101. Vi\u0146\u0161 d\u0101sni t\u0113r\u0113ja l\u012bdzek\u013cus v\u0113rien\u012bg\u0101m b\u016bv\u0113m, ce\u013cot cietok\u0161\u0146us un nocietin\u0101jumus Rod\u0101, Belgrad\u0101 un Bud\u0101. Vi\u0146\u0161 ar\u012b b\u016bv\u0113ja mo\u0161ejas, \u016bdenskr\u0101tuves un tiltus vis\u0101 imp\u0113rij\u0101, \u012bpa\u0161i Damask\u0101, Mek\u0101 un Bagd\u0101d\u0113. Vi\u0146\u0161 ar\u012b c\u0113la arhitekt\u016bras \u0161edevrus sav\u0101 galvaspils\u0113t\u0101. P\u0113tnieks D\u017eamals al-Dins Falehs al-Kilani apgalvo, ka Suleimana Liel\u0101 laikmets tiek uzskat\u012bts par Osma\u0146u imp\u0113rijas zelta laikmetu, jo t\u0101 bija vissp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 valsts pasaul\u0113 un kontrol\u0113ja Vidusj\u016bru.
Vi\u0146a \u0113r\u0101 par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s slaven\u0101kie isl\u0101ma v\u0113stures arhitekti, piem\u0113ram, arhitekts Sinans Agha, kur\u0161 piedal\u012bj\u0101s Osma\u0146u karag\u0101jienos un iepazin\u0101s ar daudziem arhitekt\u016bras stiliem, l\u012bdz att\u012bst\u012bja savu. Suleimana mo\u0161eja jeb Suleimana mo\u0161eja Stambul\u0101, ko vi\u0146\u0161 uzc\u0113la sult\u0101nam Suleimanam 964. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus \/ 1557. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus, tiek uzskat\u012bta par vienu no slaven\u0101kajiem arhitekt\u016bras darbiem isl\u0101ma v\u0113stur\u0113.
Vi\u0146a vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 Osma\u0146u miniat\u016bru m\u0101ksla sasniedza savu virsotni. Arifi spilgt\u0101s miniat\u016br\u0101s dokument\u0113ja politiskos un soci\u0101los notikumus, kas risin\u0101j\u0101s Suleimana I vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101. \u0160aj\u0101 laikmet\u0101 izc\u0113l\u0101s vair\u0101ki izcili kaligr\u0101fi, no kuriem iev\u0113rojam\u0101kais ir Hasans Efendi \u010celebi Karahisari, kur\u0161 rakst\u012bja kaligr\u0101fiju Suleimana mo\u0161ejai, un vi\u0146a skolot\u0101js Ahmeds bin Karahisari. Vi\u0146\u0161 sav\u0101 rokrakst\u0101 uzrakst\u012bja Kor\u0101na kopiju, kas tiek uzskat\u012bta par ar\u0101bu kaligr\u0101fijas un t\u0113lot\u0101jm\u0101kslas \u0161edevru. T\u0101 tiek glab\u0101ta Topkapi muzej\u0101.
Sult\u0101na Suleimana vald\u012b\u0161anas laik\u0101 par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s vair\u0101ki zin\u0101tnieki, no kuriem iev\u0113rojam\u0101kais bija Abu al-Su'ud Effendi, interpret\u0101cijas, kas paz\u012bstama k\u0101 "Vesel\u0101 pr\u0101ta vad\u012bba Sv\u0113t\u0101s Gr\u0101matas nopelniem", autors.

Likums un administr\u0101cija
Sult\u0101ns Suleimans Lielais ir visvair\u0101k paz\u012bstams ar saviem likumiem, kas regul\u0113ja dz\u012bvi vi\u0146a pla\u0161aj\u0101 imp\u0113rij\u0101, un ar ko vi\u0146\u0161 ir saist\u012bts ar\u012b ar savu v\u0101rdu. \u0160os likumus vi\u0146\u0161 izstr\u0101d\u0101ja kop\u0101 ar \u0161eihu al-Islamu Abu al-Suudu Efendi, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 vi\u0146a imp\u0113rijas re\u0123ionu unik\u0101los apst\u0101k\u013cus un nodro\u0161inot, ka tie atbilst isl\u0101ma likumiem un para\u017eu norm\u0101m. \u0160ie likumi, kas paz\u012bstami k\u0101 "Kanunname Sultan Suleiman" jeb Sult\u0101na Suleimana konstit\u016bcija, palika sp\u0113k\u0101 l\u012bdz tr\u012bspadsmit\u0101 gadsimta (19. gadsimtam p\u0113c Kristus) s\u0101kumam.
Tauta nesauca sult\u0101nu Suleimanu par Likumdev\u0113ju t\u0101p\u0113c, ka vi\u0146\u0161 noteica likumus, bet gan t\u0101p\u0113c, ka vi\u0146\u0161 tos taisn\u012bgi piem\u0113roja. T\u0101p\u0113c osma\u0146i uzskat\u012bja, ka tituli, ko Suleimanam vi\u0146a laik\u0101 pie\u0161\u0137\u012bra eiropie\u0161i, piem\u0113ram, "Lielais" un "Cien\u012bjamais", ir maznoz\u012bm\u012bgi vai ietekm\u012bgi, sal\u012bdzinot ar titulu "Likumdev\u0113js", kas simboliz\u0113 taisn\u012bgumu.
Kanuni laikmets nebija laikmets, kur\u0101 valsts sasniedza savu visliel\u0101ko apjomu, bet gan laikmets, kur\u0101 visliel\u0101k\u0101 valsts tika p\u0101rvald\u012bta ar vismodern\u0101ko administrat\u012bvo sist\u0113mu.

Vi\u0146a n\u0101ve
Sult\u0101ns Suleimans Lielais nekad nepameta d\u017eih\u0101du. V\u0113l\u0101k vi\u0146u moc\u012bja podagra, kuras d\u0113\u013c vi\u0146\u0161 nesp\u0113ja j\u0101t ar zirgu. Tom\u0113r vi\u0146\u0161 neatlaid\u012bgi cent\u0101s par\u0101d\u012bt savu sp\u0113ku ienaidniekiem. Suleimanam bija 74 gadi, tom\u0113r, kad vi\u0146\u0161 uzzin\u0101ja, ka H\u0101bsburgu karalis ir uzbrukis musulma\u0146u robe\u017eai, vi\u0146\u0161 nekav\u0113joties dev\u0101s d\u017eih\u0101d\u0101. Lai gan vi\u0146\u0161 cieta no smagas slim\u012bbas, vi\u0146\u0161 person\u012bgi vad\u012bja armiju, vadot milz\u012bgu armiju \u0160avval\u0101 973. gada AH (1566. gada 29. apr\u012bl\u012b). Vi\u0146\u0161 sasniedza Ung\u0101rijas pils\u0113tu Sigetv\u0101ru, vienu no liel\u0101kajiem kristie\u0161u cietok\u0161\u0146iem, piekrauts ar \u0161aujampulveri un lielgabaliem. Pirms do\u0161an\u0101s d\u017eih\u0101d\u0101 \u0101rsts ieteica vi\u0146am neiet \u0101r\u0101 podagras d\u0113\u013c. Sult\u0101na Suleimana atbilde, kas ir iem\u016b\u017ein\u0101ta v\u0113stur\u0113, bija: "Es grib\u0113tu mirt, c\u012bnoties All\u0101ha d\u0113\u013c."
Lai gods Dievam, \u0161is sult\u0101ns bija sasniedzis \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgu vecumu, puse pasaules bija vi\u0146a var\u0101, un zemes \u0137\u0113ni\u0146i bija vi\u0146a r\u012bc\u012bb\u0101. Vi\u0146\u0161 var\u0113ja baud\u012bt dz\u012bvi pil\u012bs, p\u0101rvietoties starp istab\u0101m un baud\u012bt priekus, tom\u0113r vi\u0146\u0161 uzst\u0101ja doties c\u012b\u0146\u0101 k\u0101 karot\u0101js Dieva v\u0101rd\u0101.
Vi\u0146\u0161 faktiski dev\u0101s c\u012b\u0146\u0101 savas armijas priek\u0161gal\u0101 un podagras saasin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s d\u0113\u013c nevar\u0113ja j\u0101t ar zirgu, t\u0101p\u0113c vi\u0146u veda ratos, l\u012bdz vi\u0146\u0161 sasniedza Sigetvaras pils\u0113tas m\u016brus, un s\u0101ka to aplenkt. Nepilnu divu ned\u0113\u013cu laik\u0101 vi\u0146\u0161 ie\u0146\u0113ma pils\u0113tas priek\u0161\u0113j\u0101s da\u013cas cietok\u0161\u0146us, s\u0101k\u0101s kaujas un c\u012b\u0146a saasin\u0101j\u0101s. T\u0101 bija vissare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101k\u0101 kauja, ar ko musulma\u0146i sask\u0101r\u0101s m\u016bru iztur\u012bbas un kristie\u0161u ne\u017e\u0113l\u012bbas d\u0113\u013c, aizst\u0101vot savu cietoksni.
C\u012b\u0146as un aplenkums turpin\u0101j\u0101s apm\u0113ram piecus pilnus m\u0113ne\u0161us, un iekaro\u0161anas jaut\u0101jums k\u013cuva tikai sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101ks, un musulma\u0146u raizes pieauga iekaro\u0161anas gr\u016bt\u012bbu d\u0113\u013c. \u0160eit sult\u0101na slim\u012bba saasin\u0101j\u0101s, un vi\u0146\u0161 juta, ka tuvojas vi\u0146a gals, t\u0101p\u0113c vi\u0146\u0161 s\u0101ka l\u016bgt Visvareno Dievu, un starp vi\u0146a teiktajiem v\u0101rdiem bija: "Ak, pasaules Kungs, pie\u0161\u0137ir uzvaru saviem musulma\u0146u kalpiem un atbalsti vi\u0146us, un aizdedzini netic\u012bgos."
T\u0101 nu Dievs atbild\u0113ja uz sult\u0101na Suleimana l\u016bg\u0161anu, un viens no musulma\u0146u lielgabaliem tr\u0101p\u012bja cietok\u0161\u0146a \u0161aujampulvera noliktavai, izraisot \u0161ausmino\u0161u spr\u0101dzienu, kas izpost\u012bja lielu cietok\u0161\u0146a da\u013cu un pac\u0113la to debes\u012bs. Musulma\u0146i uzbruka cietoksnim, tas tika iekarots, un cietok\u0161\u0146a augst\u0101kaj\u0101 viet\u0101 tika pacelts Suleim\u0101na karogs.
Kad zi\u0146as par iekaro\u0161anu sasniedza sult\u0101nu, vi\u0146\u0161 bija neizsak\u0101mi priec\u012bgs un pateic\u0101s Dievam par \u0161o lielo sv\u0113t\u012bbu. Vi\u0146\u0161 teica: "Tagad n\u0101ve ir pat\u012bkama. Apsveicu \u0161o laim\u012bgo cilv\u0113ku ar \u0161o m\u016b\u017e\u012bgo laimi. Sv\u0113t\u012bga ir \u0161\u012b apmierin\u0101t\u0101 un apmierin\u0101t\u0101 dv\u0113sele, viena no tiem, ar kuriem Dievs ir apmierin\u0101ts un kuri ir apmierin\u0101ti ar Vi\u0146u." Vi\u0146a dv\u0113sele aizg\u0101ja pie sava Rad\u012bt\u0101ja, uz m\u016b\u017e\u012bgo parad\u012bzi, ja Dievs to v\u0113l\u0113sies, 20. Saf\u0101ra m\u0113nes\u012b, 974. gad\u0101 p\u0113c Kristus \/ 1566. gada 5. septembr\u012b p\u0113c Kristus.
Ministrs Mehmeds Pa\u0161a sl\u0113pa zi\u0146as par sult\u0101na n\u0101vi, l\u012bdz izsauca savu mantinieku, sult\u0101nu Selimu II. Vi\u0146\u0161 ierad\u0101s un p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma sultan\u0101ta vad\u012bbu Siktvar\u0101, p\u0113c tam ierad\u0101s Stambul\u0101, nesot sava mocek\u013ca t\u0113va mirst\u012bg\u0101s atliekas. T\u0101 bija neaizmirstama diena, k\u0101da bija pieredz\u0113ta tikai sult\u0101na Mehmeda Iekarot\u0101ja n\u0101ves laik\u0101. Musulma\u0146i, uzzinot zi\u0146as par sult\u0101na Suleimana n\u0101vi, bija dzi\u013ci noskumu\u0161i. Kas attiecas uz Eiropas pusi, kristie\u0161i nekad p\u0113c Bajezida I un Mehmeda Iekarot\u0101ja nebija priec\u0101ju\u0161ies par neviena cilv\u0113ka n\u0101vi t\u0101, k\u0101 vi\u0146i priec\u0101j\u0101s par sult\u0101na Suleimana, karot\u0101ja, kur\u0161 c\u012bn\u012bj\u0101s All\u0101ha v\u0101rd\u0101, n\u0101vi. Vi\u0146i padar\u012bja vi\u0146a n\u0101ves dienu par sv\u0113tku dienu, un bazn\u012bcu zvani zvan\u012bja priek\u0101 par tautas d\u017eih\u0101da atjaunot\u0101ja n\u0101vi desmitaj\u0101 gadsimt\u0101, lai All\u0101hs ap\u017e\u0113lojas par vi\u0146u.

No majora Tamera Badra gr\u0101matas "Neaizmirstamie l\u012bderi"\u00a0<\/span><\/h1>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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