{"id":21865,"date":"2025-03-27T10:56:44","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T10:56:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/?p=21865"},"modified":"2025-04-20T09:51:52","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T09:51:52","slug":"gfhgfsd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/km\/archives\/21865","title":{"rendered":"Al-Nasir Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 2 \u1781\u17c2\u1780\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u17c8 \u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 2014<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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Al-Nasir Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi

\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785 Al-Nasir Abu Al-Muzaffar Yusuf bin Ayyub bin Shadhi bin Marwan \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1794\u1793\u17b7\u1780\u1793\u17c3\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u179c\u1784\u17d2\u179f Ayyubid \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Levant \u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1787\u17b7\u17c7\u179f\u17c1\u17c7\u178a\u17cf\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17bc \u179c\u17b8\u179a\u1787\u1793\u178a\u17cf\u17a2\u1784\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u1785 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17b9\u1780\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u178a\u17cf\u179b\u17d2\u17a2\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u17d4 \u179f\u17b8\u179b\u1792\u1798\u17cc\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17c4\u1798\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785 \u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1797\u17d0\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b7 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1782\u17c6\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u17bb\u1782\u17d2\u1782\u179b\u17b7\u1780\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u178a\u17cf\u1792\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u1793\u17b6\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1798\u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u179c\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f Saladin Al-Ayyubi \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u179a\u17c6\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u179c\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f\u1793\u17c3\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7 Hattin \u17d4
\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17b7\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17b9\u1798\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4
Saladin \u1780\u17be\u178f\u1793\u17c5 Tikrit \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 532 AH \/ 1138 AD \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u1783\u17ba\u178a\u17d4 \u17aa\u1796\u17bb\u1780\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u1797\u17b7\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Tikrit Citadel \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1793\u17b6\u1798 Behrouz \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1796\u17bc\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba Asad ad-Din Shirkuh \u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17c1\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17cf\u17a2\u179f\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179a\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1787\u17bd\u179a\u1780\u1784\u1791\u17d0\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Nur ad-Din Zengid \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Mosul \u17d4 \u1785\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1780\u178e\u17b6\u179f\u17cb \u1780\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u178f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin Yusuf ibn Najm ad-Din Ayyub ibn Shadhi \u179f\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u17aa\u1796\u17bb\u1780\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1781\u17c6\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Tikrit \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u17aa\u1796\u17bb\u1780\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178e\u17cd\u1790\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1784\u17d4 \u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1790\u17b6 "\u178f\u17be\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785\u1790\u17b6\u1791\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u1791\u17be\u1794\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785\u178a\u17cf\u17a2\u179f\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179a\u17d2\u1799\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179b\u17d2\u1794\u17b6\u1789?!"
Najm al-Din Ayyub \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1780\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1796\u17b8 Tikrit \u1791\u17c5 Mosul \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799 Imad al-Din Zengi \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u1780\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1799\u179f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 \u1780\u17bb\u1798\u17b6\u179a\u1788\u17d2\u1798\u17c4\u17c7 Saladin \u1792\u17c6\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u17c6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u1794\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17bb\u1797\u1798\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u179b \u1787\u17b6\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b7\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17b9\u1798\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u17b6\u1785\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u1799\u179f \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17c6\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17a0\u17b6\u1793 \u17a0\u17d2\u179c\u17b9\u1780\u17a0\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u17a2\u17b6\u179c\u17bb\u1792 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1792\u17c6\u1792\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u179b\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1787\u17b8\u17a0\u17b6\u178f\u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u1782\u17bc\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1793 \u1791\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17c1\u1789\u1785\u17b6\u17c6\u1793\u17bc\u179c hadith \u178a\u17cf\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17c3\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17bc \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179a\u17c0\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b8\u1797\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17d4
Salah al-Din \u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u1798\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u1793\u17c5\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794
\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u1780\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Fatimid Caliphate \u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 \u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1788\u17d2\u1798\u17c4\u179b\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c7\u1794\u17c4\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c3\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u1793\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u17d7\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6 \u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8 Mamluks \u1791\u17bd\u179a\u1782\u17b8 \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u178a\u1784\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u179a\u17c9\u17bb\u1780\u17d4 \u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17c1\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1785\u179b\u17b6\u1785\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u1798\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1796\u17bc\u1787\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Fatimid caliphs \u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793\u1792\u17c6\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b8 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179c\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u1798\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17d4 \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u200b\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u200b\u1785\u1784\u17cb\u200b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17c1\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a Nur ad-Din Mahmud \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1781\u17d2\u179c\u17c2\u1784\u1782\u17c6\u1793\u17b7\u178f\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1790\u17b6 \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785 Crusader \u1793\u17c3 Jerusalem \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179b\u17c4\u1797\u179b\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 Nur ad-Din Mahmud \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17bc\u1793\u1780\u1784\u1791\u17d0\u1796\u1796\u17b8 Damascus \u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Asad ad-Din Shirkuh \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17bd\u1799\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u179f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb Saladin \u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17bd\u1780 Crusaders \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u1780\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Asad ad-Din Shirkuh \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u17a0\u17be\u1799 Asad ad-Din \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u1784\u178f\u17c6\u178e\u17c2\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u1798\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17d4
\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1783\u17bb\u1794\u1783\u17b7\u178f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1789\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17a2\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u178e\u17cd\u179b\u17be\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u17af\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1798\u17a0\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1786\u178f\u17b6 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1799\u1780\u1788\u17d2\u1793\u17c7\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1 \u1781\u178e\u17c8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1799\u1780\u1788\u17d2\u1793\u17c7\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c7\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17c4\u179a\u1796\u17b8\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u17d4 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179b\u17c1\u1785\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17c3 Batiniyya \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179f\u17b6\u179b\u17b6\u1792\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1782\u17ba \u179f\u17b6\u179b\u17b6 Nasiriyya \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17b6\u179b\u17b6 Kamiliyya \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u1794\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1791\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u179b\u17b6 Sunni \u1793\u17c3\u1782\u17c6\u1793\u17b7\u178f \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u179c\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17d2\u178f\u17bc\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1785\u1784\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793 \u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17c4\u1799\u1791\u17b8\u179c\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Fatimid Caliph Al-Adid \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 566 AH \/ 1171 AD Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d2\u1789\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u17b6\u179f Al-Mustadi Al-Abbassi Caliph \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u179f\u17bb\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1790\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u179f\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u179a\u1780\u1790\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1793\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179c\u17c1\u1791\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u17d4 \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 Fatimid Caliphate \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u1794\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178f\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Nur al-Din \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb Abbasid Caliphate \u17d4 \u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u179b\u1794\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c3 Caliphate \u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1798\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f \u17a0\u17be\u1799 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u179a\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179c\u17b6\u17a1\u17be\u1799\u17d4
\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b
Nur ad-Din Mahmud \u1793\u17c5\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u17a1\u17be\u1799 \u17a0\u17be\u1799 Saladin \u1797\u17d0\u1799\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1785\u1790\u17b6 Nur ad-Din \u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17b7\u178f\u179a\u1780\u1780\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u179f\u17c1\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u178a\u17c6\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17bc\u1793\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793\u1791\u17c5\u179f\u17ca\u17be\u1794\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17c1\u178f\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1793\u17c5 Nubia, Yemen \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Barqa \u17d4
Nur ad-Din Mahmud \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 Shawwal 569 AH \/ 1174 AD \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b6\u1793\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u178a\u17c4\u17c7\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb Saladin \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u1794\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1793\u17b7\u1784 Levant \u17d4 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1791\u17c5 Levant \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Nur ad-Din \u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17be\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u1794\u17bd\u1793\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Damascus \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17c4\u1782\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c7\u1794\u17c4\u179a\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17bb\u17c7\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 Levant \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u1798\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17c6\u178e\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1785\u1784\u17cb\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1799\u1780\u1793\u1782\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Nur ad-Din \u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17b8\u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 \u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u1790\u17b7\u179a\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1797\u17b7\u1794\u17b6\u179b \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Damascus \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Homs \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Aleppo\u17d4 \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1799\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785\u179f\u17ca\u17bb\u179b\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1793\u17b7\u1784 Levant \u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u1794\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u17c2\u1791\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17c3\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 \u1787\u17b6\u1796\u17b7\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1782\u17c2\u179a \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u17a1\u17b7\u1785\u179f\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u178c\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u17d4 \u17a2\u17b6\u1787\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u1792\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u1791\u17bc\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179b\u17b6\u178f\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8 Nubia \u1793\u17c5\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u1794\u17bc\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Cyrenaica \u1793\u17c5\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17b7\u1785\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17b9\u1780\u178a\u17b8\u1793\u17c3\u1787\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7 Armenians \u1793\u17c5\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1787\u17be\u1784 \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Jazira \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Mosul \u1793\u17c5\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17be\u178f\u17d4
Saladin \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Jihad
Saladin \u179f\u17bc\u1798\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1798\u17c1\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u179f\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1796\u17c4\u179a\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u1787\u17b8\u17a0\u17b6\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1784\u1794\u17cb\u1784\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179c\u17b6\u17d4 \u179c\u17b6\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 \u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1798 \u17a2\u17b6\u179b\u17cb-\u178a\u17b6\u17a0\u17b6\u1794\u17ca\u17b8 \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 \u17a2\u17b6\u179b\u17cb-\u179f\u17ca\u17ba\u179a\u1790\u17b6 \u201c\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u1784\u17cb\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17bc\u179b\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u1787\u17b8\u17a0\u17b6\u178a \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1797\u17c1\u1791\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u17ae\u1796\u17b8\u1793\u179a\u178e\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17b7\u1797\u1796\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u201d\u17d4
\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u1793\u17c1\u17c7 \u179f\u17bc\u1798\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1798\u17c1\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u179f\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782 \u179b\u17c7\u1794\u1784\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u179f\u17b6\u179a \u1780\u17bc\u1793\u1785\u17c5 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1787\u17b6\u178f\u17b7\u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u200b\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u17c4\u179a\u200b\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u200b\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u200b\u178f\u17c2\u200b\u1796\u17b8\u200b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u200b\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u200b\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u200b\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u200b\u1796\u17b8\u200b\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f\u200b\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u200b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u200b\u17d4 \u1785\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1798 Baha' al-Din \u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6 "\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1785\u1784\u17cb\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1787\u17b8\u17a0\u17b6\u178f\u17d4 \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1793\u1794\u17be\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1794\u1790\u1790\u17b6\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1780\u17cb dinar \u17ac dirham \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1796\u17b8 Jihad \u179b\u17be\u1780\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u178f\u17c2 jihad \u17ac\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u1782\u1784\u17cb \u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u1799\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u1790\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b7\u178f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b6\u1794\u17b6\u1793"\u17d4
\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u17bc\u1794\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u179b\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u179a\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f\u1782\u17ba\u179f\u1798\u17b6\u1798\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c5\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1780\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u179b\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 \u179c\u17b6\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17b7\u1793\u1794\u17be Ibn al-Qayyim \u179f\u17bc\u1798\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a0\u17ab\u1791\u17d0\u1799\u17a2\u17b6\u178e\u17b7\u178f\u17a2\u17b6\u179f\u17bc\u179a\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17b7\u1796\u178e\u17cc\u1793\u17b6\u17a2\u17c6\u1796\u17b8 Salah al-Din \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6 "\u179f\u17bb\u1797\u1798\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17c1\u1785\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179f\u17bb\u1781\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u1799 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17c6\u178e\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1797\u17d0\u1799\u179a\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u178f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u179b\u17c6\u1794\u17b6\u1780\u17d4 \u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u179b\u17cb \u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179f\u17bb\u1781 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17c1\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17b8\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u1799\u17d4 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17d4
\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u17a0\u17be\u1799 \u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin \u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u17d4 \u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u17cb\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1791\u17c5\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u17d4 \u1787\u17b8\u179c\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Ibn al-Athir \u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u17c0\u179c\u1797\u17c5\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb "Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh" \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1799\u1780\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1787\u17b6\u1784 220 \u1791\u17c6\u1796\u17d0\u179a \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17c4\u179a\u1796\u17c1\u1789\u1791\u17c5\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u17d4 \u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7 Hattin \u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17c4\u1798\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u179a\u179f\u17c1\u179a\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17ca\u17b7\u1785\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1791\u17c6\u1796\u17d0\u179a\u1798\u17b6\u179f \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179c\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u179a\u17b9\u1780\u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1785\u17b7\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17be\u1798\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179f\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b8\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u17a2\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u1793\u17d0\u1799\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u179f\u17ca\u17bc \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179b\u17c7\u1794\u1784\u17cb\u17d4
\u179f\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785
\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b Saladin \u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u1784\u17d2\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u17a5\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17b7\u1796\u179b\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784 Levant \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u178f\u17c2\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798 Crusaders \u178f\u17c2\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u17af\u1784 \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u1799\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1788\u1798\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u178a\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1794\u17b8\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u179a\u17bf\u1799\u17d7\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1787\u17c0\u179f\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u179a\u17bd\u1785\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u17d4 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u200b\u1787\u17b6\u200b\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u200b\u178e\u17b6 \u1793\u17c5\u200b\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u200b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u200b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1788\u1798\u200b\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u200b\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u200b\u1780\u17be\u178f\u200b\u17a1\u17be\u1784 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u200b\u178f\u17c2\u1784\u200b\u178f\u17c2\u200b\u1791\u1791\u17bd\u179b\u200b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u200b\u1787\u1798\u17d2\u1793\u17c7\u17d4 \u1780\u179a\u178e\u17b8\u179b\u17be\u1780\u179b\u17c2\u1784\u1782\u17ba\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u1798\u17c9\u17bb\u1784\u17a0\u17d2\u1782\u17b8\u179f\u178a\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 573 AH \/ \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 25 \u1781\u17c2\u179c\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1786\u17b7\u1780\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1177 \u1793\u17c3\u1782\u17d4 \u1796\u17bd\u1780 Crusaders \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u200b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u178f\u179f\u17ca\u17bc\u200b\u1791\u17c1 \u17a0\u17be\u1799 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u200b\u1780\u17c6\u17a0\u17bb\u179f\u200b\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u200b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u200b\u1791\u17d0\u1796\u200b\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u200b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u200b\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u200b\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u1799 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u200b\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u200b\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u200b\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u200b\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u200b\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1791\u17c1\u1785\u17d4 \u1780\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Baldwin VI, King of Jerusalem, Raynald, \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Knights Templar \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17b6\u179a \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u179b\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1789\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u179b\u17bb\u1780\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b Frankish \u1796\u17b8\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17b7\u1785\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1799\u1780\u1788\u17d2\u1793\u17c7 Baldwin \u1793\u17c5\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7 Marj Ayun \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 575 AH \/ 1179 AD \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1798\u17d2\u178f\u1784\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1793\u17c5 \u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u1788\u17bc\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u179a Jacob \u17d4 \u1794\u1791\u200b\u1788\u1794\u17cb\u200b\u1794\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u200b\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u200b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u200b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1780\u17be\u178f\u200b\u17a1\u17be\u1784\u200b\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u200b\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u200b\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u200b\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u200b\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1793\u200b\u1793\u17c5\u200b\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u200b\u17e5\u17e7\u17e6 \u17a2\u17c1.\u17a2.\u17a2.\/\u17e1\u17e1\u17e8\u17e0 \u1782.\u179f.\u17d4
\u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u1786\u17d2\u1798\u1780\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Crusader \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1789\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u17b1\u17d2\u1799 Saladin \u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u17d4 Raynald \u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u17b8\u1796\u17b6\u178e\u17b7\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1798 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1799\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u1784\u1793\u17b6\u179c\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u179f\u1798\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u1798\u17d4 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u1784\u17cb\u1780\u1784\u1793\u17b6\u179c\u17b6\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793 30 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bf\u1784\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Beirut \u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 577 AH \/ 1182 AD \u17d4 \u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 Raynald \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17c6\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17b6\u179a Mecca \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Medina \u17d4 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17a1\u17c4\u1798\u1796\u17d0\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1799 Karak \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1799\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Raynald \u1796\u17b8\u179a\u178a\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1183 \u1793\u17b7\u1784 1184 \u1793\u17c3\u1782.\u179f\u17d4 Raynald \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1786\u17d2\u179b\u17be\u1799\u178f\u1794\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1798\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1799\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1798\u17bc\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u1798\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 581 AH \/ 1185 AD \u17d4
\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1799\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798
\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 583 AH \/ 1187 \u1793\u17c3\u1782.\u179f. \u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1799\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17be\u1793\u1793\u17c3\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u178e\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u178a\u17c3\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1793\u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u1780\u1784\u1791\u17d0\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1780\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784 Crusader \u1793\u17c5\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7 Hattin \u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be Rabi' al-Akhir 24, 583 AH \/ \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 4 \u1781\u17c2\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u1780\u178a\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1187 \u1793\u17c3\u1782\u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6 \u1780\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u179f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785 al-Adil \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u1791\u17be\u179a\u178f\u17c2\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1797\u17b6\u1782\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u178f\u17d2\u1794\u17bc\u1784\u1793\u17c3\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Tripoli: Acre, Beirut, Sidon, Jaffa, Caesarea \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Ashkelon \u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u17d0\u1799\u1791\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u1784\u1793\u17c3\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u178e\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17a1\u17b6\u1791\u17b8\u1793\u1793\u17c3\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u17a2\u17ba\u179a\u17c9\u17bb\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u1785\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17b6\u179b\u1791\u17b8\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1793\u17c3\u1781\u17c2\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1187 \u1793\u17c3\u1782.\u179f \u1780\u1784\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17a1\u17c4\u1798\u1796\u17d0\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u17d4 \u1799\u17c4\u1792\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7\u178f\u17bc\u1785\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179c\u17b6\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1796\u17b6\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1786\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b6\u1792\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1794\u17bb\u179a\u179f 60,000 \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u179c\u17b6\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1785\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5 Rajab 27, 583 AH \/ \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 12 \u1781\u17c2\u178f\u17bb\u179b\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1187 \u1793\u17c3\u1782.\u179f. \u1791\u17d2\u179c\u17b6\u179a\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17be\u1780\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1794\u178a\u17b6\u1796\u178e\u17cc\u179b\u17bf\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179f\u17ca\u17bb\u179b\u178f\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1793\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17be\u1780\u1796\u17b8\u179b\u17be\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u17d4
\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u1793\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17b7\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u179b \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17bc\u178f\u1794\u17bc\u178f\u1787\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1788\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Crusader \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1794\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u179f\u178f\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u179f\u1798\u17bb\u1793\u17d4 \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u200b\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u17a7\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u17a0\u17c1\u178f\u17bb\u200b\u1793\u17c3\u200b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u179b\u17bd\u1785 \u17ac\u200b\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b7\u1785\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1789\u200b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179c\u17b7\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u200b\u1791\u17c1\u17d4 \u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17bd\u179b\u179a\u179b\u17c6\u1793\u17c3\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u178e\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b7\u1798\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u179a\u17c9\u17bc\u1798\u1785\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1785\u17c6\u179f\u1798\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u179b\u17be\u1780\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17b8\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1799\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u1798\u1780\u179c\u17b7\u1789 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u179c\u17b6\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u17d4
Richard the Lionheart \u1793\u17b7\u1784 \u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17b8
\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1799\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17c6\u179a\u17bb\u1789\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17b8 \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u179b\u17cb\u17a0\u17b7\u179a\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u1794\u17d2\u1794\u1791\u17b6\u1793\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u1784\u17cb\u1782\u17d2\u179b\u17c1\u179f \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17c7\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u1794\u17b6\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u1796\u17b7\u179f\u17c1\u179f\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17c1\u179f\u17d2\u1782\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u179b\u17b7\u1785\u1790\u17b6\u1787\u17b6\u1796\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b6\u178c\u17b8\u1793\u17d4 \u1799\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1793\u17c1\u17c7\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1780\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785\u17a2\u17ca\u17ba\u179a\u17c9\u17bb\u1794\u178a\u17cf\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a5\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17b7\u1796\u179b\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u1785\u17c6\u1793\u17bd\u1793\u1794\u17b8\u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1793\u17c4\u17c7: Richard the Lionheart, King of England; Philip Augustus \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785\u1794\u17b6\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1784; \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Frederick Barbarossa \u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17c1\u1785\u1793\u17c3\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17b6\u179b\u17d2\u179b\u17ba\u1798\u17c9\u1784\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u179a\u17c9\u17bc\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u178a\u17cf\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u179f\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u17d4 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1787\u17b6\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799 \u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u17a2\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u178a\u17c6\u178e\u17be\u179a \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c0\u178f\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a1\u17c4\u1798\u1796\u17d0\u1791\u17d2\u1792\u1793\u17c3 Acre \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 587 AH \/ 1191 AD \u17d4 \u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1791\u17c4\u179f\u1798\u17bc\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b8\u1798\u1794\u17b8\u1796\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb \u179a\u17bd\u1798\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b8 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17bb\u1798\u17b6\u179a \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u1787\u17b8\u179c\u17b7\u178f\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 7 \u1781\u17c2\u1780\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1191 \u1780\u1784\u1791\u17d0\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17c9\u17c7\u1791\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17b7\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1780\u1784\u1791\u17d0\u1796 Crusader \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178a\u17b9\u1780\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u178a\u17c4\u1799 Richard \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u1798\u179a\u1797\u17bc\u1798\u17b7 Arsuf \u178a\u17c2\u179b Saladin \u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17b6\u1789\u17cb\u17d4 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1799\u17c9\u17b6\u1784\u178e\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799 \u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1794\u17bc\u1787\u1793\u17b8\u1799\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1785\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179b\u17bb\u1780\u179b\u17bb\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1791\u17c1 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1793\u17c5\u178f\u17c2\u1793\u17c5\u179b\u17be\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u179a\u179f\u1798\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17d4 \u179a\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u1794\u17c9\u1784\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u178a\u178e\u17d2\u178f\u17be\u1798\u1799\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u17d0\u1799\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 587 AH \/ 1192 AD \u179b\u17c4\u1780 Richard \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u17a0\u178f\u17d2\u1790\u179b\u17c1\u1781\u17b6\u179b\u17be\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u1792\u17b7\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6 Ramla \u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799 Saladin \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c4\u1798\u1793\u17c4\u17c7\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u178a\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u17b6\u178e\u17b6\u1785\u1780\u17d2\u179a Crusader \u1793\u17c3 Jerusalem \u1791\u17c5\u1787\u17b6\u1785\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u178f\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17c1\u179a\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784 Jaffa \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Tyre \u17d4 \u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u200b\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u200b\u1780\u17cf\u200b\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u200b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1794\u17be\u1780\u200b\u17b2\u17d2\u1799\u200b\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u200b\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u200b\u1792\u1798\u17d2\u1798\u1799\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u200b\u178a\u17c2\u179a\u17d4 \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u178f\u1794\u179a\u17b7\u179f\u17d0\u1791\u17d4
\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u1784\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784 Saladin \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Richard \u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a7\u1791\u17b6\u17a0\u179a\u178e\u17cd\u1793\u17c3\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u1780\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17a0\u17b6\u1793 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1782\u17c4\u179a\u1796\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17c5\u179c\u17b7\u1789\u1791\u17c5\u1798\u1780 \u1791\u17c4\u17c7\u1794\u17b8\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17c2\u1784\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1781\u17b6\u1784\u1799\u17c4\u1792\u17b6\u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b Richard \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u1788\u17ba\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1793\u1780\u17d2\u178f\u17c5 Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17bc\u1793\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1791\u17c5\u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1796\u17c1\u1791\u17d2\u1799\u1795\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u179b\u17cb\u1781\u17d2\u179b\u17bd\u1793\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1780\u17cf\u178a\u17bc\u1785\u1787\u17b6\u1795\u17d2\u179b\u17c2\u1788\u17be\u179f\u17d2\u179a\u179f\u17cb \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1791\u17b9\u1780\u1780\u1780\u178a\u17be\u1798\u17d2\u1794\u17b8\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1797\u17c1\u179f\u1787\u17d2\u1787\u17c8\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b Richard \u1794\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u1784\u17cb\u179f\u17c1\u17c7\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17c5 Arsuf Saladin \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1787\u17bc\u1793\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u17d4
\u179c\u17b6\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17c1\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1790\u17b6 Saladin \u1793\u17b7\u1784 Richard \u1798\u17b7\u1793\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17bd\u1794\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1791\u17c1 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1791\u17c6\u1793\u1784\u179a\u179c\u17b6\u1784\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u179a\u179f\u17c1\u179a \u17ac\u178f\u17b6\u1798\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u17a2\u17d2\u1793\u1780\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u179f\u17b6\u179a\u17d4
\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179f\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17d4
Saladin \u1798\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u17b6\u1799\u17bb\u17a0\u17b6\u179f\u17b7\u1794\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u17c6\u1796\u17b8\u179a\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u1793\u17c5\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 589 AH \/ 1193 \u1793\u17c3\u1782.\u179f. \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a0\u178f\u17cb\u1793\u17bf\u1799 \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u17a2\u179f\u17cb\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1787\u17bd\u1794\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u17a2\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1788\u1798\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1787\u17b6\u1798\u17bd\u1799\u1796\u17bd\u1780 Crusaders \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u179f\u17bb\u1781\u1797\u17b6\u1796\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1781\u17d2\u179f\u17c4\u1799\u17d4 \u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u1799\u17c1\u179a\u17bc\u179f\u17b6\u17a1\u17b9\u1798\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1785\u17b6\u1780\u1785\u17c1\u1789\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb Richard the Lionheart \u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1784\u17b6\u1780\u1791\u17c5\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1785\u17c6\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u1794\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17c3\u178f\u17c6\u1794\u1793\u17cb\u1794\u17c9\u17b6\u17a1\u17c1\u179f\u17d2\u1791\u17b8\u1793 \u1794\u17c9\u17bb\u1793\u17d2\u178f\u17c2\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1784\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u1784\u17d2\u1781\u17c6\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17b1\u17d2\u1799\u178a\u17be\u179a\u179b\u17be\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u178a\u17b6\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u179f\u17d4 \u1791\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b9\u1798\u1793\u17b9\u1784\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 \u1794\u1789\u17d2\u17a0\u17b6\u179a\u178a\u17d2\u178b\u1794\u17b6\u179b \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u1797\u17b6\u179a\u1780\u17b7\u1785\u17d2\u1785\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1785\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17c6\u17a1\u17bb\u1784\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1794\u17bd\u1793\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u179b\u17c4\u1780\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17b6\u1799\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1799\u17bb\u1791\u17d2\u1792 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\u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 16 \u1793\u17c3 Safar 589 AH \/ \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 21 \u1781\u17c2\u1780\u17bb\u1798\u17d2\u1797\u17c8\u1786\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u17c6 1193 \u1793\u17c3\u1782\u17d4 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u200b\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1791\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17d2\u179a\u17b6\u1793\u200b\u1793\u17bc\u179c\u200b\u179a\u17c4\u1782\u200b\u179f\u1789\u17d2\u1789\u17b6\u200b\u1793\u17c3\u200b\u179a\u17c4\u1782\u200b\u178a\u17c4\u1799\u200b\u1780\u1798\u17d2\u179b\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u200b\u1785\u17b7\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u200b\u179f\u17d2\u1784\u1794\u17cb \u178a\u17c4\u1799\u200b\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u200b\u1790\u17b6\u200b\u1791\u17b8\u200b\u1794\u17c6\u1795\u17bb\u178f\u200b\u1787\u17b7\u178f\u200b\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u200b\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u17d4 \u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 24 \u1793\u17c3 Safar \/ \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 1 \u1781\u17c2\u1798\u17b8\u1793\u17b6\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179f\u1793\u17d2\u179b\u1794\u17cb\u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1796\u17b8\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17b9\u1780\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u179b\u17b9\u1798\u1793\u17c5\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1796\u17bb\u1792\u1791\u17b8 27 \u1793\u17c3 Safar \/ \u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3\u1791\u17b8 4 \u1781\u17c2\u1798\u17b8\u1793\u17b6\u1781\u178e\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u178a\u17c2\u179b Sheikh Abu Jaafar \u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u17ca\u17b8\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u1798\u1793\u17c3\u1790\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1780\u17cb\u1780\u17c6\u1796\u17bb\u1784\u179f\u17bc\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u179a Qur'an \u1793\u17c5\u1785\u17c6\u1796\u17c4\u17c7\u1798\u17bb\u1781\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u179a\u17a0\u17bc\u178f\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1788\u17b6\u1793\u178a\u179b\u17cb\u1781\u1782\u1798\u17d2\u1796\u17b8\u179a: {\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u179b\u17cb\u17a1\u17c4\u17c7\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17c5\u1796\u17b8\u1782\u17d2\u1798\u17b6\u1793\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u1791\u17c1\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u178a\u17b9\u1784\u1796\u17b8\u17a2\u17d2\u179c\u17b8\u178a\u17c2\u179b\u1798\u17be\u179b\u1798\u17b7\u1793\u1783\u17be\u1789\u1793\u17b7\u1784\u179f\u17b6\u1780\u17d2\u179f\u17b8\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17ae} Saladin \u1794\u17be\u1780\u1797\u17d2\u1793\u17c2\u1780\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1793\u17b7\u1799\u17b6\u1799\u1790\u17b6: "\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u1782\u17ba\u1787\u17b6\u17a2\u179b\u17cb\u17a1\u17c4\u17c7" \u17d4 \u1790\u17d2\u179c\u17b6\u1799\u200b\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1798\u17d2\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u200b\u1793\u17c5\u200b\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784\u200b\u178a\u17b6\u1798\u17c9\u17b6\u179f\u17d4 \u1785\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1798 al-Fadil \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1785\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u179c\u178f\u17d2\u178f\u17b7\u179c\u17b7\u1791\u17bc Ibn Shaddad \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1792\u17d2\u179c\u17be\u1780\u17b6\u179a\u179a\u17c0\u1794\u1785\u17c6\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1782\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u1782\u1784\u17d2\u179c\u17b6\u179b\u1793\u17c3\u1791\u17b8\u1780\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u1784 Damascus \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17b6\u1784\u179f\u17c6\u17a2\u17b6\u178f\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17b6\u1787\u1793\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1798\u17bc\u179b\u1795\u17d2\u178f\u17bb\u17c6\u1782\u17d2\u1793\u17b6\u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1791\u17b8\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1787\u17bb\u17c6\u1787\u1793 \u17a2\u1792\u17b7\u179f\u17d2\u178b\u17b6\u1793\u179b\u17be\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u17bc\u179c\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1782\u17c1\u1794\u1789\u17d2\u1785\u17bb\u17c7\u1793\u17c5\u1791\u17b8\u1793\u17c4\u17c7 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17bd\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u179a\u17b8\u1780\u179a\u17b6\u179b\u178a\u17b6\u179b\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1785\u17c6\u178e\u17c4\u1798\u1798\u1793\u17bb\u179f\u17d2\u179f\u1785\u17b6\u179f\u17cb\u1791\u17b6\u17c6\u1784\u1780\u17d2\u1798\u17c1\u1784\u17d4 \u1794\u1793\u17d2\u1791\u17b6\u1794\u17cb\u1798\u1780 \u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u179a\u17b6\u1787\u1794\u17bb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1796\u17d2\u179a\u17c7\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782 al-Afdal Ali \u1794\u17b6\u1793\u17a2\u1784\u17d2\u1782\u17bb\u1799\u1780\u17b6\u1793\u17cb\u1791\u17bb\u1780\u17d2\u1781\u179a\u1799\u17c8\u1796\u17c1\u179b\u1794\u17b8\u1790\u17d2\u1784\u17c3 \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1795\u17d2\u1789\u17be\u179f\u17c6\u1794\u17bb\u178f\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c5\u1794\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u179f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb al-Aziz Uthman \u1793\u17c5\u1780\u17d2\u1793\u17bb\u1784\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u1791\u17c1\u179f\u17a2\u17c1\u17a0\u17d2\u179f\u17ca\u17b8\u1794 \u1794\u17d2\u17a2\u17bc\u1793\u1794\u17d2\u179a\u17bb\u179f\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb al-Zahir Ghazi \u1793\u17c5 Aleppo \u1793\u17b7\u1784\u1796\u17bc\u179a\u1794\u179f\u17cb\u1782\u17b6\u178f\u17cb al-Adil \u1793\u17c5 al-Karak \u17a0\u17be\u1799\u1796\u17bd\u1780\u1782\u17c1\u1794\u17b6\u1793\u1785\u17bc\u179b\u179a\u17bd\u1798\u17d4 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