{"id":19583,"date":"2025-03-16T21:57:43","date_gmt":"2025-03-16T21:57:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/white-ant-267257.hostingersite.com\/?post_type=product&p=19583"},"modified":"2025-07-13T07:20:37","modified_gmt":"2025-07-13T07:20:37","slug":"the-book-of-islam-and-war","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/tamerbadr.com\/cs\/produkt\/the-book-of-islam-and-war","title":{"rendered":"Kniha Isl\u00e1m a v\u00e1lka"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00davod ke knize Isl\u00e1m a v\u00e1lka<\/strong><\/h1>\n

V\u00e1lka je univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kon a bo\u017esk\u00e9 na\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho se nevyhne \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u010das ani m\u00edsto. Pravda a le\u017e jsou v neust\u00e1l\u00e9m, odv\u011bk\u00e9m a prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm boji. V p\u0159edve\u010der \u00fasvitu isl\u00e1mu byly v\u00e1lky v p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v pln\u00e9m proudu. V\u00e1lka byla pro Araby skute\u010dn\u011b st\u00e1l\u00fdm zdrojem p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/h1>\n

P\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky vypukly jednodu\u0161e z touhy po drancov\u00e1n\u00ed a rabov\u00e1n\u00ed, poni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed ostatn\u00edch nebo z trivi\u00e1ln\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f. V\u00e1lka Basus, kter\u00e1 trvala desetilet\u00ed, vypukla kv\u016fli velbloudovi, kter\u00fd rozbil vejce, a v\u00e1lka Dahis a Ghabra, kter\u00e1 zpusto\u0161ila v\u0161e, byla zp\u016fsobena z\u00e1vodem mezi dv\u011bma ko\u0148mi.<\/h1>\n

Z t\u011bchto a podobn\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f vypukla v p\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e v\u00e1lka. Isl\u00e1m zm\u011bnil sm\u011br t\u00e9to spole\u010dnosti, zv\u011bt\u0161il probl\u00e9m krveprolit\u00ed v n\u00ed a u\u010dinil v\u00e1lku nen\u00e1vid\u011bnou spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Isl\u00e1m nevznikl proto, aby odporoval kosmick\u00fdm z\u00e1kon\u016fm. Existuje nespravedlnost, existuje spravedlnost, existuje le\u017e a existuje pravda. Protiklady nemohou existovat, ani\u017e by proti sob\u011b bojovaly. V\u0161emohouc\u00ed All\u00e1h \u0159ekl: {A kdyby All\u00e1h nekontroloval n\u011bkter\u00e9 lidi prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jin\u00fdch, kl\u00e1\u0161tery, kostely, synagogy a me\u0161ity, v nich\u017e se hojn\u011b zmi\u0148uje All\u00e1hovo jm\u00e9no, by byly zbo\u0159eny.} [Al-Had\u017ed\u017e: 40]<\/h1>\n

V\u00e1lka, v jazyce a terminologii, znamen\u00e1 odch\u00fdlen\u00ed se od p\u016fvodn\u00edho principu, kter\u00fdm je m\u00edr, klid, stabilita, bezpe\u010d\u00ed a ochrana du\u0161e, j\u00e1, ducha, t\u011bla, bohatstv\u00ed, d\u011bt\u00ed a v\u0161eho, co v \u017eivot\u011b existuje, aby plnilo funkci, pro kterou bylo stvo\u0159eno pro sebe nebo ve prosp\u011bch ostatn\u00edch mezi Bo\u017e\u00edm stvo\u0159en\u00edm. V\u00e1lka tedy zahrnuje neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 napaden\u00ed neomyln\u00e9ho j\u00e1, a\u0165 u\u017e zabit\u00edm \u010di jinak, zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje neomylnost napaden\u00e9ho a terorizuje jeho materi\u00e1ln\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed a psychick\u00fd klid, bez ohledu na m\u00edru tohoto \u00fatoku, a\u0165 u\u017e se jedn\u00e1 o agresi a nespravedlnost. Pokud poch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u011b od druh\u00fdch, pak si ji lze p\u0159edstavit se j\u00e1 a j\u00e1 proti sob\u011b, t\u00edm, \u017ee se osoba dopou\u0161t\u00ed \u010din\u016f a h\u0159\u00edch\u016f, kter\u00e9 ji vedou do kruhu korupce a ni\u010den\u00ed, a\u0165 u\u017e \u00fapln\u00e9ho nebo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9ho a a\u0165 u\u017e pozitivn\u00edho nebo negativn\u00edho.<\/h1>\n

Je zde d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vysv\u011btlit isl\u00e1msk\u00fd pohled na v\u00e1lku a shrnout tento koncept do n\u011bkolika hlavn\u00edch bod\u016f:<\/h1>\n

Zaprv\u00e9: M\u00edr je c\u00edlem a z\u00e1m\u011brem. V\u00e1lka je jedn\u00edm z prost\u0159edk\u016f k dosa\u017een\u00ed m\u00edru. Svat\u00fd Kor\u00e1n o tom \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:<\/h1>\n

- \u201eVy, kte\u0159\u00ed jste uv\u011b\u0159ili, vstupte do isl\u00e1mu zcela!\u201c [Al-Baqara: 208]<\/h1>\n

- \u201eJestli\u017ee v\u0161ak t\u00edhnou k m\u00edru, t\u00edhn\u011bte k n\u011bmu i vy a spol\u00e9hejte se na All\u00e1ha. V\u017edy\u0165 On je sly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed, v\u0161ev\u011bdouc\u00ed.\u201c [Al-Anfal: 61]<\/h1>\n

- \u201eA bojujte na cest\u011b All\u00e1hov\u011b proti t\u011bm, kdo\u017e bojuj\u00ed proti v\u00e1m, ale nep\u00e1chaj\u00ed p\u0159estupky. All\u00e1h v\u011bru nem\u00e1 r\u00e1d p\u0159estupn\u00edky.\u201c<\/h1>\n

[Al-Baqarah: 190].<\/h1>\n

- \ufd3fJestli\u017ee se v\u0161ak od v\u00e1s st\u00e1hnou a nebudou s v\u00e1mi bojovat a nenab\u00eddnou v\u00e1m m\u00edr, pak v\u00e1m All\u00e1h nedal \u017e\u00e1dnou cestu proti nim.<\/h1>\n

[\u017deny: 90].<\/h1>\n

Za druh\u00e9: V isl\u00e1mu existuj\u00ed dva typy v\u00e1lky:<\/h1>\n

1. Obrann\u00e9: chr\u00e1nit zemi muslim\u016f a jejich v\u00edru. Kor\u00e1n o tom \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:<\/h1>\n

\u201eKdokoli se proti v\u00e1m proh\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, proh\u0159e\u0161te se proti n\u011bmu \u00fam\u011brn\u011b tomu, jak se on proh\u0159e\u0161il proti v\u00e1m.\u201c [Al-Baqara: 194]<\/h1>\n

2- Ofenz\u00edva: Jej\u00edm c\u00edlem nen\u00ed napadnout, kolonizovat, podmanit si n\u00e1rody ani nutit je k p\u0159ijet\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e osvobodit jejich v\u016fli a svobodu, aby si mohly zvolit prav\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed... bez n\u00e1tlaku ze strany vl\u00e1dc\u016f nebo \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f. V tomto ohledu V\u0161emohouc\u00ed B\u016fh \u0159\u00edk\u00e1:<\/h1>\n

- \u201eV n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9ho donucen\u00ed. Spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 cesta se od \u0161patn\u00e9 odli\u0161ila.\u201c [Al-Baqarah: 256]<\/h1>\n

- \u201eA kdyby All\u00e1h nebr\u00e1nil jedn\u011bm lidem skrze jin\u00e9, zem\u011b by byla zka\u017eena.\u201c [Al-Baqara: 251]<\/h1>\n

Za t\u0159et\u00ed: Intenzita v boji neznamen\u00e1 krutost, brutalitu nebo nespravedlnost.<\/h1>\n

1. Muslim\u016fm bylo na\u0159\u00edzeno, aby bojovali intenzivn\u011b, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee maj\u00ed b\u00fdt odhodlan\u00ed, pevn\u00ed a neustupovat. V\u0161emohouc\u00ed B\u016fh \u0159ekl:<\/h1>\n

- \u201eVy, kte\u0159\u00ed jste uv\u011b\u0159ili, kdy\u017e se v bitv\u011b setk\u00e1te s nev\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edmi, neobracejte se k nim z\u00e1dy.\u201c [Al-Anfal: 15]<\/h1>\n

- Kdy\u017e se v bitv\u011b setk\u00e1te s t\u011bmi, kdo\u017e nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed, bijte je na krky, dokud je neporaz\u00edte a pak je nespoj\u00edte pouty.<\/h1>\n

[Muhammad: 47].<\/h1>\n

- \u201eProroku, bojuj proti nev\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edm a pokrytc\u016fm a bu\u010f k nim p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fd.\u201c [At-Tawba: 73]<\/h1>\n

2- Z\u00e1rove\u0148 jim bylo p\u0159ik\u00e1z\u00e1no, aby po v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed byli milosrdn\u00ed, spravedliv\u00ed a laskav\u00ed. V\u0161emohouc\u00ed B\u016fh \u0159ekl:<\/h1>\n

- \u201eA d\u00e1vaj\u00ed j\u00eddlo, i kdy\u017e k n\u011bmu maj\u00ed r\u00e1di, chud\u00fdm, sirotk\u016fm a zajatc\u016fm.\u201c [Al-Insan: 8]<\/h1>\n

- \u201ePak bu\u010f potom laskavost, nebo v\u00fdkupn\u00e9, dokud v\u00e1lka neslo\u017e\u00ed sv\u00e1 b\u0159emena.\u201c [Muhammad: 47]<\/h1>\n

To byl ideologick\u00fd aspekt a o n\u011bm jsme hovo\u0159ili velmi stru\u010dn\u011b. Zb\u00fdv\u00e1 ten druh\u00fd aspekt, a to praktick\u00fd aspekt isl\u00e1msk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 akce.<\/h1>\n

Kdy\u017e byl muslim\u016fm zjeven All\u00e1h\u016fv p\u0159\u00edkaz k veden\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1du, nenechal je samotn\u00e9 jejich v\u00ed\u0159e ani se nespokojil s jejich vysokou mor\u00e1lkou. Naopak jim \u0159ekl: \u201eA p\u0159ipravte si proti nim v\u0161e, co jste schopni s\u00edly a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch o\u0159\u00ed, jimi\u017e byste mohli zastra\u0161it nep\u0159\u00edtele All\u00e1ha i nep\u0159\u00edtele sv\u00e9ho.\u201c [Al-Anfal: 60] P\u0159\u00edkaz k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b se zde neomezuje pouze na zbran\u011b. Zahrnuje sp\u00ed\u0161e komplexn\u00ed a nep\u0159etr\u017eitou organizaci v\u00e1lky, a to jak materi\u00e1ln\u00ed, tak mor\u00e1ln\u00ed, po\u010d\u00ednaje v\u00fdukou discipl\u00edny, organizace a po\u0159\u00e1dku, p\u0159es neust\u00e1l\u00fd v\u00fdcvik ve v\u0161ech zbran\u00edch, studium v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f a\u017e po znalost geografie region\u016f a m\u00edst. Pot\u00e9 touhu po z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed modern\u00edch a pokro\u010dil\u00fdch zbran\u00ed a v\u00fdcvik v nich. Od prvn\u00edho okam\u017eiku, kdy byl zjeven p\u0159\u00edkaz k veden\u00ed d\u017eih\u00e1du, za\u010dal Posel, m\u00edr a po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00edm, u\u010dit sv\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovn\u00edky a p\u0159ipravovat je na velk\u00fd start \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed do nejvzd\u00e1len\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kout\u016f zem\u011b. Jeho u\u010den\u00ed, m\u00edr a po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed s n\u00edm, bylo vskutku jako \u0161kola pro absolventy v\u016fdc\u016f. Kosti nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d v\u011bky a generacemi.<\/h1>\n

V t\u00e9to knize se budeme zab\u00fdvat teori\u00ed v\u00e1lky v isl\u00e1mu ve v\u0161ech jej\u00edch aspektech. Douf\u00e1m, \u017ee to, co jsem napsal, bude slou\u017eit jako model pro to, o co usiluji j\u00e1 a o co usiluj\u00ed v\u011bdci p\u0159i studiu ud\u00e1lost\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed vojensk\u00e9 historie.<\/h1>\n

Nepot\u0159ebuji \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd koment\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd by zaplnil mezeru, je\u017e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159irozenosti. P\u0159edem d\u011bkuji v\u0161em, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bli u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm koment\u00e1\u0159em nebo se nenechali odradit up\u0159\u00edmnou modlitbou v nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti. K\u00e9\u017e B\u016fh zlep\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky muslim\u016f a ochr\u00e1n\u00ed je p\u0159ed zlem a sou\u017een\u00edm. K\u00e9\u017e Bo\u017e\u00ed modlitby a m\u00edr pat\u0159\u00ed na\u0161emu mistrovi Muhammadovi, k\u00e9\u017e mu B\u016fh \u017eehn\u00e1 a daruje mu m\u00edr.<\/h1>\n

Nakonec pros\u00edm V\u0161emohouc\u00edho Boha, aby m\u00e9 d\u00edlo konal up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b pro N\u011bj a aby m\u011b odm\u011bnil za ka\u017ed\u00e9 slovo, kter\u00e9 jsem napsal, a aby to za\u0159adil na v\u00e1hu m\u00fdch dobr\u00fdch skutk\u016f a aby odm\u011bnil m\u00e9 bratry, kte\u0159\u00ed mi pomohli se v\u0161\u00edm, co m\u011bli, abych tuto knihu dokon\u010dil.<\/h1>\n

\u201eSl\u00e1va Tob\u011b, Bo\u017ee, a chv\u00e1la Tob\u011b. Sv\u011bd\u010d\u00edm, \u017ee nen\u00ed boha krom\u011b Tebe. \u017d\u00e1d\u00e1m T\u011b o odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a \u010din\u00edm Tv\u00e9 pok\u00e1n\u00ed. A na\u0161e posledn\u00ed prosba zn\u00ed: Ve\u0161ker\u00e1 chv\u00e1la pat\u0159\u00ed Bohu, P\u00e1nu sv\u011bt\u016f.\u201c<\/h1>\n

Chud\u00e1k, kter\u00fd pot\u0159ebuje odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a slitov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho P\u00e1na<\/h1>\n

Tamer Badr<\/h1>\n

8. ramad\u00e1n 1440 AH<\/h1>\n

13. kv\u011btna 2019<\/h1>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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